Creating variables from macro variables with increasing index in SAS - sas

I am trying to create variables from macro variables with increasing index in a SAS macro but I am getting missing values for variables aa_index and I am getting 0 values for bb_index which should not bethe case. Please help with how I can adjust my macro to work properly. My SAS macro is shown below;
%macro cashflow_macro(index=,aa_1=,aa_2=,aa_3=,aa_4=,);
/*create bb fields*/
%put bb_1 = &aa_&index - &aa_(&index+1);
%put bb_2 = &aa_(&index+1) - &aa_(&index+2);
%put bb_3 = &aa_(&index+2) - &aa_(&index+3);
/*create cc fields*/
cc_1 = max(bb_1,0);
cc_2 = max(bb_2,0);
cc_3 = max(bb_3,0);
%mend;
data ccc;
%cashflow_macro(index=1,aa_1=400,aa_2=300,aa_3=250,aa_4=270);
run;

Taking this mostly out of macros and into arrays which are much more efficient.
%macro cashflow_macro(index=,aa_1=,aa_2=,aa_3=,aa_4=,);
*create variable with index - 1 for other variables;
%let index1 = %eval(&index - 1);
*declare arrays;
array _aa (*) aa_1-aa_&index (
%do i=1 %to &index;
&&&aa_&i.
%end;
);
array _bb(*) bb_1 - bb_&index1;
array _cc(*) cc_1 - cc_&index1;
*calculations;
do i=1 to &index1;
_bb(i) = _aa(i) - _aa(i+1);
_cc(i) = max(_bb(i), 0);
end;
%mend;
data ccc;
%cashflow_macro(index=4,aa_1=400,aa_2=300,aa_3=250,aa_4=270);
run;
And a possibly more simplified version:
%macro cashflow_macro_revised(series=);
*create variable with index - 1 for other variables;
%let index = %sysfunc(countw(&series));
%let index1 = %eval(&index - 1);
*declare arrays;
array _aa (*) aa_1-aa_&index (&series);
array _bb(*) bb_1 - bb_&index1;
array _cc(*) cc_1 - cc_&index1;
*calculations;
do i=1 to &index1;
_bb(i) = _aa(i) - _aa(i+1);
_cc(i) = max(_bb(i), 0);
end;
%mend;
data ccc;
%cashflow_macro_revised(series=400 300 250 270);
run;
If you really want to stick with macros this will work but does generate some warnings. I don't have time to debug beyond this but it seems to work.
%macro cashflow_macro(index=4,aa_1=,aa_2=,aa_3=,aa_4=,);
*create variable with index - 1 for other variables;
%let index1 = %eval(&index - 1);
%do i=1 %to &index1;
%let bb_&i = &&&aa_&i. - &&&aa_%eval(&i+1);
bb_&i = &&&bb_&i.;
cc_&i = max(&&&bb_&i, 0);
%end;
%mend;
data ccc1;
%cashflow_macro(index=4,aa_1=400,aa_2=300,aa_3=250,aa_4=270);
run;

Related

Iterate date in loop in SAS

need help on one query , I have to iterate date in do loop that is in format of yymmd6.(202112) so that once the month reach to 12 then its automatically change to next year first month.
///// code////////
%let startmo=202010 ;
%let endmo= 202102;
%macro test;
%do month= &startmo %to &endmo;
Data ABC_&month;
Set test&month;
X=&month ;
%end;
Run;
%mend;
%test;
//////////
Output should be 5 dataset as
ABC_202010
ABC_202011
ABC_202012
ABC_202101
ABC_20210
I need macro variable month to be resolved 202101 once it reached to 202012
Those are not actual DATE values. Just strings that you have imposed your own interpretation on so that they LOOK like dates to you.
Use date values instead and then it is easy to generate strings in the style you need by using a FORMAt.
%macro test(startmo,endmo);
%local offset month month_string;
%do offset = 0 to %sysfunc(intck(month,&startmo,&endmo));
%let month=%sysfunc(intnx(month,&startmo,&offset));
%let month_string=%sysfunc(putn(&month,yymmn6.));
data ABC_&month_string;
set test&month_string;
X=&month ;
format X monyy7.;
run;
%end;
%mend;
%test(startmo='01OCT2020'd , endmo='01FEB2021'd)
And if you need to convert one of those strings into a date value use an INFORMAT.
%let date=%sysfunc(inputn(202010,yymmn6.));
I would prefer to use a do while loop.
check whether the last 2 characters are 12, if so, change the month part to 01.
code
%let startmo=202010 ;
%let endmo= 202102;
%macro test;
%do %while(&startmo <= &endmo);
Data ABC_&startmo;
Set test&startmo;
X=&startmo ;
Run;
%end;
%let mon = %substr(&startmo, 5, 2);
%let yr = %substr(&startmo, 1, 4);
%if &mon = 12 %then %do;
%let m = 01;
%let startmo = %sysfunc(cat(%eval(&yr + 1), &m));
%end;
%else %do;
%let startmo = %eval(&startmo + 1);
%end;
%mend;
%test;

