I'm pretty much a novice when it comes to coding.
I'm trying to visualize a game in C++ using Matlab.
The makefile was partially given as part of the exercise.
I tried fixing the problem by using this: https://de.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_external/custom-linking-to-required-api-libraries.html
The code works but when trying to implement the "GUI" this error comes up:
dyld[45987]: Library not loaded: #rpath/libMatlabEngine.dylib
Reason: tried: '/Applications/MATLAB_R2020a.app/bin/maci64/libMatlabEngine.dylib' (no such file), '/Applications/MATLAB_R2020a.app/sys/os/maci64/libMatlabEngine.dylib' (no such file), '/libMatlabEngine.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/local/lib/libMatlabEngine.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libMatlabEngine.dylib' (no such file)
MATLAB_ROOT=/Applications/MATLAB_R2020a.app
Gpp=g++
LD=g++
CPPFLAGS=-MMD -MP -std=c++11 -Wpedantic \
-I ${MATLAB_ROOT}/extern/include/ -pthread
LDFLAGS=-L ${MATLAB_ROOT}/extern/bin/maci64/ -pthread
LDLIBS=-lMatlabDataArray -lMatlabEngine
srcs = $(wildcard *.cpp)
objs = $(srcs:.cpp=.o)
deps = $(srcs:.cpp=.d)
targets = viergewinnt
default: viergewinnt
run: viergewinnt
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\
${MATLAB_ROOT}extern/bin/maci64:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} \
./viergewinnt
viergewinnt: viergewinnt.o cviergewinnt.o cviergewinntGUI.o
$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $# $^ $(LDLIBS)
%.o: %.cpp
$(Gpp) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $#
.PHONY: clean
clean:
$(RM) $(targets) $(objs) $(deps) *~
-include $(deps)
Related
I'm new on using Makefiles because I've been programming with VS2019 on Windows, solving all my compilation and linking problems.
This is the result:
BUILD_DIR:= ./build
SRC_DIRS := ./src
INCL_DIR := ./includes
CC := /usr/bin/g++ #Compiler used
LVERSION := -std=c++17 #Language Version
CXXFLAGS := -g #Cpp flags
CFLAGS := -Wall #Compiler Flags
LFLAGS := -lstdc++fs #Linker Flags
SRCS := Audio.cpp Song.cpp Visual.cpp VisualSong.cpp
LIBS :=
INCLUDES := $(SRCS:%.cpp=$(INCL_DIR)/%.h)
OBJS := $(SRCS:%.cpp=$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o)
PROG := progName.exe
progName: $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $(INCLUDES) $(PROG) $(OBJS)
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: $(INCL_DIR)/%.h $(SRC_DIRS)/%.cpp
$(CC) ${CFLAGS} $(CXXFLAGS) $(LVERSION) ${LFLAGS} -c $^
.PHONY: progName
clean:
/bin/rm -rf build/*.o $(PROG) includes/*.gch
This makefile works until is trying to look on objects file, supposedly created on build directory but, in the end, they're created in Makefile's directory, which is an inconvenient since all what i want is to have separated files for organization purposes.
I know that somehow using implicit rules that are using the dst's directory should do the trick, but i think that I'm missing something on the way...
I'm on a Windows 10 machine with WSL for Ubuntu, but this shouldn't be a problem at all for this problem.
Could anyone explain to me what am I missing?
Look at this rule:
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: $(INCL_DIR)/%.h $(SRC_DIRS)/%.cpp
$(CC) ${CFLAGS} $(CXXFLAGS) $(LVERSION) ${LFLAGS} -c $^
Ostensibly it is the rule to build build/foo.o, but the recipe ($(CC)...) actually builds foo.o. There is an easy fix:
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: $(INCL_DIR)/%.h $(SRC_DIRS)/%.cpp
$(CC) ${CFLAGS} $(CXXFLAGS) $(LVERSION) ${LFLAGS} -c $^ -o $#
Once that works I suggest you make one further change:
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: $(SRC_DIRS)/%.cpp $(INCL_DIR)/%.h
$(CC) ${CFLAGS} $(CXXFLAGS) $(LVERSION) ${LFLAGS} -c $< -o $#
GNU Make 3.82
gcc 4.7.2
c89
I have the following make file:
INC_PATH=-I/home/dev_tools/apr/include/apr-1
LIB_PATH=-L/home/dev_tools/apr/lib
LIBS=-lapr-1 -laprutil-1
RUNTIME_PATH=-Wl,-rpath,/home/dev_tools/apr/lib
CC=gcc
CFLAGS=-Wall -Wextra -g -m32 -O2 -D_DEBUG -D_THREAD_SAFE -D_REENTRANT -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE $(INC_PATH)
SOURCES=$(wildcard src/*.c)
OBJECTS=$(patsubst %.c, %.o, $(SOURCES))
EXECUTABLE=bin/to
all: build $(EXECUTABLE)
$(EXECUTABLE): $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $# $(RUNTIME_PATH) $(OBJECTS) $(LIB_PATH) $(LIBS)
$(OBJECTS): $(SOURCES)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $(SOURCES) $(LIB_PATH) $(LIBS)
build:
#mkdir -p bin
clean:
rm -rf $(EXECUTABLE) $(OBJECTS) bin
find . -name "*~" -exec rm {} \;
find . -name "*.o" -exec rm {} \;
My directory structure is like this project/src project/bin. My Makefile is in the project (root) folder, and all my *.h and *.c are in the src directory. Currently I have only one source file called timeout.c
I get this error:
gcc: error: src/timeout.o: No such file or directory
I have used this to get all the source files:
SOURCES=$(wildcard src/*.c)
And the object files:
OBJECTS=$(patsubst %.c, %.o, $(SOURCES))
However, the make seems to create the object file in the project root folder where the Makefile is. Should it not put it in the src directory?
