I'm pretty new to SwiftUI, so I'm wondering how to navigate to a new view only when an async method returns with a value. Here is my view:
import SwiftUI
struct FollowersView: View {
#State var followers: [Follower]
#State var user: User?
#State private var selection: String? = nil
#StateObject private var viewModel = GitHubUsersViewModel()
let columns = [
GridItem(.flexible(minimum: 150, maximum: 175)),
GridItem(.flexible(minimum: 150, maximum: 175)),
]
var body: some View {
ScrollView {
LazyVGrid(columns: columns, spacing: 20) {
ForEach(followers, id: \.self) { follower in
FollowerCardView(follower: follower)
.onTapGesture {
Task {
self.user = try await self.viewModel.manager.getUser(for: follower.login)
self.selection = NavigationTags.userFound
}
}
}
}
.padding(.horizontal)
}
.frame(maxHeight: .infinity)
}
}
When self.user gets populated, I want to be able to navigate to another view. But, I can't figure out where to put the NavigationLink.
This FollowersView is already embedded in a NavigationView from within it's parent view.
Please advise?
For iOS 15 you can still use NavigationLink as it isn't deprecated until iOS 16 when the new NavigationStack stuff comes in.
Anyway...
struct SomeView: View {
#State var shouldNavigate: Bool = false
var body: some View {
NavigationLink(
isActive: $shouldNavigate,
destination: navDestination
) {
Text("Press me")
.onTapGesture {
let result = await someAsyncFunction()
shouldNavigate = true
}
}
}
#ViewBuilder
var navDestination: some View {
Text("Ta dah!")
}
}
This will navigate to your destination when the async function completes and sets shouldNavigate to true.
There are nmany ways that you could do this. This is just one of them. Good luck
As a side note, you need to make sure your view is part of a NavigationView too.
Related
I have a tabview with two tabs (tabs A and B).
Clicking tab A opens a master View. In that master view there is a navigation link to Page 1. Within Page 1 there is also a link to Page 2.
When the user is on Page 1 or 2, and I tap Tab A, it doesn’t revert to master View. Similarly if the user clicks Tab B and then Tab A again, it returns to Page 1 or 2 (whichever the user was on), rather than master View.
How to I make the navigation stack reset in both cases?
Thanks!
That's because the View won't be rerendered. Here is a possible approach how to achieve your behavior:
You can use ProxyBinding for the TabView to detect changes and then reset the NavigationLink by changing the internal State variable.
struct ContentView: View {
#State var activeView: Int = 0
#State var showNavigation: Bool = false
var body: some View {
TabView(selection: Binding<Int>(
get: {
activeView
}, set: {
activeView = $0
showNavigation = false //<< when pressing Tab Bar Reset Navigation View
}))
{
NavigationView {
NavigationLink("Click", destination: Text("Page A"), isActive: $showNavigation)
}
.tabItem {
Image(systemName: "1.circle")
Text("First")
}
.tag(0)
Text("Second View")
.padding()
.tabItem {
Image(systemName: "2.circle")
Text("Second")
}
.tag(1)
}
}
}
You can create RootView with MainView
import SwiftUI
struct RootView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel = RootViewModel()
init(){
viewModel.prepare()
}
var body: some View {
MainView(tab: viewModel.mainTab)
.id(UUID().uuidString)
}
}
Create RootViewModel with listeners to screen updating
import SwiftUI
class RootViewModel: ObservableObject{
#Published var mainTab: SelectedTab = .firstTab
let mainScreenNotification = NSNotification.Name("mainScreenNotification")
private var observerMain: Any?
func prepare(){
observerMain = NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(forName: mainScreenNotification, object: nil, queue: nil, using: { [unowned self] notification in
self.mainTab = (notification.userInfo?["selectedTab"])! as! SelectedTab
})
}
}
enum SelectedTab {
case firstTab, secondTab
}
Run this to inflating new tab screen from tab child:
NotificationCenter.default.post(name:
NSNotification.Name("mainScreenNotification"),
object: nil,
userInfo: ["selectedTab": SelectedTab.firstTab]
)
UIKit used to support TableView Cell that enabled a Blue info/disclosure button. The following was generated in SwiftUI, however getting the underlying functionality to work is proving a challenge for a beginner to SwiftUI.
