I'm trying to create a program that would ask the person to write 10 integers, the program should print out the integers that has not already been written, meaning it skips the duplicate integers. I know that I'm supposed to have another for loop but how am I supposed to write it?
If I would write "10, 5, 6, 5, 9, 5" it would print out "10, 5, 6, 9"
This is my current code.
int main()
{
const int target = 10;
int num[target];
cout << "Write " << target << " integers by space: ";
for (size_t i = 0; i < target; i++)
{
cin >> num[i];
cout << "[" << num[i] << "]"
<< " ";
}
};
The output is the same as the input. It never skips the same duplicate.
Some people tell me to use a nested for loop and have something like this, but I don't know how to implement it.
for (int i = 0; i < num.size(); i++) {
if (i > 0 && num[i - 1] == num[i]);
cout << num [I] << " ";
}
The easy way to do it is use both a std::unordered_set and a std::vector. The unordered_set can be used as the logic for determining whether the input is unique. If it is just add it to your vector.
A short example (with minimal input error handling) would be:
#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>
#include <limits>
int main (void) {
std::vector<int> vi{}; /* vector of int to preserve order */
std::unordered_set<int> us{}; /* set for ensuring only unique ints */
int i = 0, n = 5;
std::cout << "enter " << n << " integers\n";
while (i < n) {
int tmp;
std::cout << " " << i+1 << ") "; /* prompt for input */
if (std::cin >> tmp) { /* validate EVERY input */
if (us.find(tmp) == us.end()) { /* if tmp not in set */
us.insert(tmp); /* insert tmp in set */
vi.push_back(tmp); /* insert tmp in vector */
}
i++; /* only increment on good input */
}
else { /* handle error */
std::cerr << " error: invalid\n"; /* display error */
std::cin.clear(); /* clear stream state */
/* clear all characters to end of line */
std::cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
}
}
std::cout << "\nunique integers\n";
for (const auto& v : vi)
std::cout << " " << v;
std::cout << '\n';
}
Example Use/Output
$ ./bin/vector_unique_int
enter 5 integers
1) 2
2) bananas
error: invalid
2) 4
3) 5
4) 2
5) 4
unique integers
2 4 5
Look things over and let me know if you have questions.
I managed to solve it by using bool. I still don't know how I would write it in another way, please if there is provide me with another solution.
int main()
{
const int target = 10;
int num[target];
cout << "Write " << target << " integers by space: ";
for (int i = 0; i < target; i++)
{
cin >> num[i];
bool unique = true;
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
if (num[j] == num[i])
{
unique = false;
break;
}
if (unique)
cout << "[" << num[i] << "]"
<< " ";
}
return 0;
}
Output Was :
Write 10 integers by space: 10 5 10 3 2 5 1 10 9
[10] [5] [3] [2] [1] [9]
Related
i tried to separate even and odd numbers using vectors from a array ==>
so i made a function that returns true is number is even and false for if number is odd
then i used an if else statement where if the function returns true then it pushbacks the value in a vector and if the function returns false then it pushbacks the value in another vector , finally i printed all the elements in the vector but the output does not show any element except it shows one in the odd vector.
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
bool sort(int arr[] , int i){
if(arr[i] %2 == 0){
return true;
}
return false;
}
int main(){
int n;
cin >> n;
int *arr = new int[n];
for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
arr[i-1] = i;
}
vector <int> even , odd;
int i=0 ;
if(sort(arr , i)){
even.push_back(arr[i]);
sort(arr , i+1);
}else{
odd.push_back(arr[i]);
sort(arr,i+1);
}
cout << "the even numbers are : " << endl;
for(auto element:even){
cout << element << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << "the odd numbers are : " << endl;
for(auto element:odd){
cout << element << " ";
}
}
As #TonyDelroy said, you have to make for loop around call to sort(arr, i). Also first loop should go up to i <= n instead of i < n.
Your fixed working code below (see also std::partition_copy variant afterwards):
Try it online!
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
bool sort(int arr[] , int i){
if(arr[i] %2 == 0){
return true;
}
return false;
}
int main(){
int n;
cin >> n;
int *arr = new int[n];
for(int i=1 ; i<=n ; i++){
arr[i-1] = i;
}
vector <int> even , odd;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
if (sort(arr, i))
even.push_back(arr[i]);
else
odd.push_back(arr[i]);
cout << "the even numbers are : " << endl;
for(auto element:even){
cout << element << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << "the odd numbers are : " << endl;
for(auto element:odd){
cout << element << " ";
}
}
Input:
10
Output:
the even numbers are :
2 4 6 8 10
the odd numbers are :
1 3 5 7 9
As #chris said you can also use std::partition_copy to implement your algorithm:
Try it online!
