I did not write this code, I hope everyone can help me.
I have the following code, which can reasonably expand the parameters of ordinary functions.
I hope it can, expand, the constructor of the class.
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
namespace util {
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_defs {
static constexpr size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);
using result_type = ReturnType;
template <size_t i>
struct arg {
using type = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};
};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits_impl;
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(*)(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const&&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) volatile>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) volatile&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) volatile&&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const volatile>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const volatile&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const volatile&&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename T, typename V = void>
struct function_traits
: function_traits_impl<T> {};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits<T, decltype((void)&T::operator())>
: function_traits_impl<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
template <size_t... Indices>
struct indices {
using next = indices<Indices..., sizeof...(Indices)>;
};
template <size_t N>
struct build_indices {
using type = typename build_indices<N - 1>::type::next;
};
template <>
struct build_indices<0> {
using type = indices<>;
};
template <size_t N>
using BuildIndices = typename build_indices<N>::type;
namespace details {
template <typename FuncType,
typename VecType,
size_t... I,
typename Traits = function_traits<FuncType>,
typename ReturnT = typename Traits::result_type>
ReturnT do_call(FuncType& func, const VecType& args, indices<I...>) {
return func(args[I]...);
}
} // namespace details
template <typename FuncType, typename VecType, typename Traits = function_traits<FuncType>>
auto unpack_caller(FuncType& func, const VecType& args) {
return details::do_call(func, args, BuildIndices<Traits::arity>());
}
} // namespace util
int func(int a, int b, int c) {
return a + b + c;
}
int main() {
std::vector<int> args = {1, 2, 3};
int j = util::unpack_caller(func, args);
std::cout << j << std::endl;
return 0;
}
e.g By adding a class function in the form of a template, and automatically looking for the parameters of the constructor.
class foo
{
public:
foo(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, uint32_t c){};
};
int main() {
std::vector<int> args1 = {1, 2, 3};
foo* f = util::unpack_caller<foo>(args);
return 0;
}
This first argument of the unpack_caller method should be a callable object, but the constructor of a class is not a callable object. So, you can put a factory method inside your class and do like this:
class foo
{
public:
foo(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, uint32_t c) {};
static foo* getInstnce(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, uint32_t c)
{
return new foo(a,b,c);
}
};
int main() {
std::vector<int> args1 = { 1, 2, 3 };
foo* f = util::unpack_caller(foo::getInstnce, args1);
return 0;
}
Related
In c++ i want to get the type of the arguments of a function.
The issue is i don't want to get the type for all of the arguments only the ones after the first one
template <typename T>
struct FuncTraits : FuncTraits<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
template <typename C, typename R, typename... Args>
struct FuncTraits<R(C::*)(Args...) const> : FuncTraits<void(*)(Args...)> {};
template <typename... Args> struct FuncTraits<void(*)(Args...)> {
using ArgCount = std::integral_constant<std::size_t, sizeof...(Args)>;
using ArgsType = std::tuple<typename std::decay<Args>::type...>;
};
In this example it gets the type for all of the arguments, but i want something more like this
template <typename T>
struct FuncTraits : FuncTraits<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
template <typename C, typename R, typename... Args>
struct FuncTraits<R(C::*)(int, Args...) const> : FuncTraits<void(*)(int unused, Args...)> {};
template <typename... Args> struct FuncTraits<void(*)(int unused, Args...)> {
using ArgCount = std::integral_constant<std::size_t, sizeof...(Args)>;
using ArgsType = std::tuple<typename std::decay<Args>::type...>;
};
Yet this fails complete to compile.
How do i achieve something like this?
You can add another template type to the base overload of FuncTraits:
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
struct foo
{
float operator ()(int a, char b, unsigned int c) const { return 0; }
};
template <typename T>
struct FuncTraits : FuncTraits<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
template <typename C, typename R, typename... Args>
struct FuncTraits<R(C::*)(Args...) const> : FuncTraits<void(*)(Args...)> {};
template <typename Arg, typename... Args> struct FuncTraits<void(*)(Arg, Args...)> {
using ArgCount = std::integral_constant<std::size_t, sizeof...(Args)>;
using ArgsType = std::tuple<typename std::decay<Args>::type...>;
};
int main()
{
using FooTraits = FuncTraits<foo>;
std::cout << FooTraits::ArgCount() << '\n'; \\ prints '2'
std::cout << typeid(FooTraits::ArgsType).name() << '\n'; \\ prints 'class std::tuple<char,unsigned int>'
}
I'm doing some metaprogramming and I have ran into the following problem:
I have a class that takes one template parameter T, T can be assumed to be a function with an arbitary signature. The class a member variable V, that should have the type std::tuple<> if T takes no arguments or the first argument is not a std::tuple. If the first argument is an std::tuple, V should instead have the same type as first argument.