Required Operator not found in Expression:

In the below code, I'm using macro variables in then statement, however any variation of code seems to be failing in one or the other.
%MACRO LOOP_I;
DATA JAV_WORK2;
set WORK.JAV_WORK1;
%do i = 1 %to 24 %by 1;
%IF FF in ('CV', 'CV1', 'CV2', 'CVA', 'CVP', 'HAS') and S_TYPE in ('ETR_CARD', 'ETR_PCP', 'ETR_TRX') %THEN MONTH&i_SALES=trx&i;
%ELSE %IF FF = 'HAS' and LENGTH(GEO_ID) = 6 and S_TYPE = ('ETR_DDD') %THEN MONTH&i_SALES= UNIT&i;
%end;
RUN;
%MEND LOOP_I;
%LOOP_I
When I tried removing % from IF statements, then I was receiving "ERROR 180-322: Statement is not valid or it is used out of proper order". TIA
You can achieve the same results using arrays instead of macro loops.
data jav_work2;
set jav_work1;
array sales_month[24];
array trx[24];
array unit[24];
if(FF IN('CV', 'CV1', 'CV2', 'CVA', 'CVP', 'HAS')
AND S_TYPE in ('ETR_CARD', 'ETR_PCP', 'ETR_TRX')
then do;
do i = 1 to 24;
sales_month[i] = trx[i];
end;
else if(FF = 'HAS' AND length(GEO_ID) = 6 AND S_TYPE = 'ETR_DDD') then do;
do i = 1 to 24
sales_month[i] = unit[i];
end;
end;
end;
run;
If you wanted to use the same naming convention, you can enclose it within a macro and modify the sales_month[24] array statement with this:
array sales_month[24] %do i = 1 %to 24; month&i._sales %end; ;

