I have an ec2 instance with a load balancer and cloudfront attached and I want to prevent my s3 bucket files from being viewed unless the files are being requested on my website. How would I be able to do this? I've tried "referrer" (which doesn't work sometimes, and apprently not the best option) and I've tried using the "source ip" condition which just doesn't work, I've put in my website ip, my vpc ip from my load balancer, etc, just doesn't work (unless there's another way I have to do it, I would appreciate it if anyone told me). I just want a bucket policty that has a condition like so:
"Condition": {
** person is on my website **
}
If anyone has any ideas, that would be nice, thanks.
I can immediately think of 2 options:
Make your bucket private and instead reverse-proxy the images through your own website.
Make your bucket use Query String Authentication and have your website generate a short-lived QSA token (5 minutes?) for each visitor.
If your content is being served from Amazon S3 or Amazon CloudFront, you can use pre-signed URLs to grant time-limited access to private content.
For example, let's say that you have a photo-sharing website and all photos are private by default. Access can be provided as follows:
Users authenticate to your application
The user then requests access to a private object, or your application wishes to generate an HTML page that includes a link to a private object (eg in an <img> tag).
The application checks whether the user is permitted to access the object. If they are, the application generates a pre-signed URL and provides it in the HTML page or as a link.
The user's browser then uses the URL to request the private object, which sends the request to CloudFront or S3
CloudFront or S3 then checks whether the pre-signed URL is correctly signed and is still within the validity period. If so, it provides access to the object. If not, it returns Access Denied.
For more information, see:
Amazon S3 pre-signed URLs
Using Amazon CloudFront Signed URLs
Related
How to make aws s3 bucket public but restrict it to specific domain and localhost:3000 (for testing purpose).
Basically the s3 files will be accessed by the react.js website and we don't want the s3 files to be accessed outside the wwww.example.com domain and localhost:3000
Tried couple of things but doesn't seem to work.
Bucket policy - Not configured and not sure what to specify
Let me know the changes to be done to make it work.
How to make aws s3 bucket public but strict it to specific domain
Its not possible. At best you could Restricting access to a specific HTTP referer, but its not bullet proof. AWS writes:
Therefore, do not use aws:Referer to prevent unauthorized parties from making direct AWS requests.
You need proper authoritative mechanism and place your website behind some login screen, if you want to control access to it.
This question is in the same line of thought than Is it possible to give token access to link to amazon s3 storage?.
Basically, we are building an app where groups of users can save pictures, that should be visible only to their own group.
We are thinking of using either a folder per user group, or it could even be an independent S3 bucket per user group.
The rules are very simple:
Any member of Group A should be able to add a picture to the Group A folder (or bucket)
Any member of Group A should be able to read all pictures of the Group A folder (or bucket)
No member of Group A should not have access to any of the pictures
However, the solution used by the post mentioned above (temporary pre-signed URLs) is not usable, as we need the client to be able to write files on his bucket as well as read the files on his bucket, without having any access to any other bucket. The file write part is the difficulty here and the reason why we cannot use pre-signed URLs.
Additionally, the solution from various AWS security posts that we read (for example https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/writing-iam-policies-grant-access-to-user-specific-folders-in-an-amazon-s3-bucket/) do not apply because they show how to control accesses for IAM groups of for other AWS accounts. In our case, a group of users does not have an IAM account...
The only solutions that we see so far are either insecure or wasteful
Open buckets to everybody and rely on obfuscating the folder / bucket names (lots of security issues, including the ability to brute force and read / overwrite anybody's files)
Have a back-end that acts as a facade between the app and S3, validating the accesses. S3 has no public access, the bucket is only opened to an IAM role that the back-end has. However this is a big waste of bandwidth, since all the data would transit on the EC2 instance(s) of that back-end
Any better solution?
Is this kind of customized access doable with S3?
The correct way to achieve your goal is to use Amazon S3 pre-signed URLs, which are time-limited URLs that provides temporary access to a private object.
You can also Upload objects using presigned URLs - Amazon Simple Storage Service.
The flow is basically:
Users authenticate to your back-end app
When a user wants to access a private object, the back-end verifies that they are permitted to access the object (using your own business logic, such as the Groups you mention). If they are allowed to access the object, the back-end generates a pre-signed URL.