Example:
void f() // Should resolve to std::tuple<>
void f(int) // Should resolve to std::tuple<>
void f(std::tuple<int, float>) // Should resolve to std::tuple<int, float>
void f(std::tuple<float>, int) // Should resolve to std::tuple<float>
I have been trying something similar to this, but with no success. As it fails when indexing the first arguement on the argument free function, without selecting any of the other alternatives in spite of those being available. I'm using MSVC 2019 16.8.4
#include <functional>
#include <concepts>
namespace detail
{
template<typename... ArgTs>
struct HasArgs : public std::conditional<(sizeof... (ArgTs) > 0), std::true_type, std::false_type>::type {};
}
//!
//! Provides argument function information
//! Based on: https://stackoverflow.com/a/9065203
//!
template<typename T>
class FunctionTraits;
template<typename R, typename... Args>
class FunctionTraits<R(Args...)>
{
public:
static const size_t arg_count = sizeof...(Args);
using HasArguments = detail::HasArgs<Args...>;
using ReturnType = R;
using ArgTypes = std::tuple<Args...>;
template <size_t i>
struct arg
{
using type = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};
};
namespace detail
{
template <typename T>
struct is_tuple : std::false_type {};
template <typename... Args>
struct is_tuple<std::tuple<Args...>>: std::true_type {};
}
template <typename T>
concept is_tuple = requires() { detail::is_tuple<T>::value; };
class TestMemberFunctions
{
public:
static int test_f1(std::tuple<int, float>, int)
{
return 0;
}
static int test_f2(int)
{
return 0;
}
static int test_f3()
{
return 0;
}
};
template <typename CreateT> requires (!FunctionTraits<CreateT>::HasArguments::value)
std::tuple<> TypeDeductionDummyFunction();
template <typename CreateT> requires FunctionTraits<CreateT>::HasArguments::value
auto TypeDeductionDummyFunction() -> std::conditional<is_tuple<typename FunctionTraits<CreateT>::template arg<0>::type>,
typename FunctionTraits<CreateT>::template arg<0>::type,
std::tuple<>>;
template <typename T>
class SampleClass
{
decltype(TypeDeductionDummyFunction<T>()) m_member;
};
SampleClass<decltype(TestMemberFunctions::test_f1)> c1;
SampleClass<decltype(TestMemberFunctions::test_f2)> c2;
SampleClass<decltype(TestMemberFunctions::test_f3)> c3;
Something along these lines, perhaps:
template <typename T> struct ExtractFirstTuple;
template <typename R>
struct ExtractFirstTuple<R()> {
using type = std::tuple<>;
};
template <typename R, typename... Ts, typename... Args>
struct ExtractFirstTuple<R(std::tuple<Ts...>, Args...)> {
using type = std::tuple<Ts...>;
};
template <typename R, typename First, typename... Args>
struct ExtractFirstTuple<R(First, Args...)> {
using type = std::tuple<>;
};
Demo
An attempt to build what you want from more primitive operations.
template<typename T, std::size_t N>
struct FunctionArgument {
static constexpr bool exists = false;
};
template<typename R, typename A0, typename... Args>
struct FunctionArgument<R(A0, Args...), 0>{
using type=A0;
static constexpr bool exists = true;
};
template<typename R, typename A0, typename... Args, std::size_t N>
struct FunctionArgument<R(A0, Args...), N>:
FunctionArgument<R(Args...), N-1>
{};
template<class Sig, std::size_t N>
using FuncArg_type = typename FunctionArgument<Sig, N>::type;
template<class Sig, std::size_t N>
constexpr bool FuncArg_exists = FunctionArgument<Sig, N>::exists;
template<class Sig, class Otherwise>
using FirstArgIfExists =
typename std::conditional_t<
FuncArg_exists<Sig,0>,
FunctionArgument<Sig, 0>,
std::type_identity<Otherwise>
>::type;
template<class T, class Otherwise>
struct TypeIfTuple {
using type=Otherwise;
};
template<class...Ts, class Otherwise>
struct TypeIfTuple<std::tuple<Ts...>, Otherwise> {
using type=std::tuple<Ts...>;
};
template<class T, class Otherwise>
using TypeIfTuple_t = typename TypeIfTuple<T,Otherwise>::type;
template<class Sig>
using TheTypeYouWant = TypeIfTuple_t<
FirstArgIfExists<Sig, std::tuple<>>,
std::tuple<>
>;
I am actually thinking of something similar to the '*' operator in python like this:
args = [1,2,4]
f(*args)
Is there a similar solution in C++?