You have two problems in this rule (well, three):
$(OBJECTS): $(SOURCES)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $(SOURCES) $(LIB_PATH) $(LIBS)
You haven't noticed yet, but the rule makes each object dependent on all sources, and tries to build that way. Not a problem as long as you have only one source. Easy to fix with a static pattern rule and an automatic variable:
$(OBJECTS): src/%.o : src/%.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< $(LIB_PATH) $(LIBS)
Also, the command ("$(CC)...") doesn't specify an output file name, so gcc will infer it from the source file name; if you give it src/timeout.c, it will produce timeout.o (in the working directory, project/). So you should specify the desired path to the output file. Easy to do with another automatic variable:
$(OBJECTS): src/%.o : src/%.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< $(LIB_PATH) $(LIBS) -o $#
Use gcc's -o option to write the output file to a particular location. For instance, you could say:
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $(SOURCES) $(LIB_PATH) $(LIBS) -o $(OBJECTS)
Unfortunately, there's a problem with this line: if there is more than one source file in $(SOURCES), it won't work, since $(OBJECTS) will also contain multiple file names, and the -o option only binds to the first argument.
A way to compile each file in a list of source code files is to use implicit rules. In gmake, you would write:
$(EXECUTABLE): $(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $# $(RUNTIME_PATH) $(OBJECTS) $(LIB_PATH) $(LIBS)
%.o : %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $#
where $< is replaced with name of the input file and $# is replaced with the name out the output file.
I solved this request and here is my Makefile and directory tree.
PROJECT := main.exe
DIR_SRC += .
DIR_SRC += ./src
DIR_INC += -lpthread
DIR_INC += -I./inc
DIR_INC += $(addprefix -I, $(DIR_SRC))
SRC_C += $(wildcard $(addsuffix /*.c, $(DIR_SRC)))
#OBJ := $(filter %.o, $(SRC_C:.c=.o))
OBJ := $(patsubst %.c, %.o, $(SRC_C))
EXE := $(PROJECT)
CC_PREFIX :=
CC := $(CC_PREFIX)gcc
CFLAG =
CLIB = -L .
.PHONY:all
all:$(OBJ) $(EXE)
%.o: %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAG) $(DIR_INC) -c $< -o $#
$(EXE): $(OBJ)
$(CC) $(CFLAG) $(CLIB) $(OBJ) -o $#
clean:
rm -r $(EXE) $(OBJ)
See my directory tree:
I Just started fooling around using Google Protocol Buffers and I am trying to incorporate the C++ output files from the protocol buffer compiler into my project. I have Been using a simple makefile for my projects so far and it does the trick for building source files all sharing the same extension. I use ".cpp" for my source files but Google Protocol Buffers outputs its source as ".pb.cc" files. I need to be able to compile and link both types of source files into one executable.
I have been searching and fiddling around with my makefile for a few hours now and have had no success.
My Current Makefile:
PROGRAM_NAME=aserv
CC=gcc
CXX=g++
RM=rm -f
CPPFLAGS=-g --std=c++14 -O3 -I/usr/local/include/
LDFLAGS=-g -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib/boost
LDLIBS= -lrtaudio -pthread -lboost_system -lprotobuf
INSTALL_DIR = /usr/local/bin/
SRCS=$(wildcard *.cpp)
OBJS=$(subst .cpp,.o,$(SRCS))
all: $(PROGRAM_NAME)
$(PROGRAM_NAME): $(OBJS)
$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(PROGRAM_NAME) $(OBJS) $(LDLIBS)
depend: .depend
.depend: $(SRCS)
rm -f ./.depend
$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) -MM $^>>./.depend;
clean:
$(RM) $(OBJS) $(PROGRAM_NAME) .depend
install:
cp $(PROGRAM_NAME) $(INSTALL_DIR)$(PROGRAM_NAME)
uninstall:
$(RM) $(INSTALL_DIR)$(PROGRAM_NAME)
dist-clean: clean
$(RM) *~ .depend
include .depend
I am not too well versed in writing makefiles yet, so I just don't quite know what to do to make this work.
