I've seen the related question regarding "_T()" not found. I have a console app. The "Debug" version of the console app compiles and runs fine. When I try to compile it as a "Release" version I first get hundreds of _T() Not Found. I tried adding #include <tchar.h> to pch.h which was completely ineffective. Based on what I found in the question about undefined _T() I read, I added the text
#ifdef _UNICODE
#define _T(x) L ## x
#else /* _UNICODE */
#define _T(x) x
#endif /* _UNICODE */
#include <tchar.h>
#include "framework.h"
to pch.h before #include "framework.h". The compiler noticed but now complained as follows:
Error C2039 '_tcscpy_s': is not a member of '`global namespace'' Anon C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.28.29333\atlmfc\include\atlchecked.h 111
plus a few hundred other similar messages.
This is not the first time this has happened. Every project I've tried to build with VS2019 eventually has this happen to it. And, this happens compiling a completely pristine "pch.h" that I had not (initially) modified at all before this error occurred.
I've already tried deleting VS and reinstalling it. My OS is Windows 10 (64-bit)
The list of Include directories is the same for both the Debug and Release configurations.
I feel that this must be related to something in the way Visual Studio is configured, but mostly I need help fixing it. The compiler seems to be getting tangled up in its own header files. What can I do to analyze/fix this?
ADDENDUM:
Just since I started writing this question I have gone back to my project and tried the Debug version again. Now it is getting the same errors. And I made no changes since the previous time I built it earlier today.
Related
I have a VS (C++) project that relies on OpenCV and TBB, so I created property sheets for each library and included them in the project. Everything worked fine and the code compiled.
Yesterday, I have started using vcpkg package manager. I installed OpenCV and TBB via vcpkg and everything seemed to work. I created an empty project, included the headers of both and tested if the new compiled libraries work. After verifying that, I went back to my main project and removed the property sheets, so I can use the libraries from vcpkg. I did not change the code in any way since the last successful compilation.
But when I try to compile the code now I get this error two times (in main.cpp and in a submodule)
tbb\critical_section.h(53): error C3861: 'InitializeCriticalSectionEx': identifier not found
Does anybody know what is going on here or why this error occurs?
Update
I found the error myself. I'm adding the poco-libraries tag, because it's actually a conflict between TBB and Poco.
I found the source of the problem and it has actually nothing to do with TBB but with the Poco library.
Consider the minimum example:
#include <Poco/Poco.h>
#include <tbb/tbb.h>
void main()
{
}
This will throw an compiler error.
Tracing down the path
When including tbb.h, critical_section.h is included in line 51 of tbb.h. However, ciritcal_section.hpp includes machine/winwdows_api.h which looks like this (unnecessary stuff is cut out):
tbb/machine/winwdows_api.h:
#if _WIN32 || _WIN64
#include <windows.h>
#if _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0600
#define InitializeCriticalSectionEx inlineInitializeCriticalSectionEx
inline BOOL WINAPI inlineInitializeCriticalSectionEx( LPCRITICAL_SECTION lpCriticalSection, DWORD dwSpinCount, DWORD )
{
return InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount( lpCriticalSection, dwSpinCount );
}
#endif
As you can see, windows.h is included before the check of the _WIN32_WINNT macro. This macro is defined in sdkddkver.h (which is included in windows.h), iff it's not already defined (in my case it's set to Win10):
sdkddkver.h:
#if !defined(_WIN32_WINNT) && !defined(_CHICAGO_)
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0A00
#endif
In windows.h, the _WIN32_WINNT macro controls which version of the windows header files are actually included. If _WIN32_WINNT is set to an earlier version than Windows Vista, the function InitializeCriticalSectionEx is not defined.
This issue is catched by machine/winwdows_api.h (as you can see in the code block of that file) by simply defining a macro InitializeCriticalSectionEx that calls an appropriate alternative function.
So far so good.
The problem
The root of all evil lies in Poco/UnWindows.h of the Poco library. When including a poco header, at some point UnWindows.h will be included.
Poco/UnWindows.h (shortened):
#if defined(_WIN32_WINNT)
#if (_WIN32_WINNT < 0x0501)
#error Unsupported Windows version.
#endif
#elif defined(NTDDI_VERSION)
#if (NTDDI_VERSION < 0x05010100)
#error Unsupported Windows version.
#endif
#elif !defined(_WIN32_WINNT)
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0501
#define NTDDI_VERSION 0x05010100
#endif
#endif
#include <windows.h>
The preprocessor checks, if _WIN32_WINNT is already defined, and if not, sets it to 0x0501 which is Windows XP. After that, windows.h is included. In the previous chapter I mentioned that _WIN32_WINNT controls which version of the windows header files are actually included.
Now imagine, the very first include in our project is a header from Poco. This means, that _WIN32_WINNT will be set to Windows XP and windows.h will include the windows headers of Windows XP (which imo is already a bad sign).
But don't worry, it gets worse.
If we trace the include hierarchy one level up, we reach Poco/Platform_WIN32.h.
