Django ownership assignment to modify or delete entries - django

Question

First post here. I followed the project code in the Python Crash Course book, so if the code looks similiar that is why.
In my django project, I want all the users to be able to view everything on the website. However, I want to have only the users who entered information in the entries to be able to edit and delete said entries. I know I need to assign ownership, but I'm having difficulty assigning it. currently I have a default setting enabled. For some reason if I take out the default it messes everything up.
urls.py
"""Defines URL patterns for research_topic_database."""
# research_topic_database
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'research_topic_database'
urlpatterns = [
# Home page
path('', views.index, name='index'),
# Page that shows all the research category topics.
path('topics/', views.topics, name='topics'),
# Detail page for a single research entry submission.
path('topics/<int:topic_id>/', views.topic, name='topic'),
# Page for adding a new research entry submission.
path('new_entry/<int:topic_id>/', views.new_entry, name='new_entry'),
# Page for editing an entry.
path('edit_entry/<int:entry_id>/', views.edit_entry, name='edit_entry'),
]
models.py
class Topic(models.Model):
"""A research category for topic submissions to fall under."""
category = models.CharField(max_length=19, choices=CATEGORY_CHOICES, blank=True)
date_added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
def __str__(self):
"""Return a string representation of the model."""
return self.category
class Entry(models.Model):
"""Entry information about a research topic."""
topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
classification = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=CLASSIFICTION_CHOICES, blank=True)
# The research_title identifies the entry in the database.
research_title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
research_topic_description = models.CharField(max_length=200)
# Explain the USMC requirements you want the research to fulfill.
extended_topic_description = models.TextField()
desired_objectives = models.TextField()
sponsor = models.CharField(max_length=100)
point_of_contact = models.CharField(max_length=100)
mailing_address = models.CharField(max_length=200)
email_address = models.CharField(max_length=50)
phone = models.CharField(max_length=12)
fax = models.CharField(max_length=12)
desired_completion_date = models.CharField(max_length=12)
available_funding = models.CharField(max_length=50)
comments = models.TextField()
date_added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
# connecting research entries to certain Users.
owner = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=1)
# owner = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
# owner = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'entries'
def __str__(self):
"""Return a string representation of the model."""
return f"{self.research_title[:100]}..."
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.http import Http404
from .models import Topic, Entry
from .forms import EntryForm
def index(request):
"""The home page for research_topic_database."""
return render(request, 'research_topic_database/index.html')
#login_required
def topics(request):
"""Show all research categories from TOPIC class."""
topics = Topic.objects.order_by('date_added')
context = {'topics': topics}
return render(request, 'research_topic_database/topics.html', context)
#login_required
def topic(request, topic_id):
"""Show a single research category from TOPIC class
and all its submission entries."""
topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)
entries = topic.entry_set.order_by('-date_added')
context = {'topic': topic, 'entries': entries}
return render(request, 'research_topic_database/topic.html', context)
#login_required
def new_entry(request, topic_id):
"""Add a new entry submission under a research category."""
topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)
if request.method != 'POST':
# No data submitted; create a blank form.
form = EntryForm()
else:
# POST data submitted; process data.
form = EntryForm(data=request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
new_entry = form.save(commit=False)
new_entry.topic = topic
new_entry.save()
return redirect('research_topic_database:topic', topic_id=topic_id)
# Display a blank or invalid form
context = {'topic': topic, 'form': form}
return render(request, 'research_topic_database/new_entry.html', context)
#login_required
def edit_entry(request, entry_id):
"""Edit an existing research entry submission."""
entry = Entry.objects.get(id=entry_id)
topic = entry.topic
if request.method != 'POST':
# Initial request, pre-fill form with current entry.
form = EntryForm(instance=entry)
else:
# POST data submitted; process data.
form = EntryForm(instance=entry, data=request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return redirect('research_topic_database:topic', topic_id=topic.id)
context = {'entry': entry, 'topic': topic, 'form': form}
return render(request, 'research_topic_database/edit_entry.html', context)