Generated by the following code:
struct Session: Identifiable {
let date: Date
let dir: String
let instrument: String
let description: String
var id: Date { date }
}
final class SessionsData: ObservableObject {
#Published var sessions: [Session]
init() {
sessions = [Session(date: SessionsData.dateFromString(stringDate: "2016-04-14T10:44:00+0000"),dir:"Rhubarb", instrument:"LCproT", description: "brief Description"),
Session(date: SessionsData.dateFromString(stringDate: "2017-04-14T10:44:00+0001"),dir:"Custard", instrument:"LCproU", description: "briefer Description"),
Session(date: SessionsData.dateFromString(stringDate: "2018-04-14T10:44:00+0002"),dir:"Jelly", instrument:"LCproV", description: " Description")
]
}
static func dateFromString(stringDate: String) -> Date {
let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
dateFormatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX") // set locale to reliable US_POSIX
dateFormatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ"
return dateFormatter.date(from:stringDate)!
}
}
struct SessionList: View {
#EnvironmentObject private var sessionData: SessionsData
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
List {
ForEach(sessionData.sessions) { session in
SessionRow(session: session )
}
}
.navigationTitle("Session data")
}
// without this style modification we get all sorts of UIKit warnings
.navigationViewStyle(StackNavigationViewStyle())
}
}
struct SessionRow: View {
var session: Session
#State private var presentDescription = false
var body: some View {
HStack(alignment: .center){
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text(session.dir)
.font(.headline)
.truncationMode(.tail)
.frame(minWidth: 20)
Text(session.instrument)
.font(.caption)
.opacity(0.625)
.truncationMode(.middle)
}
Spacer()
// SessionGraph is a place holder for the Graph data.
NavigationLink(destination: SessionGraph()) {
// if this isn't an EmptyView then we get a disclosure indicator
EmptyView()
}
// Note: without setting the NavigationLink hidden
// width to 0 the List width is split 50/50 between the
// SessionRow and the NavigationLink. Making the NavigationLink
// width 0 means that SessionRow gets all the space. Howeveer
// NavigationLink still works
.hidden().frame(width: 0)
Button(action: { presentDescription = true
print("\(session.dir):\(presentDescription)")
}) {
Image(systemName: "info.circle")
}
.buttonStyle(BorderlessButtonStyle())
NavigationLink(destination: SessionDescription(),
isActive: $presentDescription) {
EmptyView()
}
.hidden().frame(width: 0)
}
.padding(.vertical, 4)
}
}
struct SessionGraph: View {
var body: some View {
Text("SessionGraph")
}
}
struct SessionDescription: View {
var body: some View {
Text("SessionDescription")
}
}
The issue comes in the behaviour of the NavigationLinks for the SessionGraph. Selecting the SessionGraph, which is the main body of the row, propagates to the SessionDescription! hence Views start flying about in an un-controlled manor.
I've seen several stated solutions to this issue, however none have worked using XCode 12.3 & iOS 14.3
Any ideas?
When you put a NavigationLink in the background of List row, the NavigationLink can still be activated on tap. Even with .buttonStyle(BorderlessButtonStyle()) (which looks like a bug to me).
A possible solution is to move all NavigationLinks outside the List and then activate them from inside the List row. For this we need #State variables holding the activation state. Then, we need to pass them to the subviews as #Binding and activate them on button tap.
Here is a possible example:
struct SessionList: View {
#EnvironmentObject private var sessionData: SessionsData
// create state variables for activating NavigationLinks
#State private var presentGraph: Session?
#State private var presentDescription: Session?