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>
int main() {
int n = 0;
std::cin >> n;
std::vector<int> arr(n), odd, even;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
arr[i - 1] = i;
std::partition_copy(arr.cbegin(), arr.cend(),
std::back_insert_iterator(odd), std::back_insert_iterator(even),
[](auto const & x){ return (x & 1) == 1; });
std::cout << "the even numbers are : " << std::endl;
for (auto element: even)
std::cout << element << " ";
std::cout << std::endl << "the odd numbers are : " << std::endl;
for (auto element: odd)
std::cout << element << " ";
}
Input:
10
Output:
the even numbers are :
2 4 6 8 10
the odd numbers are :
1 3 5 7 9
You only push one element - the first.
Your partitioning code is equivalent to
if(sort(arr , 0)){
even.push_back(arr[0]);
sort(arr , 1);
}else{
odd.push_back(arr[0]);
sort(arr,1);
}
You need to loop over all the input numbers.
You can also simplify matters with a more generally useful evenness function that doesn't depend on an array:
bool is_even(int x) { return x % 2 == 0; }
and then there is no need to store all the inputs before processing them:
int main(){
vector <int> even , odd;
int n;
cin >> n;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
int x;
cin >> x;
if (is_even(x)) {
even.push_back(x);
}
else {
odd.push_back(x);
}
}
cout << "the even numbers are : " << endl;
for (auto element:even){
cout << element << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << "the odd numbers are : " << endl;
for (auto element:odd){
cout << element << " ";
}
}
I'm trying to get my homework done, but there is something is going wrong.
If a 2D array was in the main function, and I want to call a function, which its task is searching for an element in the 2D array, which the user enters the wanted element in the main function. If the wanted element was found, call a function to find its factorial then print the result in the main function, otherwise, call another function to show that the wanted element was not found.
I've tried the lines of code using Visual Studio 2019 as well as Dev C++.
My program does about 13 tasks which I organized them in a Switch Statement,
and the case of doing that task is Case number 9.
But once I enter the element I want to search in the console.
if the element existed in the array, the output always shows up like this:
"
Number 3 Found at position: 4
Factorial of 3 is: 6
3
"
whether the user entered 3 or else number.
Even if it was not found, the output is the same.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// declaring a function to search within B1 array.
int search_B1(int[][3], int, int);
// declaring a function to find the fatorial of the found element.
int fact_num(int);
// declaring a function to print out a searching error.
void search_error();
// This is the main function. Program execution begins and ends here.
int main()
{
int B1[3][3], i, j;
cout << " - Please enter the elements of B1 array: \n";
for (i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
{
for (j = 1; j <= 3; j++)
{
cout << "B1[" << i << "]" << "[" << j << "] = ";
cin >> B1[i][j];
}
}
...
...
...
case 9:
{
int num;
cout << endl << " Enter the element to search in B1 array: ";
cin >> num;
cout << endl << search_B1(B1, 3, num) << endl;
break;
}
}
/**********************************************************************/
// This function is called when user inserts '9'
int search_B1(int B1[][3], int num , int)
{
int i, j, flag = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
{
for (j = 1; j <= 3; j++)
{
if (num == B1[i][j])
{
flag = 1;
cout << " Number " << num << " Found at position: " << j + 1 << endl;
fact_num(num);
break;
}
}
}
if (flag == 0)
{
search_error();
}
return num;
}
/**********************************************************************/
// This function relates to ' search_B1 ' function.
int fact_num(int num)
{
int fact = 1, f;
for (f = 1; f <= num; f++)
{
fact *= f;
}
cout << " Factorial of " << num << " is: " << fact;
return fact;
}
/**********************************************************************/
// This function relates to ' search_B1 ' function.
void search_error()
{
cout << " The wanted number was not Found in the array!";
}
/**********************************************************************/
I expected the output of searching will be like this:
Example:
If the user entered the elements of the array as '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9' and searched about the element '9'
IF THE WANTED ELEMENTS WAS FOUND:
the output will be :
"Number 9 Found at position: 4
Factorial of 9 is: 362880"
IF THE WANTED ELEMENTS WAS NOT FOUND:
the output will be :
"The wanted number was not Found in the array!"
