I am having some trouble writing this function that will automatically start a stopped instance. Relatively new to this and just playing around.
I am able to start only a single instance by hardcoding the instance ID.
I am trying to filter for any instance with a state that is stopped.
This is my code:
import json
import boto3
region = 'us-east-1'
ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')
instances = ec2.instances.filter(
Filters=[{'Name': 'instance-state-name', 'Values':['stopped']}])
def lambda_handler(event, context):
ec2 = boto3.client('ec2', region_name=region)
ec2.start_instances(InstanceIds=instances)
This Lambda function is trigged by an event.
I am getting an "invalid type for parameter InstanceIds" error. Must be list or tuple. Tried to loop through it but no link. Wondering if there is a simpler way to do this or if you have a suggestion?
You should iterate instances collection to get IDs (instance.id):
all_instance_ids=[]
for instance in instances:
all_instance_ids.append(instance.id)
Related
I am trying to create lambda script using Python3.9 which will return total ec2 servers in AWS account, their status & details. Some of my code snippet is -
def lambda_handler(event, context):
client = boto3.client("ec2")
#s3 = boto3.client("s3")
# fetch information about all the instances
status = client.describe_instances()
for i in status["Reservations"]:
instance_details = i["Instances"][0]
if instance_details["State"]["Name"].lower() in ["shutting-down","stopped","stopping","terminated",]:
print("AvailabilityZone: ", instance_details['AvailabilityZone'])
print("\nInstanceId: ", instance_details["InstanceId"])
print("\nInstanceType: ",instance_details['InstanceType'])
On ruunning this code i get error -
If I comment AZ details, code works fine.If I create a new function with only AZ parameter in it, all AZs are returned. Not getting why it fails in above mentioned code.
In python, its always a best practice to use get method to fetch value from list or dict to handle exception.
AvailibilityZone is actually present in Placement dict and not under instance details. You can check the entire response structure from below boto 3 documentation
Reference
def lambda_handler(event, context):
client = boto3.client("ec2")
#s3 = boto3.client("s3")
# fetch information about all the instances
status = client.describe_instances()
for i in status["Reservations"]:
instance_details = i["Instances"][0]
if instance_details["State"]["Name"].lower() in ["shutting-down","stopped","stopping","terminated",]:
print(f"AvailabilityZone: {instance_details.get('Placement', dict()).get('AvailabilityZone')}")
print(f"\nInstanceId: {instance_details.get('InstanceId')}")
print(f"\nInstanceType: {instance_details.get('InstanceType')}")
The problem is that in response of describe_instances availability zone is not in first level of instance dictionary (in your case instance_details). Availability zone is under Placement dictionary, so what you need is
print(f"AvailabilityZone: {instance_details.get('Placement', dict()).get('AvailabilityZone')}")
I am launching a new ec2 instance with this code:
ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2',
aws_access_key_id=existing_user.access_id,
aws_secret_access_key=existing_user.secret_id,
region_name='eu-west-2')
instance = ec2.create_instances(
ImageId="ami-084e8c05825742534",
MinCount=1,
MaxCount=1,
InstanceType="t2.micro",
KeyName="KeyPair1",
SecurityGroupIds=[
'sg-0f6e6789ff4e7e7c1',
],
)
print('successfully lauched an instance save it to User db')
print(instance[0])
print(type(instance[0]))
the instance variable returns an instance id of the new ec2 instance
which i am printing which output something like this:
ec2.Instance(id='i-03ee6121b4e7846d2')
<class 'boto3.resources.factory.ec2.Instance'>
I am new to python classes and stuff and not able to access/extract the id which i need to save
to my DB.
Can anybody help with this?
The ec2 class has an attribute which you can print like this or save to DB :
print(f'EC2 instance "{ec2.id}"')
So, I have this code, and I will love to grab the public IP address of the new windows instance that will be created when I adjust the desired capacity.