The pre-signed URL is returned to the user's browser, such as putting it in a <img src="..."> tag.
When the user's browser requests the object, S3 verifies the signature in the pre-signed URL. If it is valid and the time period has not expired, S3 provides the requested object. (Otherwise, it returns Access Denied.)
A similar process is used when users upload objects:
Users authenticate to your back-end app
They request the opportunity to upload a file
Your back-end app generates an S3 Pre-signed URL that is included in the HTML page for upload
Your back-end should track the object in a database so it knows who performed the upload and keeps track of who is permitted to access the object (eg particular users or groups)
Your back-end app is fully responsible for deciding whether particular users can upload/download objects. It then hands-off the actual upload/download process to S3 via the pre-signed URLs. This reduces load on your server because all uploads/downloads go direct to/from S3.
I need to restrict access to S3 objects using cloudfront. Hence the users will be hitting the cloudfront url instead of S3.
How do I specify which users can access the cloudfront URL.
I am aware of OAI and related bucket access but that does not allow me to restrict the user group.
I would use Signed URLs for this purpose. You can generate the URL for your specific user, share it with them, and limit access to that URL with the constraints available.
In one case I generated a very short-lived Signed URL and redirected the user to that URL, so it essentially only worked for the user who made the request. Limiting the lifetime to a few seconds and access to the client's IP address was sufficient for my case.
AWS docs here on Private Content: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudFront/latest/DeveloperGuide/PrivateContent.html
In my application we have to open some pdf files in a new tab on click of an icon using the direct s3 bucket url like this:
http://MyBucket.s3.amazonaws.com/Certificates/1.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=XXXXXXXXXXXXX&Expires=1522947975&Signature=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Some how i feel this is not secure as the user could see the bucket name, AWSAccessKeyId,Expiration and Signature. Is this still considered secure ? Or is there a better way to handle this ?
Allowing the user to see these parameters is not a problem because;
AWSAccessKeyId can be public (do not confuse with SecretAccessKey)
Expires and signature is signed with your SecretAccessKey so no one will be able to manipulate it (aws will validate it against you SecretKey)
Since you don't have public objects and your bucket itself is not public, then it is ok to the user knowing your bucket name - you will always need a valid signature to access the objects.
But I have two suggestions for you; 1. Use your own domain, so the bucket is not visible (you can use free SSL provided by AWS if you use CloudFornt), 2. Use HTTPS instead of plain HTTP.
And if for any reason you absolutely dont want your users to see AWS parameters, then I suggest that you proxy the access to S3 via your own API. (though I consider it unnecessary)
I see you access with http (with no SSL). You can do virtual hosting with S3 for multiple domains.
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/VirtualHosting.html
and create signed url based on your domain and you are good to go.
If you are using SSL, you can use Cloudfront
and configure cloudfront origin to point to your S3 bucket.
Hope it helps.
I'm storing user images on S3 which are readable by default.
I need to access the images directly from the web as well.
However, I'd like to prevent hackers from brute forcing the URL and downloading my images.
For example, my S3 image url is at http://s3.aws.com/test.png
They can brute force test and download all the contents?
I cannot set the items inside my buckets to be private because I need to access directly from the web.
Any idea how to prevent it?
Using good security does not impact your ability to "access directly from the web". All content in Amazon S3 can be accessed from the web if appropriate permissions are used.
By default, all content in Amazon S3 is private.
Permissions to access content can then be assigned in several ways:
Directly on the object (eg make an object 'public')
Via a Bucket Policy (eg permit access to a subdirectory if accessed from a specific range of IP addresses, during a particular time of day, but only via HTTPS)
Via a policy assigned to an IAM User (which requires the user to authenticate when accessing Amazon S3)
Via a time-limited Pre-signed URL
The most interesting is the Pre-Signed URL. This is a calculated URL that permits access to an Amazon S3 object for a limited period of time. Applications can generate a Pre-signed URL and include the link in a web page (eg as part of a <img> tag). That way, your application determines whether a user is permitted to access an object and can limit the time duration that the link will work.
You should keep your content secure, and use Pre-signed URLs to allow access only for authorized visitors to your web site. You do have to write some code to make it work, but it's secure.