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
List {
ForEach(sessionData.sessions) { session in
SessionRow(
session: session,
presentGraph: $presentGraph,
presentDescription: $presentDescription
)
}
}
.navigationTitle("Session data")
// put NavigationLinks outside the List
.background(
VStack {
presentGraphLink
presentDescriptionLink
}
)
}
.navigationViewStyle(StackNavigationViewStyle())
}
#ViewBuilder
var presentGraphLink: some View {
// custom binding to activate a NavigationLink - basically when `presentGraph` is set
let binding = Binding<Bool>(
get: { presentGraph != nil },
set: { if !$0 { presentGraph = nil } }
)
// activate the `NavigationLink` when the `binding` is `true`
NavigationLink("", destination: SessionGraph(), isActive: binding)
}
#ViewBuilder
var presentDescriptionLink: some View {
let binding = Binding<Bool>(
get: { presentDescription != nil },
set: { if !$0 { presentDescription = nil } }
)
NavigationLink("", destination: SessionDescription(), isActive: binding)
}
}
struct SessionRow: View {
var session: Session
// pass variables as `#Binding`...
#Binding var presentGraph: Session?
#Binding var presentDescription: Session?
var body: some View {
HStack {
Button {
presentGraph = session // ...and activate them manually
} label: {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text(session.dir)
.font(.headline)
.truncationMode(.tail)
.frame(minWidth: 20)
Text(session.instrument)
.font(.caption)
.opacity(0.625)
.truncationMode(.middle)
}
}
.buttonStyle(PlainButtonStyle())
Spacer()
Button {
presentDescription = session
print("\(session.dir):\(presentDescription)")
} label: {
Image(systemName: "info.circle")
}
.buttonStyle(PlainButtonStyle())
}
.padding(.vertical, 4)
}
}
I want to implement a wizard whereby the user has to go through multiple screens in order to complete a signup process.
In SwiftUI the easiest way to do this is to have each view when it's finished push the next view on the navigation stack, but this codes the entire navigation between views in the views themselves, and I would like to avoid it.
What I want to do is have a parent view show the navigation view and then push the different steps on that navigation view.
I have something working already that looks like this:
struct AddVehicleView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel: AddVehicleViewModel
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
switch viewModel.state {
case .description:
AddDescriptionView(addDescriptionViewModel: AddVehicleDescriptionViewModel(), addVehicleViewModel: viewModel)
case .users:
AddUsersView(viewModel: AddUsersViewModel(viewModel.vehicle), addVehicleViewModel: viewModel)
}
}
}
}
This works fine. In the first step the AddVehicleViewModel is updated with the necessary info, the AddVehicleView is re-evaluated, the switch case jumps to the next option and the next view is presented to complete the wizard.
The issue with this however is that there are no navigation stack animations. Views simply get replaced. How can I change this to a system whereby the views are pushed, without implementing the push inside the AddDescriptionView object?
Should I write wrapper views that do the navigation stack handling on top of those views, and get rid of the switch case?
Ok so if you want to go from view a to b you should implement this not in your NavigationView but the view after the NavigationView, this way you wont break the animations. Why? Good question, I really don't know. When possible I keep my NavigationView always in the App struct under WindowGroup.
To get back to the point. Basically there should be an intermediate view between your steps and NavigationView. This view (StepperView) will contain the navigation logic of your steps. This way you keep the animations intact.
import SwiftUI
class AddVehicleViewModel: ObservableObject {
enum StateType {
case description
case users1
case users2
}
#Published var state: StateType? = nil
}
struct AddDescriptionView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel: AddVehicleViewModel
#State var text: String = ""
var body: some View {
GeometryReader {proxy in
VStack {
TextField("test", text: self.$text).background(RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 10).fill(Color.white).frame(width: 150, height: 40)).padding()
Button("1") {
viewModel.state = .users1
}
}.frame(width: proxy.size.width, height: proxy.size.height, alignment: .center).background(Color.orange)
}
}
}
struct AddUsersView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel: AddVehicleViewModel
var body: some View {
GeometryReader {proxy in
ZStack {
Button("2") {
viewModel.state = .users2
}
}.frame(width: proxy.size.width, height: proxy.size.height, alignment: /*#START_MENU_TOKEN#*/.center/*#END_MENU_TOKEN#*/).background(Color.orange)
}
}
}
struct AddUsersView2: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel: AddVehicleViewModel
var body: some View {
GeometryReader {proxy in
ZStack {
Button("3") {
viewModel.state = .description
}
}.frame(width: proxy.size.width, height: proxy.size.height, alignment: /*#START_MENU_TOKEN#*/.center/*#END_MENU_TOKEN#*/).background(Color.orange)
}
}
}
struct StepperView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel: AddVehicleViewModel = AddVehicleViewModel()
var body: some View {
VStack {
NavigationLink(
destination: AddDescriptionView(viewModel: viewModel),
isActive: .constant(viewModel.state == .description),
label: {EmptyView()})
if viewModel.state == .users1 {
NavigationLink(
destination: AddUsersView(viewModel: viewModel),
isActive: .constant(true),
label: {EmptyView()})
}
if viewModel.state == .users2 {
NavigationLink(
destination: AddUsersView2(viewModel: viewModel),
isActive: .constant(true),
label: {EmptyView()})
}
}.onAppear {
viewModel.state = .description
}
}
}
class BackBarButtonItem: UIBarButtonItem {
#available(iOS 14.0, *)
override var menu: UIMenu? {
set {
// Don't set the menu here
// super.menu = menu
}
get {
return super.menu
}
}
}
struct AddVehicleView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel: AddVehicleViewModel = AddVehicleViewModel()
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
NavigationLink(
destination: StepperView(),
isActive: .constant(true),
label: {EmptyView()})
}
}
}
I am trying to write a "Single View App" in SwiftUI. The main design is very simple. I have a list of items (say Expense) which I am displaying in main view in NavigationView -> List.