What I can come up with is as follows:
template <size_t num_args, typename FuncType>
struct unpack_caller;
template <typename FuncType>
struct unpack_caller<3>
{
void operator () (FuncType &f, std::vector<int> &args){
f(args[0], args[1], args[3])
}
};
Above I assume only int argument type.
The problem is that I feel it is a hassle to write all the specializations of unpack_caller for different value of num_args.
Any good solution to this? Thanks.
You can use a pack of indices:
template <size_t num_args>
struct unpack_caller
{
private:
template <typename FuncType, size_t... I>
void call(FuncType &f, std::vector<int> &args, indices<I...>){
f(args[I]...);
}
public:
template <typename FuncType>
void operator () (FuncType &f, std::vector<int> &args){
assert(args.size() == num_args); // just to be sure
call(f, args, BuildIndices<num_args>{});
}
};
There's no way to remove the need to specify the size in the template though, because the size of a vector is a runtime construct, and we need the size at compile-time.
Update to #Fernandes's answer.
Yes, there does be a way to remove the need to specifying num_args in template parameter. This is because num_args is determined by the function signature, not the vector. What should be checked at run-time is the size of the vector and the arity of the function.
See the following example.
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <cassert>
namespace util {
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_defs {
static constexpr size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);
using result_type = ReturnType;
template <size_t i>
struct arg {
using type = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};
};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits_impl;
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(*)(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const&&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) volatile>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) volatile&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) volatile&&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const volatile>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const volatile&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const volatile&&>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename T, typename V = void>
struct function_traits
: function_traits_impl<T> {};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits<T, decltype((void)&T::operator())>
: function_traits_impl<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
template <size_t... Indices>
struct indices {
using next = indices<Indices..., sizeof...(Indices)>;
};
template <size_t N>
struct build_indices {
using type = typename build_indices<N - 1>::type::next;
};
template <>
struct build_indices<0> {
using type = indices<>;
};
template <size_t N>
using BuildIndices = typename build_indices<N>::type;
namespace details {
template <typename FuncType,
typename VecType,
size_t... I,
typename Traits = function_traits<FuncType>,
typename ReturnT = typename Traits::result_type>
ReturnT do_call(FuncType& func,
VecType& args,
indices<I...> ) {
assert(args.size() >= Traits::arity);
return func(args[I]...);
}
} // namespace details
template <typename FuncType,
typename VecType,
typename Traits = function_traits<FuncType>,
typename ReturnT = typename Traits::result_type>
ReturnT unpack_caller(FuncType& func,
VecType& args) {
return details::do_call(func, args, BuildIndices<Traits::arity>());
}
} // namespace util
int func(int a, int b, int c) {
return a + b + c;
}
int main() {
std::vector<int> args = {1, 2, 3};
int j = util::unpack_caller(func, args);
std::cout << j << std::endl;
return 0;
}
If you use c++14 there is update to #r-martinho-fernandes response using index-sequence:
template <size_t num_args>
struct unpack_caller
{
private:
template <typename FuncType, size_t... I>
void call(FuncType &f, std::vector<int> &args, std::index_sequence<I...>){
f(args[I]...);
}
public:
template <typename FuncType>
void operator () (FuncType &f, std::vector<int> &args){
assert(args.size() == num_args); // just to be sure
call(f, args, std::make_index_sequence<num_args>{});
}
};
Consider the following code:
template <class F, class... Args, class = std::void_t<>>
struct is_invokable
: std::false_type {};
template <class F, class... Args>
struct is_invokable<F, Args..., std::void_t<std::invoke_result_t<F, Args...>>>
: std::true_type {};
The goal is to have a trait that is able to tell whether a callable of type F is invokable with arguments of type Args....
However, it fails to compile because:
error: parameter pack 'Args' must be at the end of the template parameter list
What is the (elegant) way to do this in C++17?
namespace details {
template <class F, class, class... Args>
struct is_invokable : std::false_type {};
template <class F, class... Args>
struct is_invokable<F, std::void_t<std::invoke_result_t<F, Args...>>, Args...>
: std::true_type {};
}
template <class F, class... Args>
using is_invokable=typename ::details::is_invokable<F, void, Args...>::type;
I propose an helper struct (is_invokable_h) and the use of std::tuple to wrap the Args...