Iterate through vector and convert elements to unquoted variable names

The following macro makes an inner join between two tables containing one column from each table in addition to the joining column :
%macro ij(x=,y=,to=".default",xc=,yc=,by=);
%if &to = ".default" %then %let to = &from;
PROC SQL;
CREATE TABLE &to AS
SELECT t1.&xc, t2.&yc, t1.&by
FROM &x t1 INNER JOIN &y t2
ON t1.&by = t2.&by;
RUN;
%mend;
I want to find a way to use several columns in &xc, &yc and &by.
As I don't think I can use vectors of variables.
My idea is to pass parameters as vectors of strings instead of simple variables, for example xc = {"col1" "col2"} and loop through them
using %let some_var= %sysfunc(dequote(&some_string)); to convert them back to variables.
Applied on xc only it would become something like:
%macro ij(x=,y=,to=".default",xc=,yc=,by=);
%if &to = ".default" %then %let to = &from;
PROC SQL;
CREATE TABLE &to AS
SELECT
%do i = 1 %to %NCOL(&xc)
%let xci = %sysfunc(dequote(&xc[1]));
t1.&xci,
%end;
t2.&yc, t1.&by
FROM &x t1 INNER JOIN &y t2
ON t1.&by = t2.&by;
RUN;
%mend;
But this loop fails. How could I make it work ?
Note: this is a simplified example, my ultimate ambition is to build join macros that would be as little verbose as possible and integrate data quality checks.
Really this would be much easier to code use SAS dataset options instead of building complicated macro logic.
proc sql ;
create table want2 as
select *
from sashelp.class(keep=name age)
natural inner join sashelp.class(keep=name height weight)
;
quit;
I would suggest learning how to use data step code instead of SQL code. For most normal data manipulations it is clearer and simpler. Say you wanted to combine IN1 and IN2 on the variable ID and keep the variable A and B from IN1 and the variable X and Y from the IN2.
data out ;
merge in1 in2 ;
by id ;
keep id a b x y ;
run;
Second I would resist the urge to generate too complex a web of macro code. It will make the programs harder to understand for the next programmer. Including yourself two weeks later. Your particular example does not look like something that is worth coding as a macro. You are not really typing less information, just using a few commas in place of where your SQL code would have had keywords like FROM or JOIN.
Now to answer your actual question. To pass in a list of values to macro use a delimited list. When at all possible use space as the delimiter, but especially avoid using comma as the delimiter. This will be easier to type, easier to pass into the macro and easier to use since it matches the SAS language as you can see in the data step above. If you really need to generate code like SQL syntax that uses commas then have the macro code generate them where needed.
%macro ij
(x= /* First dataset name */
,y= /* Second dataset name */
,by= /* BY variable list */
,to= /* Output dataset name. If empty use data step to generate DATAn work name */
,xc= /* Variable list from first dataset */
,yc= /* Variable list from second dataset */
);
%if not %length(&to) %then %do;
* Let SAS generate a name for new dataset ;
data ; run;
%let to=&syslast ;
proc delete data=&to; run;
%end;
%if not %length(&xc) %then %let xc=*;
%if not %length(&yc) %then %let yx=*;
%local i sep ;
proc sql ;
create table &to as
select
%let sep= ;
%do i=1 %to %sysfunc(countw(&by)) ;
&sep.T1.%scan(&by,&i)
%let sep=,;
%end;
%do i=1 %to %sysfunc(countw(&xc)) ;
&sep.T1.%scan(&xc,&i)
%end;
%do i=1 %to %sysfunc(countw(&yc)) ;
&sep.T2.%scan(&yc,&i)
%end;
from &x T1 inner join &y T2 on
%let sep= ;
%do i=1 %to %sysfunc(countw(&by)) ;
&sep.T1.%scan(&by,&i)=T2.%scan(&by,&i)
%let sep=,;
%end;
;
quit;
%mend ij ;
Try it:
options mprint;
%ij(x=sashelp.class,y=sashelp.class,by=name,to=want,xc=age,yc=height weight);
SAS LOG:
MPRINT(IJ): proc sql ;
MPRINT(IJ): create table want as select T1.name ,T1.age ,T2.height ,T2.weight from sashelp.class
T1 inner join sashelp.class T2 on T1.name=T2.name ;
NOTE: Table WORK.WANT created, with 19 rows and 4 columns.
MPRINT(IJ): quit;
Instead of vectors, think simple lists.
Pass your variable lists as unquoted, space separated list of values. The values are SAS variable names that can be scanned out as tokens.
%macro ij (x=, ...);
...
%local i token;
%let i = 1;
%do %while (%length(%scan(&X,&i)));
%let token = %scan(&X,&i);
&token.,/* emit the token as source code */
%let i = %eval(&i+1);
%end;
...
%mend;
%ij ( x = one two three, ... )
Be sure to localize all your macro variables to prevent unwanted side effects outside the macro.
For consistency I try to use i/o related macro parameters that mimic SAS Procs -- data=, out=, file=, ...
Some would say named arguments are verbose!
If your 'proto-code' expects the xci symbol to be some sort of serially numbered variable, it is not. You would have to use %local xc&i; %let xc&i= for assignment, and &&xc&i for resolution. Also, your original code references &from which is not passed.
Building is fun. I would also recommend surveying past conference papers and SAS literature for similar works that may already meet your goal.
You could start with a space-separated list of column names and avoid looping entirely:
/*Define list of columns*/
%let COLS = A B C;
%put COLS = &COLS;
/*Add table alias prefix*/
%let REGEX = %sysfunc(prxparse(s/(\S+)/t1.$1/));
%let COLS = %sysfunc(prxchange(&REGEX,-1,&COLS));
%put COLS = &COLS;
%syscall prxfree(REGEX);
/*Condense multiple spaces to a single space*/
%let COLS = %sysfunc(compbl(&COLS));
%put COLS = &COLS;
/*Replace spaces with commas*/
%let COLS = %sysfunc(translate(&COLS,%str(,),%str( )));
%put COLS = &COLS;
In the end as #Tom noted, SAS dataset options are more convenient, and using them one doesn't need to loop over variables.
Here is the macro I came with :
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ;
* JOIN ;
* Performs any join (defaults to inner join). ;
* By default left table is overwritten (convenient for successive left joins) ;
* Performs a natural join so columns should be renamed accordingly through 'rename' parameters ;
*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;
%macro join
(data1= /* left table */
,data2= /* right table */
,keep1= /* columns to keep (default: keep all), don't use with drop */
,keep2=
,drop1= /* columns to drop (default: none), don't use with keep */
,drop2=
,rename1= /* rename statement, such as 'old1 = new1 old2 = new2 */
,rename2=
,j=ij /* join type, either ij lj or rj */
,out= /* created table, by default data1 (left table is overwritten)*/
);
%if not %length(&out) %then %let out = &data1;
%if %length(&keep1) %then %let keep1 = keep=&keep1;
%if %length(&keep2) %then %let keep2 = keep=&keep2;
%if %length(&drop1) %then %let drop1 = drop=&drop1;
%if %length(&drop2) %then %let drop2 = drop=&drop2;
%if %length(&rename1) %then %let rename1 = rename=(&rename1);
%if %length(&rename2) %then %let rename2 = rename=(&rename2);
%let kdr1 =;
%let kdr2 =;
%if (%length(&keep1) | %length(&drop1) | %length(&rename1)) %then %let kdr1 = (&keep1&drop1 &rename1);
%if (%length(&keep2) | %length(&drop2) | %length(&rename2)) %then %let kdr2 = (&keep2&drop2 &rename2);
%if &j=lj %then %let j = LEFT JOIN;
%if &j=ij %then %let j = INNER JOIN;
%if &j=rj %then %let j = RIGHT JOIN;
proc sql;
create table &out as select *
from &data1&kdr1 t1 natural &j &data2&kdr2 t2;
quit;
%mend;
Reproducible Examples:
data temp1;
input letter $ number1 $;
datalines;
a 1
a 2
a 3
b 4
c 8
;
data temp2;
input letter $ letter2 $ number2 $;
datalines;
a c 666
b d 0
;
* left join on common columns into new table temp3;
%join(data1=temp1,data2=temp2,j=lj,out=temp3)
* inner join by default, overwriting temp 1, after renaming to join on another column;
%join(data1=temp1,data2=temp2,drop2=letter,rename2= letter2=letter)

