I am trying to save the result of a picker to user defaults. The user default save operation occurs in the class UserData via method saveBase.
I have tried a similar technique successfully with a button but my call after the picker gives the famous error:
Type '()' cannot conform to view.
struct aboutView: View {
#EnvironmentObject var userData: UserData
#State private var baseEntry: Int = 0
let base = ["Level 1", "Level 2","Level 3","Level 4"]
var body: some View {
Text("comment")
Text("comment")
Text("comment")
Section {
Picker(selection: $baseEntry, label: Text("Select Base >")) {
ForEach(0 ..< self.base.count) {
Text(self.base[$0]).tag($0)
}
self.userData.saveBase(baseEntry: self.baseEntry)
}
}
.padding()
}
}
class UserData: ObservableObject {
#Published var baseCurr: Int
func saveBase(baseEntry: Int) -> () {
baseCurr = baseEntry
let defaults = UserDefaults.standard
defaults.set(self.baseCurr, forKey: "base")
}
}
In the body you can only use Views - you can't perform operations like:
self.userData.saveBase(baseEntry: self.baseEntry)
You may use onChange to save the value:
Picker(selection: $baseEntry, label: Text("Select Base >")) {
ForEach(0 ..< self.base.count) {
Text(self.base[$0]).tag($0)
}
.onChange(of: baseEntry) {
self.userData.saveBase(baseEntry: $0)
}
}
Note that you can also use #AppStorage to automate saving/reading from UserDefaults:
#AppStorage("base") var baseEntry = 0
and use in the Picker in the same way as a #State variable:
Picker(selection: $baseEntry, label: Text("Select Base >")) {
Related
I am making an app where I am showing different views based of user's selection by a picker. The binding value of the picker is initially set by UserDefaults in a viewModel. The problem is when I choose a picker value in my app, The picker automatically go back to initial state, as if someone forcing the picker not the change the values.
Settings ViewModel :
import Foundation
class SettingsViewModel:ObservableObject{
#Published var showSettings = false
//Here is the problem
#Published var choosenUserType = UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: "userType"){
didSet{
UserDefaults.standard.set(self.choosenUserType, forKey: "userType")
}
}
static var userTypes = ["Client", "Worker"]
}
Home View:
import SwiftUI
struct HomeView: View {
#StateObject var settingsVM = SettingsViewModel()
var body: some View {
VStack{
switch settingsVM.choosenUserType{
case "Client":
Text("This is client")
case "Worker":
Text("This is worker")
default:
Text("This is default")
}
}.navigationTitle("Tanvirgeek Co")
.navigationBarItems(trailing: Button(action: {
settingsVM.showSettings.toggle()
}, label: {
Text("Settings")
}))
.sheet(isPresented: $settingsVM.showSettings, content: {
SettingsView(dissmiss: $settingsVM.showSettings)
.environmentObject(settingsVM)
})
}
}
Settings View:
import SwiftUI
struct SettingsView: View {
#EnvironmentObject var settingVM:SettingsViewModel
#Binding var dissmiss:Bool
var body: some View {
VStack{
Picker(selection: $settingVM.choosenUserType, label: Text("Choose User Type"), content: {
ForEach(SettingsViewModel.userTypes, id: \.self) { userType in
Text("\(userType)")
}
})
Button(action: {
dissmiss.toggle()
}, label: {
Text("Dismiss")
})
}
}
}
What I am doing wrong? How to change the picker's binding variable value through the picked value here?
Your choosenUserType ends up with an inferred type of String? because that's what UserDefaults.string(forKey:) returns.
The Picker's selection type needs to match exactly with the tag type. The tags (which are inferred in this case as well) are of type String.