List View Source Code
import SwiftUI
struct AmountBasedModifier : ViewModifier{
var amount: Int
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
if amount <= 10{
return content.foregroundColor(Color.green)
}
else if amount <= 100{
return content.foregroundColor(Color.blue)
}
else {
return content.foregroundColor(Color.red)
}
}
}
extension View {
func amountBasedStyle(amount: Int) -> some View {
self.modifier(AmountBasedModifier(amount: amount))
}
}
struct ExpenseItem: Identifiable, Codable {
var id = UUID()
var name: String
var type: String
var amount: Int
static var Empty: ExpenseItem{
return ExpenseItem(name: "", type: "", amount: 0)
}
}
class Expenses: ObservableObject {
#Published var items = [ExpenseItem](){
didSet{
let encoder = JSONEncoder()
if let data = try? encoder.encode(items){
UserDefaults.standard.set(data, forKey: "items")
}
}
}
init() {
let decoder = JSONDecoder()
if let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: "items"){
if let items = try? decoder.decode([ExpenseItem].self, from: data){
self.items = items
return
}
}
items = []
}
}
struct ContentView: View {
#ObservedObject var expenses = Expenses()
#State private var isShowingAddNewItemView = false
var body: some View {
NavigationView{
List{
ForEach(self.expenses.items) { item in
NavigationLink(destination: ExpenseItemHost(item: item, expenses: self.expenses)){
HStack{
VStack(alignment: .leading){
Text(item.name)
.font(.headline)
Text(item.type)
.font(.subheadline)
}
Spacer()
Text("$\(item.amount)")
.amountBasedStyle(amount: item.amount)
}
}
}.onDelete(perform: removeItems)
}
.navigationBarTitle("iExpense")
.navigationBarItems(leading: EditButton(), trailing: Button(action:
{
self.isShowingAddNewItemView.toggle()
}, label: {
Image(systemName: "plus")
}))
.sheet(isPresented: $isShowingAddNewItemView) {
AddNewExpense(expenses: self.expenses)
}
}
}
func removeItems(at offsets: IndexSet){
self.expenses.items.remove(atOffsets: offsets)
}
}
Each row item is NavigationLink that opens the Expense in readonly mode showing all the attributes of Expense Item.
There is an Add button at the top right to let user add a new expense item in list. The AddNewExpenseView (shown as sheet) has access to the list data source. So whenever user adds an new expense then data source of list is updated (by appending new item) and the sheet is dismissed.