Poco/Platform_WIN32.h (shortened):
#include "Poco/UnWindows.h"
...
#if defined (_WIN32_WINNT_WINBLUE)
#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
#undef _WIN32_WINNT
#endif
#define _WIN32_WINNT _WIN32_WINNT_WINBLUE
...
Funny, isn't it? First, it includes UnWindows.h, which sets _WIN32_WINNT and causes Windows XP headers to be included, and next it redefines _WIN32_WINNT to be Windows 8.1. I have no clue why it does that, maybe there is a good reason, idk.
If we now look at the minimum example at the very top we see that Poco is included before TBB. What now happens is:
Include Poco headers
Set _WIN32_WINNT to Windows XP
Include windows headers (Windows XP version, because of 2)
Reset _WIN32_WINNT to Windows 8.1
Include TBB headers (windows headers are already included, so TBB doesn't need to include them again in tbb/windows_api.h)
TBB checks the windows version via _WIN32_WINNT and recognizes Windows 8.1 (as set by Poco)
TBB thinks InitializeCriticalSectionEx is defined, because the Windows version is 8.1 (or is it? Poco says: get rekt) and InitializeCriticalSectionEx is defined since Windows Vista.
Unfortunately Poco ensured that the Windows XP headers are loaded, so compiler says: no.
The solution
Either include windows.h yourself beforehand, or set _WIN32_WINNT yourself beforehand:
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0A00 // either this
#include <Windows.h> // or this
#include <Poco/Poco.h>
#include <tbb/tbb.h>
void main()
{
}
Maybe someone of the Poco contributors can clarify some things here. The Poco version is 1.8.1-1 built with x64 (via vcpkg).
Update
Poco is on the issue. Updates can be found here.
I installed VS 2015 Professional. I installed the latest HYPRE, from the Lawrence Livermore website. I then configured it using CMake and proceeded to build, and I started getting BLAS (dnrm2.c) build errors:
2> dnrm2.c
2> 1>
C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.10240.0\ucrt\math.h(454): error C2059: syntax error: '('
The line of code triggering the error in dnrm2.c is:
#include "math.h"
which points to the file:
c:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.10240.0\ucrt\math.h
I looked up this error and found some suggestions such as this to change the include to:
#include <cmath>
and to edit the HYPRE project settings in: Configuration > C/C++ > Advanced > Compile As to Compile As C++ (/TP)
which I did, but I still see same error, since apparently the same header path to math.h is included from cmath as well:
#else /* _STD_USING */
#include <math.h>
#endif /* _STD_USING */
I've even tried re-installing VS 2015 without any luck (same errors). Appreciate any ideas on what's going on here, and how to resolve this. I guess I could try a minimalist example in VS 2015 that includes the math.h and report back, if that helps.
EDIT
My minimalist example:
#include "math.h"
int main() {
double d1 = sqrt(4.0);
float d2 = abs(4.0);
return 0;
}
appears to be building OK. I tried to set the project the same way to Compile as C (or C++, didn't matter). This doesn't really help me though.
OK, the problem here is with HYPRE source it looks like. They have this in a file f2c.h included before including the math.h:
//#undef abs
//#define abs(x) ((x) >= 0 ? (x) : -(x))
//#endif
When I commented it out (since this is already defined in the standard), then it gets past that build error. Of course I run into other build errors. I'm trying to tackle those separately.
EDIT: It's not as simple as that because they (HYPRE) actually rely on their own definition of abs. So I had undo the above and change the order of some includes so that the undef actually made sense. Either way, this is a HYPRE source code problem.
If you succeed in compiling the HYPRE on VS2015, Could you send your VS2015 program to me!
My major is Geophysics modeling and inversion.
MY email is schoolhui#hotmail.com
Thank you very much!
I've just commented
_Check_return_ int __cdecl abs(_In_ int _X);
in
c:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.10240.0\ucrt\math.h
and then HYPRE was successfully compiled!
Then, I've uncommented "abs".
EDIT 2: Ok so I changed to Orwell DevC++ which contains the "winnt.h" that contains #define KEY_WOW64_64KEY 0x0100 but it still is not working. (Refer to EDIT 1:)
EDIT 1: I looked into the "winnt.h" which came along the CodeBlock and DevC++ and the DevC++'s is missing the following lines:
#if (_WIN32_WINNT >= 0x0502)
#define KEY_WOW64_64KEY 0x0100
#define KEY_WOW64_32KEY 0x0200
#endif
And putting the above code in the wint.h of DevC++ doesn't work.
Original Post:
I have a 32bit application (developing in DevC++ and Windows 7 64bit) which reads a 64bit app's registry as one of its task, so I am trying to use "KEY_WOW64_64KEY" flag in RegOpenKeyEx, and found few posts regarding how to use it with _WIN32_WINNT : this and this
It worked like charm when I used it in a CodeBlock Project(a test project) but the same code is not working with DevC++, I can't port it to codeblock now since codeblock presents other problems.