You have undefined behaviour filling and searching the array
for (i = 1; i <= 3; i++) // B[3][j] is never an element
{
for (j = 1; j <= 3; j++) // B[i][3] is never an element
Array indices start from 0. If you want to display indices from 1, do arithmetic in the output
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
std::cout << "B1[" << (i + 1) << "]" << "[" << (j + 1) << "] = ";
std::cin >> B1[i][j];
}
}
I have written a small program which compares two arrays with custom array size. Whenever I set the array size to 4, the program does not work correctly on comparing the fourth member of each array.
(when I set x to 4, the fourth array members does not get compared correctly)
This is the code:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x;
std::cin >> x;
int i =1;
int arr[x];
int arr2[x];
while(i <= x)
{
std::cout << "Enter row " << i << " of arr\n";
std::cin >> arr[i];
i++;
}
i = 1;
while(i <= x)
{
std::cout << "Enter row " << i << " of arr2\n";
std::cin >> arr2[i];
i++;
}
for(int a = 0;a <= x;a++)
{
if(arr[a] == arr2[a])
std::cout << "row " << a << " is true\n";
}
}
You have an out of bound access, which yields undefined behavior. Recall that indices into raw arrays start with zero, not with one. Hence,
int i = 0;
is the correct initialization of the index, while the first loop must be changed to
while (i < x) { /* ... */ }
Then, the assignment of i needs again to be adjusted to
i = 0;
and the two remaining loops to
while (i < x) { /* ... */ }
for (int a = 0; a < x; a++) { /* ... */ }
As a side note, you are using variable length arrays (arr and arr2), which is non-standard C++ (see this thread for more info). Prefer std::vector for a simple container with runtime-dependant size.
i = 1;
while(i <= x)
{
std::cout << "Enter row " << i << " of arr2\n";
std::cin >> arr2[i];
i++;
}
you are storing element in array starts with 1 index
for(int a = 0;a <= x;a++)
{
if(arr[a] == arr2[a])
std::cout << "row " << a << " is true\n";
}
But comparing by starting from 0 index.
keep consistency either start from 0 or 1
for(int a = 1;a <= x;a++)
{
if(arr[a] == arr2[a])
std::cout << "row " << a << " is true\n";
}
it will work..
FizzBuzz program. The user enters numbers separated by a comma. The program reads input and lets the computer know if divisible by 3, 5 or both. When the user enters 15,5,30, the program will only output the first number, 15 and stops there. What am I doing wrong?
void processVector(vector<int> intVector)
{
bool loop;
for (int i = 0; i < intVector.size(); i++)
{
loop = true;
}
}
int main()
{
cout << "Welcome to the FizzBuzz program!" << endl;
cout << "This program will check if the number you enter is divisable by
3, 5, or both." << endl;
cout << "Please enter an array of numbers separated by a comma like so,
5,10,15" << endl;
cin >> userArray;
vector<int> loadVector(string inputString);
istringstream iss(userArray);
vector <int> v;
int i;
while (iss >> i);
{
v.push_back(i);
if (iss.peek() == ',')
iss.ignore();
if (i % 15 == 0)
{
cout << "Number " << i << " - FizzBuzz!" << endl;
}
else if (i % 3 == 0)
{
cout << "Number " << i << " Fizz!" << endl;
}
else if (i % 5 == 0)
{
cout << "Number " << i << " Buzz!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "Number entered is not divisable by 3 or 5." << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
}
Here is how I would approach the problem:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
int main() {
std::cout << "!!!Hello World!!!" << std::endl; // prints !!!Hello World!!!
std::cout << "Please enter your numbers seperated by a comma (5, 3, 5, 98, 278, 42): ";
std::string userString;
std::getline(std::cin, userString);
std::vector<int> numberV;
size_t j = 0; // beginning of number
for(size_t i = 0; i < userString.size(); i++){
if((userString[i] == ',') || (i == userString.size() -1)){ // could also use strncmp
numberV.push_back(std::stoi(userString.substr(j, i))); // stoi stands for string to int, and .substr(start, end) creates a new string at the start location and ending at the end location
j = i + 1;
}
}
for(size_t n = 0; n < numberV.size(); n++){
std::cout << numberV[n] << std::endl;
}
return(0);
}
This should give you a method to solve the problem (without handling the fizzbuzz part of your program) that I personally find simpler.
