Consider the following Opium web application that has two routes: / and /greetings/:name/:flowers. In /, there is a navigation bar that links to a URL handled by the other route (e.g. /greetings/foobar/99). The problem is: how do I generate the URL for that other route without manually hardcoding its URL? If possible, I also want to avoid the use of string concatenation for building URLs.
In other words, I am looking for something similar to Ruby on Rails' ActionView::Helpers::UrlHelper#link_to or Django's django.urls.reverse(), which are able to generate URLs from routes.
open Opium
let index_handler _req =
let open Tyxml.Html in
html
(head (title (txt "Index")) [])
(body [nav [ul [
li [a ~a:[a_href "/"] [txt "Index"]];
(* ATTENTION. How do I avoid hardcoding the following URL? *)
li [a ~a:[a_href "/greetings/foobar/99"] [txt "Greetings"]];
]]])
|> Response.of_html
|> Lwt.return
let greetings_handler req =
let name = Router.param req "name" in
let flowers = Router.param req "flowers" in
"Hello, " ^ name ^ "!\n" ^
"You get " ^ flowers ^ " flowers."
|> Response.of_plain_text
|> Lwt.return
let _ =
App.empty
|> App.get "/" index_handler
|> App.get "/greetings/:name/:flowers" greetings_handler
|> App.run_command
OCaml version: 4.08.1; Opium version: 0.20.0.
Related
I am trying to write a simple Dream application that will handle routing by simply serving an HTML file associated with the route parameter.
I tried doing it with this code:
let serve_file dir request =
Dream.from_filesystem dir ((Dream.param request "file") ^ ".html")
let () =
Dream.run
## Dream.logger
## Dream.router [
Dream.get "/" (Dream.from_filesystem "html" "index.html");
Dream.get "/:file" (serve_file "html")
]
I am not sure why this isn't working, I get a type error that stumps me even more as well:
This expression has type Dream.request -> Dream.handler, but an expression was expected of
type: Dream.handler = Dream.request -> Dream.response Lwt.t
How can this be the case when the first get is accepting (Dream.from_filesystem)?
You need to send the request to the from_filesystem handler when defining the serve_file handler:
let serve_file dir request =
Dream.from_filesystem
dir
(Dream.param request "file" ^ ".html")
request
In finch, we can define router, request parameters, request body like this.
case class Test(name: String, age: Int)
val router: Endpoint[Test] = post("hello") { Ok(Test("name", 30)) }
val requestBody: Endpoint[Test] = body.as[Test]
val requestParameters: Endpoint[Test] = Endpoint.derive[Test].fromParams
The benefit is that we can compose EndPoint together. For example, I can define:
The request path is hello and Parameter should have name and age. (router :: requestParameters)
However, I can still run an invalid endpoint which doesnt include any request path successfully (There is actually no compilation error)
Await.ready(Http.serve(":3000", requestParameters.toService))
The result is returning 404 not found page. Even though I expect that the error should report earlier like compilation error. I wonder that is this a design drawback or it is actually finch trying to fix ?
Many thanks in advance
First of all, thanks a lot for asking this!
Let me give you some insight on how Finch's endpoints work. If you speak category theory, an Endpoint is an Applicative embedding StateT represented as something close to Input => Option[(Input, A)].
Simply speaking, an endpoint takes an Input that wraps an HTTP request and also captures the current path (eg: /foo/bar/baz). When endpoint is applied on to a given request and either matches it (returning Some) or falls over (returning None). When matched, it changes the state of the Input, usually removing the first path segment from it (eg: removing foo from /foo/bar/baz) so the next endpoint is the chain can work with a new Input (and new path).
Once endpoint is matched, Finch checks if there is something else left in the Input that wasn't matched. If something is left, the match considered unsuccessful and your service returns 404.
scala> val e = "foo" :: "bar"
e: io.finch.Endpoint[shapeless.HNil] = foo/bar
scala> e(Input(Request("/foo/bar/baz"))).get._1.path
res1: Seq[String] = List(baz)
When it comes to endpoints matching/extracting query-string params, no path segments are being touched there and the state is passed to the next endpoint unchanged. So when an endpoint param("foo") is applied, the path is not affected. That simply means, the only way to serve a query-string endpoint (note: an endpoint that only extract query-string params) is to send it a request with empty path /.
scala> val s = param("foo").toService
s: com.twitter.finagle.Service[com.twitter.finagle.http.Request,com.twitter.finagle.http.Response] = <function1>
scala> s(Request("/", "foo" -> "bar")).get
res4: com.twitter.finagle.http.Response = Response("HTTP/1.1 Status(200)")
scala> s(Request("/bar", "foo" -> "bar")).get
res5: com.twitter.finagle.http.Response = Response("HTTP/1.1 Status(404)")
I'm trying to test Nancy modules with F# as described here, the thing is I can't see how to pass the second parameter in F#.
Here's what I have so far:
let should_return_status_ok_for_get() =
let bootstrapper = new DefaultNancyBootstrapper()
let browser = new Browser(bootstrapper, fun req -> req.Accept(new Responses.Negotiation.MediaRange("application/json")))
let result = browser.Get("/Menu", fun req -> req.HttpRequest())
Assert.AreEqual (HttpStatusCode.OK, result.StatusCode)
result
in the example, I should be able to instantiate a Browser object to test a specific Module:
var browser = new Browser(with => with.Module(new MySimpleModule()));
But I get a compile time error in F# when I try:
let browser = new Browser(fun req -> req.Module(new MenuModule()))
EDIT Error: No overloads match for method 'Browser'
Are there any examples of this in F#?