If it helps i have GNU make 4.1 and gcc 5.3.1 on Ubuntu 16.04 beta
I couldnt get your original Makefile to work so I changed a few things but I think the tricky part with this is the implicit rules that make generates to build your .o files. I think for the .pb.cc files you need to generate .pb.o objects so that the implicit rules can match them.
Try this:
PROGRAM_NAME = aserv
CC = gcc
CXX = g++
RM = rm -f
CXXFLAGS = --std=c++14 -pthread -g -O3 -MMD -MP
CPPFLAGS = -I/usr/local/include/
LDFLAGS = -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib/boost
LDLIBS = -lrtaudio -lboost_system -lprotobuf
INSTALL_DIR = /usr/local/bin
SRCS = $(wildcard *.cpp) $(wildcard *.pb.cc)
OBJS = $(subst .pb.cc,.pb.o,$(subst .cpp,.o,$(SRCS)))
DEPS = $(subst .pb.cc,.pb.d,$(subst .cpp,.d,$(SRCS)))
all: $(PROGRAM_NAME)
$(PROGRAM_NAME): $(OBJS)
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -o $# $^ $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS)
-include $(DEPS)
clean:
$(RM) $(OBJS) $(PROGRAM_NAME)
install:
cp $(PROGRAM_NAME) $(INSTALL_DIR)
uninstall:
$(RM) $(INSTALL_DIR)/$(PROGRAM_NAME)
dist-clean: clean
$(RM) *~ $(DEPS)
If you wanto to only strictly rely on Make, and not the surrounding shell you can add another set of SRC and OBJ variables, which will serve as a second set of dependencies.
Add these right below the first set:
SRC1=$(wildcard *.pb.cc)
OBJ1=$(subst .pb.cc,.o,$(SRC1))
And change the .depend and $(PROGRAM_NAME) rule:
.depend: $(SRCS) $(SRC1)
$(PROGRAM_NAME): $(OBJS) $(OBJ1)
$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) $^ $(LDLIBS) -o $#
%.o: %.c
$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(ALL_CPPFLAGS) -c -o $# $<
I have the following makefile:
CC=g++
CCOPTS=-Wall -Wextra -g
OBJS = manager.o tcpcon.o
TARGETS = manager
.PHONY: all clean
$(TARGETS) : $(OBJS)
$(CC) -o $# $^ $(CFLAGS) $(LIBS)
all: $(TARGETS) $(OBJS)
clean:
rm -f $(TARGETS) $(OBJS)
%: %.cpp
$(CC) $(CCOPTS) -o $# $<
Is there a way I can make my .o and bin files be built into a directory called build? I tried going through some tutorials, but I guess I just don't fully understand makefiles..
Don't feel too bad; I'm not sure anyone fully understands makefiles.
BUILD_DIR = build
OBJS = $(BUILD_DIR)/manager.o $(BUILD_DIR)/tcpcon.o
TARGETS = $(BUILD_DIR)/manager
...
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.cpp
$(CC) -c $(CCOPTS) -o $# $<
(On Linux, trying to set up SDL) I'm having a time with makefiles, I'm finding them hard to learn. Here is the error I'm getting.
g++: error: game.exe: No such file or directory
make: *** [game.exe] Error 1
Here is my makefile. (Any suggestions on making it better would be great. I've just kind of slapped together whatever I could find to work.)
#Game Make file
TARGET = game.exe
OBJS = App.o\
App_OnInit.o\
App_OnEvent.o\
App_OnLoop.o\
App_OnRender.o \
App_OnCleanup.o\
SDL_CFLAGS := $(shell sdl-config --cflags)
SDL_LDFLAGS := $(shell sdl-config --libs)
CFLAGS = -Wall -o
LIBS =
LDFLAGS =
$(TARGET): $(OBJS)
g++ $(CFLAGS) $(SDL_CFLAGS) $# $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJS) $(SDL_LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
%.o: src/%.cpp
g++ -c $(SDL_CFLAGS) $< $(SDL_LDFLAGS)
.PHONY: clean
clean:
rm -f $(TARGET) $(OBJS)
You could either exchange $(CFLAGS) and $(SDL_CFLAGS) in the rule to make $(TARGET) or better remove -o from CFLAGS and put it directly before $#:
...
CFLAGS = -Wall
...
$(TARGET): $(OBJS)
g++ $(CFLAGS) $(SDL_CFLAGS) -o $# $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJS) $(SDL_LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
-o option should immediately precede the name of the executable file to be produced. In your original Makefile it is part of $(CFLAGS) and is followed by the C flags of the SDL library. Therefore the compiler tries to link in game.exe (the $#) instead of producing an executable file by that name.