The basic form for using functions is:
<return type> <function_name(<inputs)>{
stuff
};
So, a basic function that takes a string and returns a vector (what you are wanting) would be:
std::vector myStringToVector(std::string inputString){
std::vector V;
// your code (see the prior example for one method of doing this)
return(V);
};
It also looks like they want a separate function for outputting your vector values, this could look something like:
void myVectorPrint(std::vector inputVector){
// your code (see prior example for a method of printing out a vector)
};
Thank you #Aaron for the help. Here is the finished code and it works great!
I had to take a little more time researching a few things and trying to understand which order and what to put where in terms of the functions and how to call them. I appreciate all the help as I said I am a noob.
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include<sstream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
vector<int> loadVector(string inputString)
{
stringstream ss(inputString);
vector <int> numberV;
int n;
size_t j = 0; // beginning of number
for (size_t n = 0; n < inputString.size(); n++)
{
if ((inputString[n] == ',') || (n == inputString.size() - 1))
{
numberV.push_back(std::stoi(inputString.substr(j, n)));
j = n + 1;
}
}
return numberV;
}
void processVector(vector<int> intVector)
{
for (int i = 0; i < intVector.size(); i++)
{
int n = intVector.at(i);
if (n % 15 == 0)
{
cout << "Number " << n << " - FizzBuzz!" << endl;
}
else if (n % 3 == 0)
{
cout << "Number " << n << " Fizz!" << endl;
}
else if (n % 5 == 0)
{
cout << "Number " << n << " Buzz!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "Number entered is not divisable by 3 or 5." << endl;
}
}
}
int main()
{
cout << "Welcome to the FizzBuzz program." << endl
<< "Please enter an array of numbers separated by comma's (5, 10, 15)"
<< endl;
string inputString;
getline(cin, inputString);
try
{
vector<int> intVector = loadVector(inputString);
processVector(intVector);
}
catch (const exception& e)
{
cout << "Exception caught: '" << e.what() << "'!;" << endl;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
For this program a user must enter 10 contestants and the amount of second it took for them to complete a swimming race. My problem is that I must output the 1st, 2nd and 3rd placers, so I need to get the three smallest arrays (as they would be the quickest times) but I'm unsure on how to do it. Here is my code so far.
string names[10] = {};
int times[10] = { 0 };
int num[10] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
int min1 = 0, min2 = 0, min3 = 0;
cout << "\n\n\tCrawl";
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
cout << "\n\n\tPlease enter the name of contestant number " << num[i] << ": ";
cin >> names[i];
cout << "\n\tPlease enter the time it took for them to complete the Crawl style: ";
cin >> times[i];
while (!cin)
{
cout << "\n\tError! Please enter a valid time: ";
cin.clear();
cin.ignore();
cin >> times[i];
}
if (times[i] < times[min1])
min1 = i;
cout << "\n\n\t----------------------------------------------------------------------";
}
system("cls");
cout << "\n\n\tThe top three winners of the Crawl style race are as follows";
cout << "\n\n\t1st Place - " << names[min1];
cout << "\n\n\t2nd Place - " << names[min2];
cout << "\n\n\t3rd Place - " << names[min3];
}
_getch();
return 0;
}
As you can see, it is incomplete. I know how to get the smallest number, but its the second and third smallest that is giving me trouble.
your code is full of errors:
what do you do with min2 and min3 as long as you don't assign them?? they are always 0
try checking: cout << min2 << " " << min3;
also you don't initialize an array of strings like that.
why you use an array of integers for just printing number of input:
num? instead you can use i inside loop adding to it 1 each time
to solve your problem use a good way so consider using structs/clusses:
struct Athlete
{
std::string name;
int time;
};
int main()
{
Athlete theAthletes[10];
for(int i(0); i < 10; i++)
{
std::cout << "name: ";
std::getline(std::cin, theAthletes[i].name);
std::cin.sync(); // flushing the input buffer
std::cout << "time: ";
std::cin >> theAthletes[i].time;
std::cin.sync(); // flushing the input buffer
}
// sorting athletes by smaller time
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
for(int j(i + 1); j < 10; j++)
if(theAthletes[i].time > theAthletes[j].time)
{
Athlete tmp = theAthletes[i];
theAthletes[i] = theAthletes[j];
theAthletes[j] = tmp;
}
// printing the first three athletes
std::cout << "the first three athelets:\n\n";
std::cout << theAthletes[0].name << " : " << theAthletes[0].time << std::endl;
std::cout << theAthletes[1].name << " : " << theAthletes[1].time << std::endl;
std::cout << theAthletes[2].name << " : " << theAthletes[2].time << std::endl;
return 0;
}
I hope this will give u the expected output. But i suggest u to use some sorting alogirthms like bubble sort,quick sort etc.
