Got an 'Undefined Symbols' error when compiling .cpp file with ginac - c++

Question

I'm using gcc(version 11) to compile my .cpp file, and the code is below, which is copied from the official website of ginac.
#include <iostream>
#include <ginac/ginac.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace GiNaC;
int main()
{
symbol x("x"), y("y");
ex poly;
for (int i=0; i<3; ++i)
poly += factorial(i+16)*pow(x,i)*pow(y,2-i);
cout << poly << endl;
return 0;
}
I used the compiling command like this:
gcc-11 -lstdc++ -lginac -lcln hello.cpp -o hello -I /usr/local/include -L /usr/local/lib
After that, I got some errors like this:
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"__ZN5GiNaC12archive_node6add_exERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEERKNS_2exE", referenced from:
__ZNK5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE7archiveERNS_12archive_nodeE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZN5GiNaC5basic12read_archiveERKNS_12archive_nodeERNS_9containerINSt7__cxx114listEEE", referenced from:
__ZN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE12read_archiveERKNS_12archive_nodeERNS0_INSt7__cxx114listEEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZN5GiNaC6symbolC1ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE", referenced from:
_main in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE8reg_infoE", referenced from:
__ZN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE21get_class_info_staticEv in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZN5GiNaClsERSoRKNS_2exE", referenced from:
_main in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC12archive_node14find_ex_by_locEN9__gnu_cxx17__normal_iteratorIPKNS0_8propertyESt6vectorIS3_SaIS3_EEEERNS_2exERNS_9containerINSt7__cxx114listEEE", referenced from:
__ZN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE12read_archiveERKNS_12archive_nodeERNS0_INSt7__cxx114listEEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC12archive_node19find_property_rangeERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEES8_", referenced from:
__ZN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE12read_archiveERKNS_12archive_nodeERNS0_INSt7__cxx114listEEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC5basic10eval_ncmulERKSt6vectorINS_2exESaIS2_EE", referenced from:
__ZTVN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC5basic11to_rationalERSt3mapINS_2exES2_NS_10ex_is_lessESaISt4pairIKS2_S2_EEE", referenced from:
__ZTVN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC5basic13contract_withEN9__gnu_cxx17__normal_iteratorIPNS_2exESt6vectorIS3_SaIS3_EEEES8_RS7_", referenced from:
__ZTVN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC5basic13to_polynomialERSt3mapINS_2exES2_NS_10ex_is_lessESaISt4pairIKS2_S2_EEE", referenced from:
__ZTVN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC5basic14subs_one_levelERKSt3mapINS_2exES2_NS_10ex_is_lessESaISt4pairIKS2_S2_EEEj", referenced from:
__ZNK5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE4subsERKSt3mapINS_2exES4_NS_10ex_is_lessESaISt4pairIKS4_S4_EEEj in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC5basic5matchERKNS_2exERSt3mapIS1_S1_NS_10ex_is_lessESaISt4pairIS2_S1_EEE", referenced from:
__ZTVN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC5basic6normalERSt3mapINS_2exES2_NS_10ex_is_lessESaISt4pairIKS2_S2_EEES9_RNS_9containerINSt7__cxx114listEEE", referenced from:
__ZTVN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorEE in ccEkVJyo.o
"__ZNK5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorE4infoEj", referenced from:
__ZTVN5GiNaC9containerISt6vectorEE in ccEkVJyo.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I know that Undefined Symbols error often comes up because of the link error, but the detailed error messages looks like that these errors are from ginac itself.
I have tried different orders of these -l parameters, but the errors always exist.
I tried clang instead of gcc to compile this file and it works. So I guess I do install the ginac library correctly. But I'm still confused about these errors when using gcc.
Has anyone met this problem?
I would be very appreciate if anyone could give me some advice!

Answer 1

I also had issues using:
gcc-11 -lstdc++ -lginac -lcln hello.cpp -o hello -I /usr/local/include -L /usr/local/lib
but it did work with:
g++ -o hello hello.cpp `pkg-config --cflags --libs ginac`