Also, is this the best way to go about this in F#?
This is how I run Nancy tests in F#:
I create a new bootstrapper in my test project by deriving from the DefaultNancyBootstrapper. I use this bootstrapper to register my mocks:
type Bootstrapper() =
inherit DefaultNancyBootstrapper()
override this.ConfigureApplicationContainer(container : TinyIoCContainer) =
base.ConfigureApplicationContainer(container)
container.Register<IMyClass, MyMockClass>() |> ignore
Then I write a simple test method to execute a GET request like so:
[<TestFixture>]
type ``Health Check Tests`` () =
[<Test>]
member test.``Given the service is healthy the health check endpoint returns a HTTP 200 response with status message "Everything is OK"`` () =
let bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper()
let browser = new Browser(bootstrapper)
let result = browser.Get("/healthcheck")
let healthCheckResponse = JsonSerializer.deserialize<HealthCheckResponse> <| result.Body.AsString()
result.StatusCode |> should equal HttpStatusCode.OK
healthCheckResponse.Message |> should equal "Everything is OK"
Let me know if this helps!
I want to create a service who generates its HTML according to the parameter given and a map. Given the parameter, the service search in the map for the html, and a function to launch on client side.
type sample =
(string (* little text *)*
Html5_types.html Eliom_content.Html5.elt (* html page *) *
(unit -> unit)(* Demonstration function *))
Given that the function is to be launched on client side, I insert it in the map as a client value :
{client{
let demo_function = ignore (Ojquery.add_html
(Ojquery.jQ "li") "<p id='test1'>new paragraph</p>") }}
let get_samples () =
let samples_map = Samples.empty in
let samples_map = Samples.add "add_html"
("text",
(Eliom_tools.F.html
(** html stuff **)
),
{unit->unit{demo_function}}) samples_map in
samples_map
And then I register the service like this :
let sample_service =
Eliom_service.service
~path:["examples"]
~get_params:Eliom_parameter.(string "entry")
()
let () =
Examples_app.register
~service:sample_service
(fun (entry) () ->
try
(let entry = Samples.find entry samples_map in
let html = ((function (name, html, func) -> html) entry) in
let func = ((function (name, html, func) -> func) entry) in
ignore {unit{%func ()}};
Lwt.return (html))
with Not_found -> Lwt.return (not_found)
)
The rest of the code is pretty much only the result of a classic eliom-distillery, with the inclusion of the ojquery package for the client function used.
The compilation phase goes smoothly, but when I try to launch the server, I get the following error message :
ocsigenserver: main: Fatal - Error in configuration file: Error while parsing configuration file: Eliom: while loading local/lib/examples/examples.cma: Failure("That function cannot be called here because it needs information about the request or the site.")
My first guess was that it is due to the fact that I store client values outside of a service, but is there any way to store this kind of values on the server?
I tried to wrap them in regular functions :
let demo_serv_func () = {unit{demo_client_func ()}}
But the problem remained...
I found the issue. The problem was not because I stored client functions, but because I used Eliom_tools.F.html outside of a service.
It happens that Eliom_tools needs the context of the service to function, and since I was storing it outside of the service, it could not work.
I solved the issue by using Eliom_tools inside the service, and storing the body of the HTML page in the map.
I'm trying to write a bot pulling some data which is only available to authenticated users. I settled for ocaml (v. 3.12.1) and ocamlnet (v. 3.6.5). The first part of the script sends a POST request to the website and by the html I receive back, I can tell that the authentication worked (p1 and p2's values in this code sample are obviously not the ones I'm using).
open Http_client
open Nethttp
let pipeline = new pipeline
let () =
let post_call = new post
"http://www.kraland.org/main.php?p=1&a=100"
[("p1", "username");
("p2", "password");
("Submit", "Ok!")]
in
pipeline#add post_call;
pipeline#run();
Then I extract the cookies where the php session id, the account name, a hash of the password, etc. are stored, put them in the header of the next request and run it. And this is where I run into troubles: I systematically get the boring page every anonymous visitor gets.
let cookies = Header.get_set_cookie post_call#response_header in
let get_call = new get "http://www.kraland.org/main.php?p=1" in
let header = get_call#request_header `Base in
Header.set_set_cookie header cookies;
pipeline#add get_call;
pipeline#run();
When I print the content of the cookies, I do get something weird: I would expect the domain of the cookies to be kraland.org but it does not seem to be the case. This is the printing command I use together with the output:
List.iter (fun c -> Printf.printf "%.0f [%s%s:%b] %s := %s\n"
(match c.cookie_expires with None -> -1. | Some f -> f)
(match c.cookie_domain with None -> "" | Some s -> s)
(match c.cookie_path with None -> "" | Some s -> s)
c.cookie_secure c.cookie_name c.cookie_value)
cookies;
-1 [/:false] PHPSESSID := 410b97b0536b3e949df17edd44965926
1372719625 [:false] login := username
1372719625 [:false] id := myid
1372719625 [:false] password := fbCK/0M+blFRLx3oDp+24bHlwpDUy7x885sF+Q865ms=
1372719625 [:false] pc_id := 872176495311
Edit: I had a go at the problem using Haskell's Http-conduit-browser and it works like a charm using something very much like the doc's example.