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int times[10] = { 0 };
int num[10] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
int min1 = 0, min2 = 0, min3 = 0,m;
string names[10] ;
cout << "\n\n\tCrawl";
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
cout << "\n\n\tPlease enter the name of contestant number " << num[i] << ": ";
cin >> names[i];
cout << names[i];
cout << "\n\tPlease enter the time it took for them to complete the Crawl style: ";
cin >> times[i];
cout<<times[i];
while (!cin)
{
cout << "\n\tError! Please enter a valid time: ";
cin.clear();
cin.ignore();
cin >> times[i];
}
if(times[i]==times[min1]){
if(times[min1]==times[min2]){
min3=i;
}else{min2 =i;}
}else if(times[i]==times[min2]){
min3=i;
}
if (times[i] < times[min1]){
min1 = i;
cout <<i;
}
int j=0;
while(j<i){
if((times[j]>times[min1])&&(times[j]<times[min2])){
min2 =j;
j++;
}
j++;
}
m=0;
while(m<i){
if((times[m]>times[min2])&&(times[m]<times[min3])){
min3 =m;
m++;
}
m++;
}
cout << "\n\n\t----------------------------------------------------------------------";
}
cout << "\n\n\tThe top three winners of the Crawl style race are as follows";
cout << "\n\n\t1st Place - " << names[min1];
cout << "\n\n\t2nd Place - " << names[min2];
cout << "\n\n\t3rd Place - " << names[min3];
return 0;
}
There is actually an algorithm in the standard library that does exactly what you need: std::partial_sort. Like others have pointed out before, to use it you need to put all the participant data into a single struct, though.
So start by defining a struct that contains all relevant data. Since it seems to me that you only use the number of the contestants in order to be able to later find the name to the swimmer with the fastest time, I'd get rid of it. Of course you could also add it back in if you like.
struct Swimmer {
int time;
std::string name;
};
Since you know that there always will be exactly 10 participants in a race, you can also go ahead and replace the C-style array by a std::array.
The code to read in the users then could look like this:
std::array<Swimmer, 10> participants;
for (auto& participant : participants) {
std::cout << "\n\n\tPlease enter the name of the next contestant: ";
std::cin >> participant.name;
std::cout << "\n\tPlease enter the time it took for them to complete the Crawl style: ";
while(true) {
if (std::cin >> participant.time) {
break;
}
std::cout << "\n\tError! Please enter a valid time: ";
std::cin.clear();
std::cin.ignore();
}
std::cout << "\n\n\t----------------------------------------------------------------------";
}
Partial sorting is now essentially a one-liner:
std::partial_sort(std::begin(participants),
std::begin(participants) + 3,
std::end(participants),
[] (auto const& p1, auto const& p2) { return p1.time < p2.time; });
Finally you can simply output the names of the first three participants in the array:
std::cout << "\n\n\tThe top three winners of the Crawl style race are as follows";
std::cout << "\n\n\t1st Place - " << participants[0].name;
std::cout << "\n\n\t2nd Place - " << participants[1].name;
std::cout << "\n\n\t3rd Place - " << participants[2].name << std::endl;
The full working code can be found on coliru.
This is not a full solution to your problem, but just meant to point you into the right direction...
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
template <int N>
struct RememberNsmallest {
int a[N];
RememberNsmallest() { std::fill_n(a,N,std::numeric_limits<int>::max()); }
void operator()(int x){
int smallerThan = -1;
for (int i=0;i<N;i++){
if (x < a[i]) { smallerThan = i; break;}
}
if (smallerThan == -1) return;
for (int i=N-1;i>smallerThan;i--){ a[i] = a[i-1]; }
a[smallerThan] = x;
}
};
int main() {
int a[] = { 3, 5, 123, 0 ,-123, 1000};
RememberNsmallest<3> rns;
rns = std::for_each(a,a+6,rns);
std::cout << rns.a[0] << " " << rns.a[1] << " " << rns.a[2] << std::endl;
// your code goes here
return 0;
}
This will print
-123 0 3
As you need to know also the names for the best times, you should use a
struct TimeAndName {
int time;
std::string name;
}
And change the above functor to take a TimeAndName instead of the int and make it also remember the names... or come up with a different solution ;), but in any case you should use a struct similar to TimeAndName.
As your array is rather small, you could even consider to use a std::vector<TimeAndName> and sort it via std::sort by using your custom TimeAndName::operator<.