Get types of C++ function parameters - c++

Question

Is there a standard way to get the types of a function's arguments and pass around these types as a template parameter pack? I know that this is possible in C++ because it has been done before.
I was hoping that with C++14 or the upcoming C++1z, there would be an idiomatic way to implement arg_types<F>... here:
template <typename ...Params>
void some_function(); // Params = const char* and const char*
FILE* fopen(const char* restrict filename, const char* restrict mode);
int main(){
some_function<arg_types<fopen>...>();
}
Just to be clear, an answer claiming that there is no standard way to do this is not an answer. If there is no answer, I would prefer that the question remain unanswered until the solution is added to C++500 or until the heat death of the universe, whichever happens earlier :)
Edit: A deleted answer noted that I can use PRETTY_FUNCTION to get the names of parameter types. However, I want the actual types. Not the names of those types.

Answer 1

This syntax is slightly different.
First, because types are easier to work with than packs, a type that holds a pack. The using type=types; just saves me work in the code that generates a types:
template<class...>struct types{using type=types;};
Here is the workhorse. It takes a signature, and produces a types<?...> bundle containing the arguments for the signature. 3 steps so we can get nice clean C++14esque syntax:
template<class Sig> struct args;
template<class R, class...Args>
struct args<R(Args...)>:types<Args...>{};
template<class Sig> using args_t=typename args<Sig>::type;
Here is a syntax difference. Instead of directly taking Params..., we take a types<Params...>. This is similar to the "tag dispatching" pattern, where we exploit template function type deduction to move arguments into the type list:
template <class...Params>
void some_function(types<Params...>) {
}
My fopen is different, because I don't want to bother #includeing stuff:
void* fopen(const char* filename, const char* mode);
And the syntax is not based off of fopen, but rather the type of fopen. If you have a pointer, you'd need to do decltype(*func_ptr) or somesuch. Or we could augment the top to handle R(*)(Args...) for ease of use:
template<class Sig>
struct args<Sig*>:args<Sig>{}; // R(*)(Args...) case
template<class Sig>
struct args<Sig&>:args<Sig>{}; // R(&)(Args...) case
then test code:
int main(){
some_function(args_t<decltype(fopen)>{});
}
live example.
Note that this does not work with overloaded functions, nor does it work with function objects.
In general, this kind of thing is a bad idea, because usually you know how you are interacting with an object.
The above would only be useful if you wanted to take a function (or function pointer) and pop some arguments off some stack somewhere and call it based off the parameters it expected, or something similar.

Answer 2

Inspired by #Yakk, here is a slightly simplified version:
First we define helper meta function to store function argment types as tuple.
template<typename Sig>
struct signature;
template<typename R, typename ...Args>
struct signature<R(Args...)>
{
using type = std::tuple<Args...>;
};
We use concept to restrict input as function
template<typename F>
concept is_fun = std::is_function_v<F>;
Here is our function "arguments" to retrieve input's argument types. Depends on input parameter, we overload "arguments" function to accept both reference and non reference.(free function is always passed by reference. We don't even have to have function body, only return type is enough as this is meta function.
template<is_fun F>
auto arguments(const F &) -> typename signature<F>::type;
Here is testing:
void foo(const string &, int, double)
{}
static_assert(std::is_same_v<decltype (arguments(foo)),
std::tuple<const string &, int, double>>);
My full-fledged version is here which also supports lambda, functor, member function pointer

Answer 3

Use Boost.FunctionTypes and std::index_sequence. Below is an example which prints the argument types of the function func. You can change the doit static function to do what you want. See it in action here.
template <typename FuncType>
using Arity = boost::function_types::function_arity<FuncType>;
template <typename FuncType>
using ResultType = typename boost::function_types::result_type<FuncType>::type;
template <typename FuncType, size_t ArgIndex>
using ArgType = typename boost::mpl::at_c<boost::function_types::parameter_types<FuncType>, ArgIndex>::type;
void func(int, char, double) {}
template <typename Func, typename IndexSeq>
struct ArgPrintHelper;
template <typename Func, size_t... Inds>
struct ArgPrintHelper<Func, integer_sequence<size_t, Inds...> >
{
static void doit()
{
string typeNames[] = {typeid(ResultType<Arg>).name(), typeid(ArgType<Func, Inds>).name()...};
for (auto const& name : typeNames)
cout << name << " ";
cout << endl;
}
};
template <typename Func>
void ArgPrinter(Func f)
{
ArgPrintHelper<Func, make_index_sequence<Arity<Func>::value> >::doit();
}
int main()
{
ArgPrinter(func);
return 0;
}
Headers(moved down here to reduce noise in the above code snippet):
#include <boost/function_types/function_type.hpp>
#include <boost/function_types/parameter_types.hpp>
#include <boost/function_types/result_type.hpp>
#include <boost/function_types/function_arity.hpp>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>
using namespace std;

Answer 4

For boost users, #include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
boost::function_traits<decltype(function)>::arg1_type
boost::function_traits<decltype(function)>::arg2_type
// boost::function_traits<decltype(function)>::argN_type
using FopenArg1 = boost::function_traits<decltype(fopen)>::arg1_type;
using FopenArg2 = boost::function_traits<decltype(fopen)>::arg2_type;
void some_function(FopenArg1, FopenArg2);
Boost Document

Answer 5

With a C++17 (or later) conforming compiler, you can use this:
#include<iostream>
template<typename type, typename...args>
void getFuncInfo(type(*func)(args...))
{
// some code here...
// here my example:
((std::cout << typeid(args).name() << "\n"),...);
}
// every Augments you can imagines...
void someRandomFunction(int a, float b, double c, const char* d, int e[], std::pair<int, const char*> f)
{
}
// test out in main.
int main()
{
getFuncInfo(someRandomFunction);
std::cin.get();
}