The launch template assigns an automatic tag name when I adjust the desired_capacity. I want to be able to grab the public IP address of that tag name.
import boto3
session = boto3.session.Session()
client = session.client('autoscaling')
def set_desired_capacity(asg_name, desired_capacity):
response = client.set_desired_capacity(
AutoScalingGroupName=asg_name,
DesiredCapacity=desired_capacity,
)
return response
def lambda_handler(event, context):
asg_name = "test"
desired_capacity = 1
return set_desired_capacity(asg_name, desired_capacity)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(lambda_handler("", ""))
I took a look at the EC2 client documentation, and I wasn't sure what to use. I just need help modifying my code
If you know the tag that you are assigning in the autoscaling group, then you can just use a describe_instances method. The Boto3 docs have an example with filtering. Something like this should work, replacing TAG, VALUE, and TOPICARN with the appropriate values.
import boto3
ec2_client = boto3.client('ec2', 'us-west-2')
sns_client = boto3.client('sns', 'us-west-2')
response = ec2_client.describe_instances(
Filters=[
{
'Name': 'tag:TAG',
'Values': [
'VALUE'
]
}
]
)
for reservation in response["Reservations"]:
for instance in reservation["Instances"]:
ip = instance["PublicIpAddress"]
sns_publish = sns_client.publish(
TopicArn='TOPICARN',
Message=ip,
)
print(sns_publish)
Objective:
After an EC2 instance starts
Obtain the IP address
Send a message via Amazon SNS
It can take some time for a Public IP address to be assigned to an Amazon EC2 instance. Rather than continually calling DescribeInstances(), it would be easier to Run commands on your Linux instance at launch - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud via a User Data script.
The script could:
Obtain its Public IP address via Instance metadata and user data - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud:
IP=$(curl 169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-ipv4)
Send a message to an Amazon SNS topic with:
aws sns publish --topic-arn xxx --message $IP
If you also want the message to include a name from a tag associated with the instance, the script will need to call aws ec2 describe-instances with its own Instance ID (which can be obtained via the Instance Metadata) and then extra the name from the tags returned.
I am using below code to launch EC2 instance
import boto3
client = boto3.client('ec2',region_name='us-east-1')
resp = client.run_instances(ImageId='ami-01e3b8c3a51e88954',
InstanceType='t2.micro',
MinCount=1,MaxCount=1)
for instance in resp['Instances']:
print(instance['InstanceId'])
This code is working.But my requirement now is to launch the instance in multiple regions at a time.
Can anyone suggest how to achieve this ?
First, you would need to find the ami ID's for each region. AMI's are not cross-region, therefore, for each region you should find the AMI ID's.
Then you would do something like:
import boto3
regions = {
'us-east-1': 'ami-01e3b8c3a51e88954',
'eu-west-1': 'ami-XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX',
}
for region in regions:
region_client = boto3.client('ec2', region_name=region)
resp = region_client.run_instances(ImageId=regions[region],
InstanceType='t2.micro',
MinCount=1, MaxCount=1)
for instance in resp['Instances']:
print(instance['InstanceId'])
I am trying to execute the following code
def createSecurityGroup(self, securitygroupname):
conn = boto3.resource('ec2')
response = conn.create_security_group(GroupName=securitygroupname, Description = 'test')
VPC_NAT_SecurityObject = createSecurityGroup("mysecurity_group")
response_egress_all = VPC_NAT_SecurityObject.authorize_egress(
IpPermissions=[{'IpProtocol': '-1'}])
and getting the below exception
EXCEPTION :
An error occurred (InvalidParameterValue) when calling the AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress operation: Only Amazon VPC security
groups may be used with this operation.
I tried several different combinations but not able to set the protocol to all . I used '-1' as explained in the boto3 documentation. Can somebody pls suggest how to get this done.
(UPDATE)
1.boto3.resource("ec2") class actually a high level class wrap around the client class. You must create an extract class instantiation using boto3.resource("ec2").Vpc in order to attach to specific VPC ID e.g.
import boto3
ec2_resource = boto3.resource("ec2")
myvpc = ec2_resource.Vpc("vpc-xxxxxxxx")
response = myvpc.create_security_group(
GroupName = securitygroupname,
Description = 'test')
2.Sometime it is straightforward to use boto3.client("ec2") If you check boto3 EC2 client create_security_group, you will see this:
response = client.create_security_group(
DryRun=True|False,
GroupName='string',
Description='string',
VpcId='string'
)
If you use automation script/template to rebuild the VPC, e.g. salt-cloud, you need give the VPC a tag name in order to acquire it automatically from boto3 script. This will save all the hassle when AWS migrate all the AWS resources ID from 8 alphanumeric to 12 or 15 character.
Another option is using cloudformation that let you put everything and specify variable in a template to recreate the VPC stack.