I've solved this by giving a default value to choosenUserType so that it can be a String (not String?):
class SettingsViewModel:ObservableObject{
#Published var showSettings = false
#Published var choosenUserType : String = UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: "userType") ?? SettingsViewModel.userTypes[0] {
didSet{
UserDefaults.standard.set(self.choosenUserType, forKey: "userType")
}
}
static var userTypes = ["Client", "Worker"]
}
Also, in your SettingsView, you don't have to interpolate the userType in the Text -- you can just provide it directly:
struct SettingsView: View {
#EnvironmentObject var settingVM:SettingsViewModel
#Binding var dissmiss:Bool
var body: some View {
VStack{
Picker(selection: $settingVM.choosenUserType, label: Text("Choose User Type")) {
ForEach(SettingsViewModel.userTypes, id: \.self) { userType in
Text(userType)
}
}
Button(action: {
dissmiss.toggle()
}, label: {
Text("Dismiss")
})
}
}
}
UIKit used to support TableView Cell that enabled a Blue info/disclosure button. The following was generated in SwiftUI, however getting the underlying functionality to work is proving a challenge for a beginner to SwiftUI.
Generated by the following code:
struct Session: Identifiable {
let date: Date
let dir: String
let instrument: String
let description: String
var id: Date { date }
}
final class SessionsData: ObservableObject {
#Published var sessions: [Session]
init() {
sessions = [Session(date: SessionsData.dateFromString(stringDate: "2016-04-14T10:44:00+0000"),dir:"Rhubarb", instrument:"LCproT", description: "brief Description"),
Session(date: SessionsData.dateFromString(stringDate: "2017-04-14T10:44:00+0001"),dir:"Custard", instrument:"LCproU", description: "briefer Description"),
Session(date: SessionsData.dateFromString(stringDate: "2018-04-14T10:44:00+0002"),dir:"Jelly", instrument:"LCproV", description: " Description")
]
}
static func dateFromString(stringDate: String) -> Date {
let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
dateFormatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX") // set locale to reliable US_POSIX
dateFormatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ"
return dateFormatter.date(from:stringDate)!
}
}
struct SessionList: View {
#EnvironmentObject private var sessionData: SessionsData
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
List {
ForEach(sessionData.sessions) { session in
SessionRow(session: session )
}
}
.navigationTitle("Session data")
}
// without this style modification we get all sorts of UIKit warnings
.navigationViewStyle(StackNavigationViewStyle())
}
}
struct SessionRow: View {
var session: Session
#State private var presentDescription = false
var body: some View {
HStack(alignment: .center){
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text(session.dir)
.font(.headline)
.truncationMode(.tail)
.frame(minWidth: 20)
Text(session.instrument)
.font(.caption)
.opacity(0.625)
.truncationMode(.middle)
}
Spacer()
// SessionGraph is a place holder for the Graph data.
NavigationLink(destination: SessionGraph()) {
// if this isn't an EmptyView then we get a disclosure indicator
EmptyView()
}
// Note: without setting the NavigationLink hidden
// width to 0 the List width is split 50/50 between the
// SessionRow and the NavigationLink. Making the NavigationLink
// width 0 means that SessionRow gets all the space. Howeveer
// NavigationLink still works
.hidden().frame(width: 0)
Button(action: { presentDescription = true
print("\(session.dir):\(presentDescription)")
}) {
Image(systemName: "info.circle")
}
.buttonStyle(BorderlessButtonStyle())
NavigationLink(destination: SessionDescription(),
isActive: $presentDescription) {
EmptyView()
}
.hidden().frame(width: 0)
}
.padding(.vertical, 4)
}
}
struct SessionGraph: View {
var body: some View {
Text("SessionGraph")
}
}
struct SessionDescription: View {
var body: some View {
Text("SessionDescription")
}
}
The issue comes in the behaviour of the NavigationLinks for the SessionGraph. Selecting the SessionGraph, which is the main body of the row, propagates to the SessionDescription! hence Views start flying about in an un-controlled manor.
I've seen several stated solutions to this issue, however none have worked using XCode 12.3 & iOS 14.3
Any ideas?
When you put a NavigationLink in the background of List row, the NavigationLink can still be activated on tap. Even with .buttonStyle(BorderlessButtonStyle()) (which looks like a bug to me).
A possible solution is to move all NavigationLinks outside the List and then activate them from inside the List row. For this we need #State variables holding the activation state. Then, we need to pass them to the subviews as #Binding and activate them on button tap.
Here is a possible example:
struct SessionList: View {
#EnvironmentObject private var sessionData: SessionsData
// create state variables for activating NavigationLinks
#State private var presentGraph: Session?
#State private var presentDescription: Session?