Add View Source Code
struct AddNewExpense: View {
#ObservedObject var expenses: Expenses
#Environment(\.presentationMode) var presentationMode
#State private var name = ""
#State private var type = "Personal"
#State private var amount = ""
#State private var isShowingAlert = false
static private let expenseTypes = ["Personal", "Business"]
var body: some View {
NavigationView{
Form{
TextField("Name", text: $name)
Picker("Expense Type", selection: $type) {
ForEach(Self.expenseTypes, id: \.self) {
Text($0)
}
}
TextField("Amount", text: $amount)
}.navigationBarTitle("Add New Expense", displayMode: .inline)
.navigationBarItems(trailing: Button(action: {
if let amount = Int(self.amount){
let expenseItem = ExpenseItem(name: self.name, type: self.type, amount: amount)
self.expenses.items.append(expenseItem)
self.presentationMode.wrappedValue.dismiss()
}else{
self.isShowingAlert.toggle()
}
}, label: {
Text("Save")
}))
.alert(isPresented: $isShowingAlert) {
Alert.init(title: Text("Invalid Amount"), message: Text("The amount should only be numbers and without decimals"), dismissButton: .default(Text("OK")))
}
}
}
}
Expense Detail (Read Only) View Source Code
struct ExpenseItemView: View {
var item: ExpenseItem
var body: some View {
List{
Section{
Text("Name")
.font(.headline)
Text(item.name)
}
Section{
Text("Expense Type")
.font(.headline)
Text(item.type)
}
Section{
Text("Amount")
.font(.headline)
Text("$\(item.amount)")
}
}.listStyle(GroupedListStyle())
.navigationBarTitle(Text("Expense Details"), displayMode: .inline)
}
}
So far everything good. I then thought of adding an Edit button on the ExpenseItem View screen so that user can edit the Expense. I created an edit View which is launched as a sheet from ReadOnly View when Edit button is clicked.
Edit View Code
struct ExpenseItemHost: View {
#State var isShowingEditSheet = false
#State var item: ExpenseItem
#State var itemUnderEdit = ExpenseItem.Empty
var expenses: Expenses
var body: some View {
VStack{
ExpenseItemView(item: self.item)
}
.navigationBarItems(trailing: Button("Edit")
{
self.isShowingEditSheet.toggle()
})
.sheet(isPresented: $isShowingEditSheet) {
EditExpenseItemView(item: self.$itemUnderEdit)
.onAppear(){
self.itemUnderEdit = self.item
}
.onDisappear(){
//TO DO: Handle the logic where save is done when user has explicitly pressed "Done" button. `//Presently it is saving even if Cancel button is clicked`
if let indexAt = self.expenses.items.firstIndex( where: { listItem in
return self.item.id == listItem.id
}){
self.expenses.items.remove(at: indexAt)
}
self.item = self.itemUnderEdit
self.expenses.items.append(self.item)
}
}
}
}
struct EditExpenseItemView: View {
#Environment(\.presentationMode) var presentationMode
#Binding var item: ExpenseItem
static private let expenseTypes = ["Personal", "Business"]
var body: some View {
NavigationView{
Form{
TextField("Name", text: self.$item.name)
Picker("Expense Type", selection: self.$item.type) {
ForEach(Self.expenseTypes, id: \.self) {
Text($0)
}
}
TextField("Amount", value: self.$item.amount, formatter: NumberFormatter())
}
.navigationBarTitle(Text(""), displayMode: .inline)
.navigationBarItems(leading: Button("Cancel"){
self.presentationMode.wrappedValue.dismiss()
}, trailing: Button("Done"){
self.presentationMode.wrappedValue.dismiss()
})
}
}
}
Screenshots
Problem
I expect that when user is done with editing by pressing Done button the Sheet should come back to ReadOnly screen as this is where user clicked Edit button. But since I am modifying the data source of ListView when Done button is clicked so the ListView is getting recreated/refreshed. So instead of EditView sheet returning to ReadOnly view, the ListView is getting displayed when Done button is clicked.