How do I make it work with DevC++ ?
Thanks
It defines the version of the windows header files to use. It must be declared before you #include <Windows.h>.
There are a few other similar variables you should probably set if you're going to modify it:
MSDN Using Windows Headers
_WIN32_WINNT is a preprocessor token, which is replaced by (0x0601) wherever _WIN32_WINNT is used. The preprocessor just scans the whole file and replaces _WIN32_WINNT with (0x0601) everywhere it is found.
Chances are, there could be ifdef preprocessor guards that will enable/disable a preprocessor constant. Like:
#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
#define KEY32 32
#endif
There, KEY32 will only be defined IF _WIN32_WINNT is defined.
It already works with DevC++.
I am trying to migrate existing c++ 32 code to 64 code on windows7 with visual studio 2010.i never did 64bit compilation before. with the help of internet references i did the setup for 64 bit compilation. like VS2010 with 64 bit compiler etc and other configuration changes.
In the preprocessor i removed WIN32 and added WIN64. i have some other pre-processors like OS_WIN_32 and some other which are specific in my code.
In the code wherever WIN32 was getting used i added extra condition as || WIN64 this is just to ensure that application should get compiled with win32 as well as win64.
When i am trying to compile the code i am getting the compilation error saying
fatal error C1189: #error : Only one of the WIN32 and WIN64 symbols should be defined
this error is coming from the local code where we have a check whether both WIN32 and WIN64 are defined. that code is as shown below.
#if defined WIN32 && defined WIN64
# error Only one of the WIN32 and WIN64 symbols should be defined
#endif
in VS2010 if macros are not enabled then the code inside the macro gets greyed out. in my code also the above error is greyed out. but still i am getting that error.
The code where i added WIN64 is including windows.h. for reference givine it below.
#if defined WIN32 || defined WIN64
#include <windows.h>
#include <process.h>
#endif
So my question is why i am getting this error? shouldnt we add windows.h for 64bit compilation.? i tried by commenting this inclusion but i am getting other errors wrt HANDLE which are used in the code.
If i go to WIN32 definition VS2010 is pointing to a definition in windef.h file. This file is present in Microsoft SDKs\windows\v7.0A\include folder i.e. not my local code.
for referance that definition is given below.
#ifndef WIN32
#define WIN32
#endif
So i want to know why compiler is getting both pre-processors WIN32 and WIN64.
Thanks in advance for your help.
You shouldn't define either yourself. The macro's that should be used to check this are
_WIN32 // always defined for Windows apps
_WIN64 // only defined for x64 compilation
These are defined by the compiler (see here).
Often, the IDE adds the unprefixed macros to the commandline to not let legacy projects which use the non-documented unprefixed versions fail to build. The fact that they work is not a reason to use them, when documented alternatives are present.
It boils down to this:
#ifdef _WIN32
// We're on Windows, yay!
#ifdef _WIN64
// We're on x64! Yay!
#else // _WIN64
// We're on x86 (or perhaps IA64, but that one doesn't matter anymore). Yay!
#endif // _WIN64
#else // _WIN32
// We're not on Windows, maybe WindowsCE or WindowsPhone stuff, otherwise some other platform
#endif
I'm compiling my application on a new box (vista 64) and now it doesn't compile anymore. The compiler gives me the error in the title. The problem seems(?) to be that HWINEVENTHOOK is defined twice in
windef.h
#if(WINVER >= 0x0400)
DECLARE_HANDLE(HWINEVENTHOOK);
#endif /* WINVER >= 0x0400 */
and then in winable.h it's
#if WINVER < 0x0500 // these structures and functions
// are in NT 5.00 and above winuser.h
typedef DWORD HWINEVENTHOOK;
However, I just looked up WINVER for vista and it is 0x0600 and windows XP is 0x0501 so why is DWORD being defined? I'm at a loss. Anyone help?
According to this MSDN forum thread:
winable.h was moved from the Windows
SDK in July 2005 because functionality
was duplicated in winuser.h. It was
determined at that time that efforts
would be better spent on updating
winuser.h to Windows Vista-level
functionality rather than updating the
functionality of both files.
What version of the Windows SDK are you using, and what Windows version is your code targetting? The target Windows version may be specified in a makefile, project file, or header file. Compiling your code on Vista doesn't necessarily mean that the target version is Vista.
Also, have you tried switching from winable.h to winuser.h?
You might need to explicitly set WINVER to the version corresponding to the minimum version of Windows you are targeting. I suspect its default value is not much above Win2K...
You could check its default value with a quick (untested) hack like this:
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
printf("WINVER=0x%04x\n", WINVER);
return 0;
}
Compiled as a console app and run at the command prompt it might provide a clue. Otherwise, you'll spend ages chasing through include files trying to identify where it set the default.
Edit: In general, it is safest to always specify WINVER for a project. Either do it in the project settings in Visual Studio (and for all builds, not just the current build!) or do it in a common header file included by every module in the project. Doing so explicitly will reduce the chance that different build environment might have a different assumption.