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
List {
ForEach(sessionData.sessions) { session in
SessionRow(
session: session,
presentGraph: $presentGraph,
presentDescription: $presentDescription
)
}
}
.navigationTitle("Session data")
// put NavigationLinks outside the List
.background(
VStack {
presentGraphLink
presentDescriptionLink
}
)
}
.navigationViewStyle(StackNavigationViewStyle())
}
#ViewBuilder
var presentGraphLink: some View {
// custom binding to activate a NavigationLink - basically when `presentGraph` is set
let binding = Binding<Bool>(
get: { presentGraph != nil },
set: { if !$0 { presentGraph = nil } }
)
// activate the `NavigationLink` when the `binding` is `true`
NavigationLink("", destination: SessionGraph(), isActive: binding)
}
#ViewBuilder
var presentDescriptionLink: some View {
let binding = Binding<Bool>(
get: { presentDescription != nil },
set: { if !$0 { presentDescription = nil } }
)
NavigationLink("", destination: SessionDescription(), isActive: binding)
}
}
struct SessionRow: View {
var session: Session
// pass variables as `#Binding`...
#Binding var presentGraph: Session?
#Binding var presentDescription: Session?
var body: some View {
HStack {
Button {
presentGraph = session // ...and activate them manually
} label: {
VStack(alignment: .leading) {
Text(session.dir)
.font(.headline)
.truncationMode(.tail)
.frame(minWidth: 20)
Text(session.instrument)
.font(.caption)
.opacity(0.625)
.truncationMode(.middle)
}
}
.buttonStyle(PlainButtonStyle())
Spacer()
Button {
presentDescription = session
print("\(session.dir):\(presentDescription)")
} label: {
Image(systemName: "info.circle")
}
.buttonStyle(PlainButtonStyle())
}
.padding(.vertical, 4)
}
}
I am new to xcode 11 and SwiftUI. I am working on a settings view for my app.
Created an ObservableObject with Published var dataType Int. In the settings view, i have a picker view where i pass in the settingsStore.dataType. It gives me below error.
Cannot convert value of type 'Int' to expected argument type
'Binding<SelectionValue>'
I know i can work around this by setting a #State var dataType in the view and passing in $dataTpye for the Picker and then assign the value to the settings object. Just wondering if there is a more straight forward method of doing it.
import SwiftUI
import Combine
struct SettingsView: View {
#ObservedObject var settingsStore: SettingsStore
var body: some View {
VStack {
Text("Settings").font(.title)
Text("Number of weeks in calendar view")
HStack (spacing: 28) {
Button (action: {
self.settingsStore.numberOfWeeks -= 1
}) {
Image(systemName: "minus.circle")
.resizable()
.frame(width:60, height:60)
}
Text("\(settingsStore.numberOfWeeks)")
.font(.system(size: 38.0))
Button (action: {
self.settingsStore.numberOfWeeks += 1
}) {
Image(systemName: "plus.circle")
.resizable()
.frame(width:60, height:60)
}
}
Text("Default data type")
Picker(selection: settingsStore.dataType, label: Text("Dafault Data Type")) {
Text("Blood Ketone Value (mmol/L)").tag(0)
Text("Ketostix").tag(1)
}.pickerStyle(SegmentedPickerStyle())
}
}
}
class SettingsStore: ObservableObject {
#Published var numberOfWeeks: Int {
didSet {
UserDefaults.standard.set(numberOfWeeks, forKey: "numberOfWeeks")
}
}
#Published var dataType: Int {
didSet {
UserDefaults.standard.set(dataType, forKey: "dataType")
}
}
init() {
self.numberOfWeeks = UserDefaults.standard.integer(forKey: "numberOfWeeks")
self.dataType = UserDefaults.standard.integer(forKey: "dataType")
}
}
struct SettingsView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
return SettingsView(settingsStore: SettingsStore())
}
}
The same notation, ie $, for ObservedObject properties,
Picker(selection: $settingsStore.dataType, label: Text("Dafault Data Type")) {
Text("Blood Ketone Value (mmol/L)").tag(0)
Text("Ketostix").tag(1)
}.pickerStyle(SegmentedPickerStyle())
Scenario:
I have a simple picker within a form.