Since my code is changing the data source of a view which is right now not accessible to user so below exception is also getting generated
2020-08-02 19:30:11.561793+0530 iExpense[91373:6737004] [TableView] Warning once only: UITableView was told to layout its visible cells and other contents without being in the view hierarchy (the table view or one of its superviews has not been added to a window). This may cause bugs by forcing views inside the table view to load and perform layout without accurate information (e.g. table view bounds, trait collection, layout margins, safe area insets, etc), and will also cause unnecessary performance overhead due to extra layout passes. Make a symbolic breakpoint at UITableViewAlertForLayoutOutsideViewHierarchy to catch this in the debugger and see what caused this to occur, so you can avoid this action altogether if possible, or defer it until the table view has been added to a window. Table view: <_TtC7SwiftUIP33_BFB370BA5F1BADDC9D83021565761A4925UpdateCoalescingTableView: 0x7f9a8b021800; baseClass = UITableView; frame = (0 0; 414 896); clipsToBounds = YES; autoresize = W+H; gestureRecognizers = <NSArray: 0x6000010a1110>; layer = <CALayer: 0x600001e8c0e0>; contentOffset: {0, -140}; contentSize: {414, 220}; adjustedContentInset: {140, 0, 34, 0}; dataSource: <_TtGC7SwiftUIP13$7fff2c9a5ad419ListCoreCoordinatorGVS_20SystemListDataSourceOs5Never_GOS_19SelectionManagerBoxS2___: 0x7f9a8a5073f0>>
I can understand why ListView refresh is getting triggered but what I could not figure out is the correct pattern to edit the model as well as not cause the ListView refresh to trigger when we have intermediate screen in between i.e. List View -> ReadOnly -> Edit View.
What is the suggestion to handle this case?
I'm trying to create a button that not only navigates to another view, but also run a function at the same time. I tried embedding both a NavigationLink and a Button into a Stack, but I'm only able to click on the Button.
ZStack {
NavigationLink(destination: TradeView(trade: trade)) {
TradeButton()
}
Button(action: {
print("Hello world!") //this is the only thing that runs
}) {
TradeButton()
}
}
You can use .simultaneousGesture to do that. The NavigationLink will navigate and at the same time perform an action exactly like you want:
NavigationLink(destination: TradeView(trade: trade)) {
Text("Trade View Link")
}.simultaneousGesture(TapGesture().onEnded{
print("Hello world!")
})
You can use NavigationLink(destination:isActive:label:). Use the setter on the binding to know when the link is tapped. I've noticed that the NavigationLink could be tapped outside of the content area, and this approach captures those taps as well.
struct Sidebar: View {
#State var isTapped = false
var body: some View {
NavigationLink(destination: ViewToPresent(),
isActive: Binding<Bool>(get: { isTapped },
set: { isTapped = $0; print("Tapped") }),
label: { Text("Link") })
}
}
struct ViewToPresent: View {
var body: some View {
print("View Presented")
return Text("View Presented")
}
}
The only thing I notice is that setter fires three times, one of which is after it's presented. Here's the output:
Tapped
Tapped
View Presented
Tapped
NavigationLink + isActive + onChange(of:)
// part 1
#State private var isPushed = false
// part 2
NavigationLink(destination: EmptyView(), isActive: $isPushed, label: {
Text("")
})
// part 3
.onChange(of: isPushed) { (newValue) in
if newValue {
// do what you want
}
}
This works for me atm:
#State private var isActive = false
NavigationLink(destination: MyView(), isActive: $isActive) {
Button {
// run your code
// then set
isActive = true
} label: {
Text("My Link")
}
}
Use NavigationLink(_:destination:tag:selection:) initializer and pass your model's property as a selection parameter. Because it is a two-way binding, you can define didset observer for this property, and call your function there.
struct ContentView: View {
#EnvironmentObject var navigationModel: NavigationModel
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
List(0 ..< 10, id: \.self) { row in
NavigationLink(destination: DetailView(id: row),
tag: row,
selection: self.$navigationModel.linkSelection) {
Text("Link \(row)")
}
}
}
}
}
struct DetailView: View {
var id: Int;
var body: some View {
Text("DetailView\(id)")
}
}
class NavigationModel: ObservableObject {
#Published var linkSelection: Int? = nil {
didSet {
if let linkSelection = linkSelection {
// action
print("selected: \(String(describing: linkSelection))")
}
}
}
}
It this example you need to pass in your model to ContentView as an environment object:
ContentView().environmentObject(NavigationModel())
in the SceneDelegate and SwiftUI Previews.
The model conforms to ObservableObject protocol and the property must have a #Published attribute.
(it works within a List)
I also just used:
NavigationLink(destination: View()....) {
Text("Demo")
}.task { do your stuff here }
iOS 15.3 deployment target.