How to use the QGraphicsItem::setPos() function - c++

I can't figure out how the setPos() function of the QGraphicsItem class works.
My Rect class has no parent, so its origin is relative to the scene.
I try to put the rectangle back at (0, 0) after it is moved with the mouse but it is placed in a different place depending on where I had moved it.
I suppose that means that the origin of the scene moves but what causes this change?
class Rect : public QGraphicsItem {
public:
Rect(): QGraphicsItem()
{
setFlag(ItemIsMovable);
}
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget) override
{
painter->drawRect(0, 0, 20, 20);
}
void mouseReleaseEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event) override
{
setPos(0, 0);
update();
QGraphicsItem::mouseReleaseEvent(event);
}
QRectF boundingRect() const
{
return QRectF(0, 0, 20, 20);
}
private:
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
QGraphicsScene scene;
QGraphicsView view(&scene);
Rect obj;
scene.addItem(&obj);
view.show();
return a.exec();
}

When you create a QGraphicsView you initially accept the default settings. A standard setting is, for example, that it is horizontally centered.
Another factor is that the default area size is probably up to the maximum size.
what you can do set a custom size for the scene. You do that with graphicsView->setSceneRect(0,0,300,300); (for example)
scene = new QGraphicsScene(this);
ui->graphicsView->setScene(scene);
ui->graphicsView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
ui->graphicsView->setSceneRect(0,0, 300,300);
rectItem = new QGraphicsRectItem(0,0, 100, 100);
rectItem->setPen(QPen(Qt::darkMagenta, 2));
rectItem->setBrush(QGradient(QGradient::SaintPetersburg));
rectItem->setPos(190,10);
scene->addItem(rectItem);
So in summary: if you want to work with fixed values. maybe it is better to know the total size. (that was not clear from your code, that's why I gave this example)

Related

Map QWidget center position to QGraphicsScene coordinates?

I have a QGraphicsItem with an embedded QWidget, this QWidget have a QPushButton in it.
I'm trying to map the center of the QPushButton to the QGraphicsScene coordinates, so for example, I can add a Circle to the center of the QPushButton.
With the help from another post I was able to find the center of the QPushButton, but it doesn't correspond to its actual position in the QGraphicsScene.
What I tried:
Getting the QRect of the button and then its center, finally mapping to the global coordinates of the view.
Getting the QRect of the button, then its center and mapping it to the QGraphicsItem.
Getting the QRect of the button, then its center, mapping it to the QGraphicsItem and than mapping it to the scene.
In general, I tried mapping it to Scene, to Global and to Item but it always looks incorrect. And the farther I move the QGraphicsItem, the less accurate it gets. Here the circle is supposed to be positioned at the center of the "B" button:
Qwidget:
class NodeFrame : public QFrame
{
public:
NodeFrame();
QRect getButtonRect()
{
return layout->itemAt(0)->geometry();
}
private:
QPushButton* button = nullptr;
QHBoxLayout* layout = nullptr;
};
NodeFrame::NodeFrame()
{
setFixedSize(200,80);
// Creates and add a QPushButton to the frame.
// I need the position of this button on the QGraohicsScene
button = new QPushButton("B");
button->setFixedSize(40,20);
layout = new QHBoxLayout();
layout->addWidget(button);
layout->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
setLayout(layout);
}
QGraphicsItem:
class Node : public QGraphicsItem
{
public:
Node();
QRectF boundingRect() const override;
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget) override;
QRect getButtonRect()
{
return frame->getButtonRect();
}
NodeFrame* frame = nullptr;
};
Node::Node()
{
setFlag(ItemIsMovable);
// Create a GraphicsProxyWidget to insert the nodeFrame into the scene
auto proxyWidget = new QGraphicsProxyWidget(this);
frame = new NodeFrame();
proxyWidget->setWidget(frame);
// Center the widget(frame) at the center of the QGraphicsItem
proxyWidget->setPos(boundingRect().center() - proxyWidget->boundingRect().center());
}
QRectF Node::boundingRect() const
{
return QRectF(-10, -10, 280, 150);
}
void Node::paint(QPainter* painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem* option, QWidget* widget)
{
QPainterPath path;
path.addRoundedRect(boundingRect(), 10, 10);
painter->drawPath(path);
}
main:
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
// Create scene and view
auto scene = new QGraphicsScene();
auto view = new QGraphicsView(scene);
view->setMinimumSize(800, 800);
// Create the QGraphicsItem and add it to the scene
auto item = new Node();
scene->addItem(item);
item->setPos(50, 50);
auto btnRect = item->getButtonRect();
auto center = view->mapToGlobal(btnRect.center());
auto circle = new QGraphicsEllipseItem();
circle->setRect(QRectF(center.x(), center.y(), 25, 25));
scene->addItem(circle);
// Show the the view
view->show();
return app.exec();
}
Appreciate any help.
Solved. This was caused by two things:
1: QRectF getButtonRect() was returning layout->itemAt(0)->geometry(), (index 0 being the first and only widget in the layout) but button->frameGeometry() seems to be a more accurate visual representation of the button's geometry.
2: When adding the widget to the graphic item using QGraphicsProxyWidget, I was adjusting the position of the widget inside the graphic item using:
proxyWidget->setPos(boundingRect().center() - proxyWidget->boundingRect().center());
This was changing the position (obviously) of the widget inside the graphic item, so visually it didn't align with the result given by button->frameGeometry().