Something like
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
template <typename, typename, typename = void>
struct is_invokable_h : std::false_type
{};
template <typename F, typename ... Args>
struct is_invokable_h<F, std::tuple<Args...>,
std::void_t<std::invoke_result_t<F, Args...>>>
: std::true_type
{};
template <typename F, typename ... Args>
struct is_invokable : is_invokable_h<F, std::tuple<Args...>>
{};
int foo (int)
{ return 0; }
int main()
{
static_assert( true == is_invokable<decltype(foo), int>{} );
static_assert( false == is_invokable<decltype(foo), int, int>{} );
}
I am trying to implement a mechanism, which would provide me some information about the template argument function type.
Main idea is to get the number of arguments, return type, total sum of sizes of each argument.
I have something running for lambdas based on this entry.
template <typename T, typename... Args>
struct sumSizeOfArgs {
enum { totalSize = sizeof(typename std::decay<T>::type) + sumSizeOfArgs<Args...>::totalSize };
};
template<typename T>
struct sumSizeOfArgs<T> {
enum {totalSize = sizeof(typename std::decay<T>::type)};
};
}
template <typename T>
struct function_traits : public function_traits<decltype(&T::operator())>
{};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const>
{
enum { arity = sizeof...(Args) };
typedef ReturnType result_type;
enum { totalSize = sumSizeOfArgs<Args...>::totalSize };
template <size_t i>
struct arg
{
typedef typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type type;
};
};
However, indeed this code does not work for normal functions types such as
function_traits<void()>
it does not have an operator(). I would greatly appreciate, any suggestion to make this code work for both cases.
Thanks,
Slightly improved original part:
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
template <typename... Args>
struct sumSizeOfArgs
{
static constexpr size_t totalSize = 0;
};
template <typename T, typename... Args>
struct sumSizeOfArgs<T, Args...>
{
static constexpr size_t totalSize = sizeof(typename std::decay<T>::type)
+ sumSizeOfArgs<Args...>::totalSize;
};
template <typename T>
struct sumSizeOfArgs<T>
{
static constexpr size_t totalSize = sizeof(typename std::decay<T>::type);
};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits_impl;
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...)>
{
static constexpr size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);
using result_type = ReturnType;
static constexpr size_t totalSize = sumSizeOfArgs<Args...>::totalSize;
template <size_t i>
struct arg
{
using type = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};
};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const>
: function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...)> {};
New part starts here (traits' class partial specialization for functions):
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(Args...)>
{
static constexpr size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);
using result_type = ReturnType;
static constexpr size_t totalSize = sumSizeOfArgs<Args...>::totalSize;
template <size_t i>
struct arg
{
using type = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};
};
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(*)(Args...)>
: function_traits_impl<ReturnType(Args...)> {};
Crucial part is here (determining the presence of operator()):
template <typename T, typename V = void>
struct function_traits
: function_traits_impl<T> {};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits<T, decltype((void)&T::operator())>
: function_traits_impl<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
Test:
int main()
{
static_assert(function_traits<void()>::arity == 0, "!");
static_assert(function_traits<void(int)>::arity == 1, "!");
static_assert(function_traits<void(*)(int, float)>::arity == 2, "!");
auto lambda = [] (int, float, char) {};
static_assert(function_traits<decltype(lambda)>::arity == 3, "!");
auto mutable_lambda = [] (int, float, char, double) mutable {};
static_assert(function_traits<decltype(mutable_lambda)>::arity == 4, "!");
}
DEMO 1
Or even simpler, with a single trait class:
#include <tuple>
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_defs
{
static constexpr size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);
using result_type = ReturnType;
template <size_t i>
struct arg
{
using type = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};
};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits_impl;
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(*)(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...)>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
template <typename ClassType, typename ReturnType, typename... Args>
struct function_traits_impl<ReturnType(ClassType::*)(Args...) const>
: function_traits_defs<ReturnType, Args...> {};
// + other cv-ref-variations
template <typename T, typename V = void>
struct function_traits
: function_traits_impl<T> {};
template <typename T>
struct function_traits<T, decltype((void)&T::operator())>
: function_traits_impl<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
int main()
{
static_assert(function_traits<void()>::arity == 0, "!");
static_assert(function_traits<void(int)>::arity == 1, "!");
static_assert(function_traits<void(*)(int, float)>::arity == 2, "!");
auto lambda = [] (int, float, char) {};
static_assert(function_traits<decltype(lambda)>::arity == 3, "!");
auto mutable_lambda = [] (int, float, char, double) mutable {};
static_assert(function_traits<decltype(mutable_lambda)>::arity == 4, "!");
struct Functor
{
void operator()(int) {}
};
static_assert(function_traits<Functor>::arity == 1, "!");
}
DEMO 2
Note: Unfortunately none of the above solutions will work for generic lambdas, related discussion is Arity of a generic lambda