I select a picker item (with chevron) from the form row.
I choose an item (row) from a list of items in the result panel.
The result panel slides away to reveal the original panel.
I am NOT able to repeat this procedure.
Here's my code:
class ChosenView: ObservableObject {
static let choices = ["Modal", "PopOver", "Circle", "CircleImage", "Scroll", "Segment", "Tab", "Multi-Line"]
#Published
var type = 0
}
struct ContentView: View {
#ObservedObject var chosenView = ChosenView()
#State private var isPresented = false
var body: some View {
VStack {
NavigationView {
Form {
Picker(selection: $chosenView.type, label: Text("The Panels")) {
ForEach(0..<ChosenView.choices.count) {
Text(ChosenView.choices[$0]).tag($0)
}
}
}.navigationBarTitle(Text("Available Views"))
.actionSheet(isPresented: $isPresented, content: {
ActionSheet(title: Text("Hello"))
})
}
Section {
Button(action: launchView) {
Text("Select: \(ChosenView.choices[chosenView.type])")
}
}
Spacer()
}
}
private func launchView() {
isPresented = true
}
}
What am I missing?
Why can't I repeat picker selection rather than having to reboot?
I want to change another unrelated #State variable when a Picker gets changed, but there is no onChanged and it's not possible to put a didSet on the pickers #State. Is there another way to solve this?
Deployment target of iOS 14 or newer
Apple has provided a built in onChange extension to View, which can be used like this:
struct MyPicker: View {
#State private var favoriteColor = 0
var body: some View {
Picker(selection: $favoriteColor, label: Text("Color")) {
Text("Red").tag(0)
Text("Green").tag(1)
}
.onChange(of: favoriteColor) { tag in print("Color tag: \(tag)") }
}
}
Deployment target of iOS 13 or older
struct MyPicker: View {
#State private var favoriteColor = 0
var body: some View {
Picker(selection: $favoriteColor.onChange(colorChange), label: Text("Color")) {
Text("Red").tag(0)
Text("Green").tag(1)
}
}
func colorChange(_ tag: Int) {
print("Color tag: \(tag)")
}
}
Using this helper
extension Binding {
func onChange(_ handler: #escaping (Value) -> Void) -> Binding<Value> {
return Binding(
get: { self.wrappedValue },
set: { selection in
self.wrappedValue = selection
handler(selection)
})
}
}
First of all, full credit to ccwasden for the best answer. I had to modify it slightly to make it work for me, so I'm answering this question hoping someone else will find it useful as well.
Here's what I ended up with (tested on iOS 14 GM with Xcode 12 GM)
struct SwiftUIView: View {
#State private var selection = 0
var body: some View {
Picker(selection: $selection, label: Text("Some Label")) {
ForEach(0 ..< 5) {
Text("Number \($0)") }
}.onChange(of: selection) { _ in
print(selection)
}
}
}
The inclusion of the "_ in" was what I needed. Without it, I got the error "Cannot convert value of type 'Int' to expected argument type '()'"
I think this is simpler solution:
#State private var pickerIndex = 0
var yourData = ["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"]
// USE this if needed to notify parent
#Binding var notifyParentOnChangeIndex: Int
var body: some View {
let pi = Binding<Int>(get: {
return self.pickerIndex
}, set: {
self.pickerIndex = $0
// TODO: DO YOUR STUFF HERE
// TODO: DO YOUR STUFF HERE
// TODO: DO YOUR STUFF HERE
// USE this if needed to notify parent
self.notifyParentOnChangeIndex = $0
})
return VStack{
Picker(selection: pi, label: Text("Yolo")) {
ForEach(self.yourData.indices) {
Text(self.yourData[$0])
}
}
.pickerStyle(WheelPickerStyle())
.padding()
}
}
I know this is a year old post, but I thought this solution might help others that stop by for a visit in need of a solution. Hope it helps someone else.
import Foundation
import SwiftUI
struct MeasurementUnitView: View {
#State var selectedIndex = unitTypes.firstIndex(of: UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: "Unit")!)!