QPropertyAnimation of a QGraphicsTextItem with a frame make the text shaky

I am animating a QGraphicsTextItem that I have added a frame around. During the animation the text seems to shake slightly inside the frame, which is very annoying.
An example code:
class MovingFrameText : public QGraphicsTextItem
{
Q_OBJECT;
public:
MovingFrameText( ) : QGraphicsTextItem(0)
{
setPlainText ( "human ");
QFont f = font();
f.setPixelSize(40);
setFont(f);
setFlags(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable);
}
QRectF boundingRect() const
{
return QGraphicsTextItem::boundingRect().adjusted(-2,-2,+2,+2);
}
void paint(QPainter *painter,const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option,QWidget *widget)
{
QGraphicsTextItem::paint(painter,option,widget);
painter->setPen(Qt::black);
painter->drawRect(boundingRect());
}
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication app(argc,argv);
MovingFrameText t;
t.setPos(640,680);
QGraphicsScene scene;
scene.addItem(&t);
QGraphicsView view(&scene);
view.resize(640, 680);
view.show();
auto moveAnimation = new QPropertyAnimation( &t, "pos" );
moveAnimation->setDuration( 10000 );
moveAnimation->setStartValue( QPointF(640, 680) );
moveAnimation->setEndValue( QPointF(0, 0) );
moveAnimation->setEasingCurve( QEasingCurve::Linear );
moveAnimation->start(QAbstractAnimation::DeleteWhenStopped);
return app.exec();
}
Is there any way to smooth the animation?
Solution
You can substantially improve the animation by:
Using QVariantAnimation instead of QPropertyAnimation and calling QGraphicsItem::update on each iteration
Buffering the painting using an additional QPainter with a QPixmap as a canvas for all painting operations and then painting the canvas using the painter passed to the paint method
Note: The QGraphicsTextItem will still shake a bit, but at least it will behave as one object instead of several independent ones.
Example
Here is an example I have prepared for you of how your code could be changed in order to implement the proposed solution:
class MovingFrameText : public QGraphicsTextItem
{
public:
MovingFrameText(const QString &text, QGraphicsItem *parent = nullptr)
: QGraphicsTextItem(parent)
{
QFont f(font());
f.setPixelSize(40);
setFont(f);
setPlainText(text);
}
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)
{
painter->setClipping(true);
painter->setClipRect(option->rect);
painter->setRenderHint(QPainter::SmoothPixmapTransform);
QPixmap canvas(option->rect.size());
QPainter canvasPainter;
canvas.fill(Qt::transparent);
canvasPainter.begin(&canvas);
canvasPainter.setFont(font());
canvasPainter.drawRect(option->rect.adjusted(0, 0, -1, -1));
canvasPainter.drawText(option->rect, toPlainText());
painter->drawPixmap(0, 0, canvas);
}
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication app(argc,argv);
QGraphicsView view;
auto *t = new MovingFrameText("human");
view.setScene(new QGraphicsScene(&view));
view.setAlignment(Qt::AlignLeft | Qt::AlignTop);
view.setSceneRect(0, 0, 640, 680);
view.scene()->addItem(t);
view.show();
auto *moveAnimation = new QVariantAnimation();
moveAnimation->setDuration(10000);
moveAnimation->setStartValue(QPointF(640, 680));
moveAnimation->setEndValue(QPointF(0, 0));
moveAnimation->start(QAbstractAnimation::DeleteWhenStopped);
QObject::connect(moveAnimation, &QVariantAnimation::valueChanged, [t](const QVariant &value){
t->setPos(value.toPointF());
t->update();
});
return app.exec();
}
#scopchanov answer is a very good one. I added here a solution I tested as well, and seems to work. I will need further time to inspect which one I think is better, but I will leave it here for others to try, if you end with a similar issue.
class MovingFrameText : public QGraphicsTextItem
{
Q_PROPERTY( QPointF pos READ pos WRITE setPosition )
public:
void setPosition(QPointF pos)
{
setPos(floor(pos.x()+0.5),floor(pos.y()+.5) );
}
};

