Querying Django model object - django

Question

I can query the user's profile using the user_id in the UserProfile model below. But I would like to use the username in the django.contrib.auth.models.User.username in the urls instead.
The urls.py currently looks like:
path('profile/<int:user_id>', login_required(views.UserProfileDetail), name='userprofile'),
So as against the above urls, I would like to use something like:
path('profile/<str:username>', login_required(views.UserProfileDetail), name='userprofile'),
Any idea how to write the query correctly? All attempts so far returns an error
views.py:
def UserProfileDetail(request, user_id, *args, **kwargs):
profile = UserProfile.objects.get(user_id = user_id)
profile_display = {'profiledetail': profile }
return render(request, 'main/userprofile.html', context=profile_display)
this is what the model looks like:
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='userprofile')
userPhone = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
location = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)

Answer 1

You can accept both a user_id and a username with a default value, and then query with Q objects to look for a UserProfile where at least one of the two matches. The paths guarantee that one is passed:
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.db.models import Q
#login_required
def UserProfileDetail(request, user_id=None, username=None):
profile = UserProfile.objects.get(
Q(user_id=user_id) | Q(user__username=username)
)
profile_display = {'profiledetail': profile }
return render(request, 'main/userprofile.html', context=profile_display)
You might want to use login_required as a decorator instead. This avoids wrapping the view each time in a login_required.
Note: Functions are normally written in snake_case, not PerlCase, therefore it is
advisable to rename your function to user_profile_detail, not UserProfileDetail.
Note: It is normally better to make use of the settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL [Django-doc] to refer to the user model, than to use the User model [Django-doc] directly. For more information you can see the referencing the User model section of the documentation.