var userSettings: UserSettings
var body: some View {
VStack {
Spacer(minLength: 15)
Form {
Section {
Picker(selection: self.$selectedIndex, label: Text("Current UnitType")) {
ForEach(0..<unitTypes.count, id: \.self) {
Text(unitTypes[$0])
}
}.onReceive([self.selectedIndex].publisher.first()) { (value) in
self.savePick()
}
.navigationBarTitle("Change Unit Type", displayMode: .inline)
}
}
}
}
func savePick() {
if (userSettings.unit != unitTypes[selectedIndex]) {
userSettings.unit = unitTypes[selectedIndex]
}
}
}
I use a segmented picker and had a similar requirement. After trying a few things I just used an object that had both an ObservableObjectPublisher and a PassthroughSubject publisher as the selection. That let me satisfy SwiftUI and with an onReceive() I could do other stuff as well.
// Selector for the base and radix
Picker("Radix", selection: $base.value) {
Text("Dec").tag(10)
Text("Hex").tag(16)
Text("Oct").tag(8)
}
.pickerStyle(SegmentedPickerStyle())
// receiver for changes in base
.onReceive(base.publisher, perform: { self.setRadices(base: $0) })
base has both an objectWillChange and a PassthroughSubject<Int, Never> publisher imaginatively called publisher.
class Observable<T>: ObservableObject, Identifiable {
let id = UUID()
let objectWillChange = ObservableObjectPublisher()
let publisher = PassthroughSubject<T, Never>()
var value: T {
willSet { objectWillChange.send() }
didSet { publisher.send(value) }
}
init(_ initValue: T) { self.value = initValue }
}
typealias ObservableInt = Observable<Int>
Defining objectWillChange isn't strictly necessary but when I wrote that I liked to remind myself that it was there.
For people that have to support both iOS 13 and 14, I added an extension which works for both. Don't forget to import Combine.
Extension View {
#ViewBuilder func onChangeBackwardsCompatible<T: Equatable>(of value: T, perform completion: #escaping (T) -> Void) -> some View {
if #available(iOS 14.0, *) {
self.onChange(of: value, perform: completion)
} else {
self.onReceive([value].publisher.first()) { (value) in
completion(value)
}
}
}
}
Usage:
Picker(selection: $selectedIndex, label: Text("Color")) {
Text("Red").tag(0)
Text("Blue").tag(1)
}.onChangeBackwardsCompatible(of: selectedIndex) { (newIndex) in
print("Do something with \(newIndex)")
}
Important note: If you are changing a published property inside an observed object within your completion block, this solution will cause an infinite loop in iOS 13. However, it is easily fixed by adding a check, something like this:
.onChangeBackwardsCompatible(of: showSheet, perform: { (shouldShowSheet) in
if shouldShowSheet {
self.router.currentSheet = .chosenSheet
showSheet = false
}
})
SwiftUI 1 & 2
Use onReceive and Just:
import Combine
import SwiftUI
struct ContentView: View {
#State private var selection = 0
var body: some View {
Picker("Some Label", selection: $selection) {
ForEach(0 ..< 5, id: \.self) {
Text("Number \($0)")
}
}
.onReceive(Just(selection)) {
print("Selected: \($0)")
}
}
}
iOS 14 and CoreData entities with relationships
I ran into this issue while trying to bind to a CoreData entity and found that the following works:
Picker("Level", selection: $contact.level) {
ForEach(levels) { (level: Level?) in
HStack {
Circle().fill(Color.green)
.frame(width: 8, height: 8)
Text("\(level?.name ?? "Unassigned")")
}
.tag(level)
}
}
.onChange(of: contact.level) { _ in savecontact() }
Where "contact" is an entity with a relationship to "level".
The Contact class is an #ObservedObject var contact: Contact
saveContact is a do-catch function to try viewContext.save()...
The very important issue : we must pass something to "tag" modifier of Picker item view (inside ForEach) to let it "identify" items and trigger selection change event. And the value we passed will return to Binding variable with "selection" of Picker.
For example :
Picker(selection: $selected, label: Text("")){
ForEach(data){item in //data's item type must conform Identifiable
HStack{
//item view
}
.tag(item.property)
}
}
.onChange(of: selected, perform: { value in
//handle value of selected here (selected = item.property when user change selection)
})