Hide area of QGraphicsItem that is out of boundary

I have a QGraphicsPixmap item in a QGraphicsScene. The item has flags set to ItemIsMovable, and ItemIsSelectable. How do I ensure that when the item is moved out of a certain boundary - it can be a QGraphicsScene or just a fixed frame size at fixed coordinates - the part becomes hidden?
Eg.
The left part of the basketball becomes hidden.
You have to use setClipPath().
In the following code I have created a class that inherits from QGraphicsPixmapItem (the same could do with other classes that inherit from QGraphicsItem) and I created the method setBoundaryPath() that receives a QPainterPath that indicates the visible area, for example in the code use:
QPainterPath path;
path.addRect(QRectF(100, 100, 400, 200));
That QPainterPath is a rectangle whose topleft is the point (100, 100) of the QGraphicsScene with size of 400 in width and 200 in height.
#include <QApplication>
#include <QGraphicsRectItem>
#include <QGraphicsView>
class GraphicsPixmapItem: public QGraphicsPixmapItem{
public:
GraphicsPixmapItem(const QPixmap & pixmap, QGraphicsItem *parent = 0):
QGraphicsPixmapItem(pixmap, parent)
{
setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsMovable, true);
setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemIsSelectable, true);
}
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget){
if(!m_boundaryPath.isEmpty()){
QPainterPath path = mapFromScene(m_boundaryPath);
if(!path.isEmpty())
painter->setClipPath(path);
}
QGraphicsPixmapItem::paint(painter, option, widget);
}
QPainterPath boundaryPath() const{
return m_boundaryPath;
}
void setBoundaryPath(const QPainterPath &boundaryPath){
m_boundaryPath = boundaryPath;
update();
}
private:
QPainterPath m_boundaryPath;
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
QGraphicsView view;
QGraphicsScene scene(0, 0, 600, 400);
view.setScene(&scene);
view.setBackgroundBrush(QBrush(Qt::gray));
GraphicsPixmapItem *p_item = new GraphicsPixmapItem(QPixmap(":/ball.png"));
p_item->setPos(100, 100);
// Define the area that will be visible
QPainterPath path;
path.addRect(QRectF(100, 100, 400, 200));
p_item->setBoundaryPath(path);
scene.addItem(p_item);
// the item is added to visualize the intersection
QGraphicsPathItem *path_item = scene.addPath(path, QPen(Qt::black), QBrush(Qt::white));
path_item->setZValue(-1);
view.show();
return a.exec();
}
You can find the example code in this link.

How can I set the display range of a QGraphicItemGroup?

I have a QGraphicsItemGroup aggregating several child items, and I want to show only part of the group.(not the numbers of child items, area). Just like the image here.
I want to show the display area.
To do that, I have tried the override the QGraphicsItemGroup::boundingRect(). However, nothing have happened. And i find this in QT docs, maybe this is the reason why doesn't work.
The boundingRect() function of QGraphicsItemGroup returns the bounding rectangle of all items in the item group.
Also, I know I can change the size of QGraphicsView to make it work. However I put the View as CentralWidget, as I also need to display other object in the View, I can not change the size of the View.
How can I set the display range of a QGraphicItemGroup?
To perform this task we can overwrite shape() by returning a QPainterPath that defines the visible region, so that it spreads to its children we enable the flag ItemClipsChildrenToShape:
class GraphicsItemGroup: public QGraphicsItemGroup{
public:
GraphicsItemGroup(QGraphicsItem * parent = 0):QGraphicsItemGroup(parent){
setFlag(QGraphicsItem::ItemClipsChildrenToShape, true);
}
QPainterPath shape() const
{
if(mShape.isEmpty())
return QGraphicsItemGroup::shape();
return mShape;
}
void setShape(const QPainterPath &shape){
mShape = shape;
update();
}
private:
QPainterPath mShape;
};
Example:
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
QWidget w;
w.setLayout(new QVBoxLayout);
QGraphicsView view;
QPushButton button("click me");
w.layout()->addWidget(&view);
w.layout()->addWidget(&button);
view.setScene(new QGraphicsScene);
GraphicsItemGroup group;
view.scene()->addItem(&group);
auto ellipse = new QGraphicsEllipseItem(QRectF(0, 0, 100, 100));
ellipse->setBrush(Qt::red);
auto rect = new QGraphicsRectItem(QRect(150, 150, 100, 100));
rect->setBrush(Qt::blue);
group.addToGroup(ellipse);
group.addToGroup(rect);
QObject::connect(&button, &QPushButton::clicked, [&group](){
QPainterPath shape;
if(group.shape().boundingRect() == group.boundingRect()){
shape.addRect(0, 50, 250, 150);
}
group.setShape(shape);
});
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
Output:
The complete example can be found in the following link.