How to force SAS to interpret macro vars as numbers in if condition

SAS is interpreting in_year_tolerance and abs_cost as text vars in the below if statement. Therefore the if statement is testing the alphabetical order of the vars rather than the numerical order. How do I get SAS to treat them as numbers? I have tried sticking the if condition, and the macro vars, in %sysevalf but that made no difference. in_year_tolerance is 10,000,000 and cost can vary, but in the test run starts around 20,000,000 before dropping to 9,000,000 at which point it should exit the loop but doesn't.
%macro set_downward_caps(year, in_year_tolerance, large, small, start, end, increment);
%do c = &start. %to &end. %by &increment.;
%let nominal_down_large_&year. = %sysevalf(&large. + (&c. / 1000));
%let nominal_down_small_&year. = %sysevalf(&small. + (&c. / 100));
%let real_down_large_&year. = %sysevalf((1 - &&nominal_down_large_&year.) * &&rpi&year.);
%let real_down_small_&year. = %sysevalf((1 - &&nominal_down_small_&year.) * &&rpi&year.);
%rates(&year.);
proc means data = output.s_&scenario. noprint nway;
var transbill&year.;
output out = temporary (drop = _type_ _freq_) sum=cost;
run;
data _null_;
set temporary;
call symputx('cost', put(cost,best32.));
run;
data temp;
length scenario $ 30;
scenario = "&scenario.";
large = &&real_down_large_&year.;
small = &&real_down_small_&year.;
cost = &cost.;
run;
data output.summary_of_caps;
set output.summary_of_caps temp;
run;
%let abs_cost = %sysevalf(%sysfunc(abs(&cost)));
%if &in_year_tolerance. > &abs_cost. %then %return;
%end;
%mend set_downward_caps;
Use %sysevalf(&in_year_tolerance > &abs_cost,boolean).
As you have seen, compares are text based. If you put it in an %eval() or %sysevalf() the values will be interpreted as numbers.
The ,boolean option lets it know you want a TRUE/FALSE.

SAS Is it possible not to use "TO" in a do loop in MACRO?

I used to use a %do ... %to and it worked fine , but I when I tried to list all character values without %to I got a message ERROR: Expected %TO not found in %DO statement
%macro printDB2 ;
%let thisName = ;
%do &thisName = 'Test1' , 'Test2' , 'Test3' ;
proc print data=&thisName ;
run ;
%end ;
%mend printDB2 ;
I know how to complete this task using %to or %while . But I am curious is it possible to list all character values in the %do ? How can I %do this ?
If your goal here is to loop through a series of character values in some macro logic, one approach you could take is to define corresponding sequentially named macro variables and loop through those, e.g.
%let mvar1 = A;
%let mvar2 = B;
%let mvar3 = C;
%macro example;
%do i = 1 %to 3;
%put mvar&i = &&mvar&i;
%end;
%mend example;
%example;
Alternatively, you could scan a list of values repeatedly and redefine the same macro var multiple times within your loop:
%let list_of_values = A B C;
%macro example2;
%do i = 1 %to 3;
%let mvar = %scan(&list_of_values, &i, %str( ));
%put mvar = &mvar;
%end;
%mend example2;
%example2;
I've explicitly specified that I want to use space as the only list delimiter for scan - otherwise SAS uses lots default delimiters.