How should I make my C++ code shorter without using arrays? - c++

Question

I'm currently working on an exercise given to me by my university professor and one of the questions is to create a program using data structures which inputs data of any topic and outputs them in a neat format. The problem is the question specifically states to not use arrays, and shorter codes grants bonus marks. How should I shorten my code below?
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct musicRecord //structure name
{
//structure members
string title;
string artist;
string album;
string genre;
string releaseYear;
};
int main()
{
int numRecords;
musicRecord music1, music2, music3, music4, music5; //structure variables
//input
cout << "===================================================";
cout << "\nRecord No. 1"<< endl;
cout << "\nEnter the title : ";
getline(cin, music1.title);
cout << "\nEnter the artist's name : ";
getline(cin, music1.artist);
cout << "\nEnter the album name : ";
getline(cin, music1.album);
cout << "\nEnter the genre of the title : ";
getline(cin, music1.genre);
cout << "\nEnter the year the title was released : ";
getline(cin, music1.releaseYear);
cout << endl << "===================================================";
cout << "\nRecord No. 2" << endl;
cout << "\nEnter the title : ";
getline(cin, music2.title);
cout << "\nEnter the artist's name : ";
getline(cin, music2.artist);
cout << "\nEnter the album name : ";
getline(cin, music2.album);
cout << "\nEnter the genre of the title : ";
getline(cin, music2.genre);
cout << "\nEnter the year the title was released : ";
getline(cin, music2.releaseYear);
cout << endl << "===================================================";
cout << "\nRecord No. 3" << endl;
cout << "\nEnter the title : ";
getline(cin, music3.title);
cout << "\nEnter the artist's name : ";
getline(cin, music3.artist);
cout << "\nEnter the album name : ";
getline(cin, music3.album);
cout << "\nEnter the genre of the title : ";
getline(cin, music3.genre);
cout << "\nEnter the year the title was released : ";
getline(cin, music3.releaseYear);
cout << endl << "===================================================";
cout << "\nRecord No. 4" << endl;
cout << "\nEnter the title : ";
getline(cin, music4.title);
cout << "\nEnter the artist's name : ";
getline(cin, music4.artist);
cout << "\nEnter the album name : ";
getline(cin, music4.album);
cout << "\nEnter the genre of the title : ";
getline(cin, music4.genre);
cout << "\nEnter the year the title was released : ";
getline(cin, music4.releaseYear);
cout << endl << "===================================================";
cout << "\nRecord No. 5" << endl;
cout << "\nEnter the title : ";
getline(cin, music5.title);
cout << "\nEnter the artist's name : ";
getline(cin, music5.artist);
cout << "\nEnter the album name : ";
getline(cin, music5.album);
cout << "\nEnter the genre of the title : ";
getline(cin, music5.genre);
cout << "\nEnter the year the title was released : ";
getline(cin, music5.releaseYear);
//output
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
cout << endl << "\t\t\t\t\t\tMUSIC RECORDS";
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
cout << endl << setw(5) << "Record No. |" << setw(10) << " Title" << setw(25) << "| Artist " << setw(20) << "| Album " << setw(20) << "| Genre " << setw(25) << "| Release Year |";
cout << endl << "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cout << endl << setw(12) << left << " 1";
cout << setw(27) << left << music1.title;
cout << setw(21) << left << music1.artist;
cout << setw(20) << left << music1.album;
cout << setw(20) << left << music1.genre;
cout << setw(15) << left << music1.releaseYear;
cout << endl << "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cout << endl << setw(12) << left << " 2";
cout << setw(27) << left << music2.title;
cout << setw(21) << left << music2.artist;
cout << setw(20) << left << music2.album;
cout << setw(20) << left << music2.genre;
cout << setw(15) << left << music2.releaseYear;
cout << endl << "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cout << endl << setw(12) << left << " 3";
cout << setw(27) << left << music3.title;
cout << setw(21) << left << music3.artist;
cout << setw(20) << left << music3.album;
cout << setw(20) << left << music3.genre;
cout << setw(15) << left << music3.releaseYear;
cout << endl << "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cout << endl << setw(12) << left << " 4";
cout << setw(27) << left << music4.title;
cout << setw(21) << left << music4.artist;
cout << setw(20) << left << music4.album;
cout << setw(20) << left << music4.genre;
cout << setw(15) << left << music4.releaseYear;
cout << endl << "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cout << endl << setw(12) << left << " 5";
cout << setw(27) << left << music5.title;
cout << setw(21) << left << music5.artist;
cout << setw(20) << left << music5.album;
cout << setw(20) << left << music5.genre;
cout << setw(15) << left << music5.releaseYear;
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
cout << endl << "\t\t\t\t\tEND OF PROGRAM, THANK YOU";
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
return 0;
}

Answer 1

As you might notice, you copy/paste code for each of your variables.
So create function to avoid to duplicate code, for example:
musicRecord inputMusicRecord(int recordNb)
{
musicRecord res;
cout << "===================================================";
cout << "\nRecord No. " << recordNb << endl;
cout << "\nEnter the title : ";
getline(cin, res.title);
cout << "\nEnter the artist's name : ";
getline(cin, res.artist);
cout << "\nEnter the album name : ";
getline(cin, res.album);
cout << "\nEnter the genre of the title : ";
getline(cin, res.genre);
cout << "\nEnter the year the title was released : ";
getline(cin, res.releaseYear);
return res;
}
void print(const musicRecord& music)
{
cout << endl << setw(12) << left << " 1";
cout << setw(27) << left << music.title;
cout << setw(21) << left << music.artist;
cout << setw(20) << left << music.album;
cout << setw(20) << left << music.genre;
cout << setw(15) << left << music.releaseYear;
}
And then, you might do:
void print_header()
{
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
cout << endl << "\t\t\t\t\t\tMUSIC RECORDS";
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
cout << endl << setw(5) << "Record No. |" << setw(10) << " Title" << setw(25) << "| Artist " << setw(20) << "| Album " << setw(20) << "| Genre " << setw(25) << "| Release Year |";
}
void print_separator()
{
cout << endl << "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
}
void print_footer()
{
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
cout << endl << "\t\t\t\t\tEND OF PROGRAM, THANK YOU";
cout << endl << "================================================================================================================";
}
int main()
{
const musicRecord music1 = inputMusicRecord(1);
const musicRecord music2 = inputMusicRecord(2);
const musicRecord music3 = inputMusicRecord(3);
const musicRecord music4 = inputMusicRecord(4);
const musicRecord music5 = inputMusicRecord(5);
print_header();
print_separator();
print(music1);
print_separator();
print(music2);
print_separator();
print(music3);
print_separator();
print(music4);
print_separator();
print(music5);
print_footer();
}