Qt "mousePressEvent" modify the clickable area

I am having a problem with mousePressEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event), indeed the clickable area seems small and off centre to the QGraphicsPixmapItem it is linked to.
The red line is where the QGraphicsPixmapItem is clickable.
How would I centre it and eventually make it bigger and change it's shape ?
Here are the portions of my code that can be useful :
In player.h
class Player:public QObject, public QGraphicsPixmapItem{
Q_OBJECT
public:
Player();
void place_player(int x, int y);
void mousePressEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event);
};
In player.cpp
Player::Player(): QGraphicsPixmapItem(){
}
void Player::place_player(int x,int y)
{
this->setPixmap(QPixmap("test.png"));
this->setPos(x,y);
game->scene->addItem(this);
}
void Player::mousePressEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event)
{
qDebug()<< event;
};
in game.cpp
Game::Game(){
setFixedSize(1600,900);
scene = new QGraphicsScene(this);
scene->setSceneRect(0,0,1600,900);
setScene(scene);
}
void Game::start(){
player1 = new Player();
player1->place_player(300,300);
}
void Game::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event)
{
QGraphicsView::mousePressEvent(event);
}
And finally the main.cpp
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
QApplication a(argc, argv);
game = new Game();
game->show();
game->start();
return a.exec();
}
Thanks a lot for your help
The clickable area of a QGraphicsItem is defined by its boundingRect and shape functions.
I would start by not using QGraphicsPixmapItem. You want a custom graphics item, which has the functionality of signals and slots, so derive from QGraphicsObject.
class Player : public QGraphicsObject
{
};
As we've now derived from this class, we need to override a couple of pure, virtual functions; namely boundingRect, paint
class Player : public QGraphicsObject
{
public:
QRectF boundingRect() const;
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option,QWidget *widget);
};
The boundingRect function defines the object in local coordinates. For an example, let's assume the character will have a width and height of 100. If we set the boundingRect to return (0, 0, 100, 100), this would be oriented about the top left corner. Instead, we want to centre the bounding rect on our Player:
QRectF Player::boundingRect() const
{
return QRectF(-50, -50, 100, 100); // local coordinates, centered on the Player
}
To draw our Player, store a QPixmap in the class
class Player : public QGraphicsObject
{
public:
QRectF boundingRect() const;
void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option,QWidget *widget);
private:
QPixmap m_playerPixmap;
};
I'll assume you know how to load the pixmap and can do that in the constructor of the player.
All we need now is to render the player and we'll also show the clickable area, which is defined by the boundingRect() function: -
void Player::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option,QWidget *widget)
{
// draw the player
painter->drawPixmap(0, 0, m_playerPixmap);
// set the pen to draw debug rect
painter->setPen(QColor(255, 0, 0, 127));
// for debug purposes, show the bounding rect (clickable area)
painter->drawRect(boundingRect());
}
Originally I mentioned that the clickable area is defined by the boundingRect and shape functions. As the Player is of uniform shape (a rectangle), we only care about the boundingRect. In the case of an irregular shape, you would also override the shape function.
How would I centre it and eventually make it bigger and change it's shape ?
Hopefully you now know that to make the Player bigger, it's just a matter of increasing its local coordinates returned in the boundingRect function. So, if we want to double its width and height, we'd do this:
QRectF Player::boundingRect() const
{
return QRectF(-100, -100, 200, 200); // local coordinates, centered on the Player
}
To change its shape, implement the shape() function and to debug, paint the painterPath returned from that function, instead of drawing the boundingRect.
For example, let's have a circular, clickable area.
Assuming you've added the shape declaration to the Player header:
QPainterPath Player::shape() const
{
QPainterPath path;
path.addEllipse(-100, -100, 200, 200);
return path;
}
void Player::paint(QPainter * painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem, QWidget*)
{
// draw the player
painter->drawPixmap(0, 0, m_playerPixmap);
// set the pen to draw debug path
painter->setPen(QColor(255, 0, 0, 127));
// for debug purposes, show the path (clickable area)
painter->drawPath(shape());
}
One final thing to note is that if you're overriding the shape function, you must still implement boundingRect.