while loop w/ 2 conditions does not work c++ - c++

I'm working on a minigame in C++ lately. The goal is to write a little game where you have to guesse a number. If you do so you'll get a point (I call it hit there) and if you don't you'll get a "miss". Logically speaking I don't want the game to go for ever. So I was trying to use a while loop to define at which scores you can still play. How you will be able to see in the code there are two conditions. Here is why I asked you: As long as there are two conditions it just ignores these so the game turns into an endless game. I don't recive any error-messages from VS2019. When I only try it w/ one condition it works just fine.
Here's the code:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Welcom to the Hit-or-Miss-minigame. Here are the rules:" << endl;
cout << "You have to guess the same number as the computer. The numbers are within 0 and 10(both are still included)." << endl;
cout << "If you do so, you'll get a 'HIT' but if you don't you'll get a 'MISS'. When you reach 10 'HIT's you win" << endl;
cout << "but if you get a 'MISS' 15 times you'll lose." << endl;
char rep = 'y';
while (rep == 'y')
{
int hits = 0;
int miss = 0;
while ((hits < 3||miss < 15)) //Somehow doesn't work. So why?
{
int input_number;
srand(time(NULL));
int random_number = rand() % 11;
cout << "Your number: ";
cin >> input_number;
if (input_number == random_number)
{
cout << "HIT" << endl;
hits += 1;
}
else if (input_number != random_number)
{
cout << "MISS" << endl;
miss += 1;
}
else if ((input_number > 10) || (input_number < 0))
{
cout << "That was not an option";
}
else
{
cout << "That's not supposed to happen." << endl;
}
}
if (hits == 10)
{
cout << "You've won! Do you want to play another round?(y/n)" << endl;
cin >> rep;
}
else if (miss == 15)
{
cout << "You lose! Do you want to play another round?(y/n)" << endl;
cin >> rep;
}
}
}
I really would appreciate any help. Thanks!
EDIT: Problem solved. THANK YOU GUYS!

if you want the game will end after 3 hits or 15 misses you should use the && operator and not the || operator
it is because the || operator will return true when at least one of the conditions true, the && operator will return true when both of the true

Like the other comment said you should use && in your while loop, because you can have 16 misses and 3 hits before the loop breaks(for example 2 < 3 || 25 < 15 returns true and is only false when you get 3 < 3 || 25 < 15), which won't enter any if below the while, and it will just reset the variables back to 0 (this makes the while infinite). Furthermore if you put && in the while you need to change the if statement for hits to hits == 3 or it will never happen.
Also as a side note your if statement for numbers below zero and bigger than 10 needs to be above the one where you check if the guessed number is a miss (because every number bigger than 10 and smaller than 0 is a miss).
Hope this helps

Related

What is wrong with my do...while logic, and continue logic?

I'm new to stackoverflow, and also somewhat new to programming, so please don't mind my poor formatting of the code. I have two problems with my code.
My continue statement, which I'm using to continue the loop if the player types 'y' or 'Y', doesn't work. It terminates the program after only getting the guess correctly, which leads me to:
2.My continue counter goes past 0 without stopping, and I just can't see my error in the logic of the program.
I can't see the problems with my logic.
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ctime>
#include <random>
using namespace std;
int getNumber(); //random number prototype
double getScore(); //gets score
int chances = 7; //chances to guess with
int main()
{
int guess = 0,
random;
char retry = 'y'; //initialize retry to 'y'
cout << "This is a random number guessing game. " << "You will be guessing between 1-100."
<< "You have 7 chances. Good luck! \n \n" << endl;
random = getNumber(); //give the function a variable
do
{
cout << random << "\n" << "\n";
chances--;
cout << "Enter your guess: ";
cin >> guess;
if (guess == random)
{
cout << "You have won the game! " << "Your score was: " << getScore();
cout << "Would you like to retry? (Y or N): ";
cin >> retry;
if (retry == 'y' || retry == 'Y')
{
chances = 7;
guess = 0;
getNumber();
continue; //player can retry the game
}
else if (chances == 0)
{
cout << "You have no chances left. Retry? (Y or N): ";
cin >> retry;
if (retry == 'y' || retry == 'Y')
{
chances = 7;
guess = 0;
getNumber();
continue;
}
}
return 0;
}
else if (guess != random)
cout << "You got it wrong. \n" << "You have: " << chances << " chances left" << endl << endl;
else
cout << "Incorrect Input. Please type a number." << endl << endl;
} while (guess != random);
return 0;
}
int getNumber()
{
unsigned seed = time(0); //seed the random number
srand(seed);
int randNum = rand() % 10 + 1; //random number in the range of 1-10
return randNum;
}
if (retry == 'y' || 'Y')
This is incorrect logic, which is why your code does not work the way you want it to. You want it to be:
if (retry == 'y' || retry == 'Y')
Fix this logic error in your other if-else statements as well.
You'll wanna take a look at this
Your continue statement is jumping to the end and checking the condition, guess != random, which evaluates to false and exits the do while. What you need to do is reset guess to a value such as 0 so that the condition does evaluate to true.

|| operator in while condition not working as expected

So I'm a new programmer and I decided to try and make this game. It is a basic, let's say person v. person game. You enter the amount of each team, in my case Ninjas and Samurai, and then it randomizes the attack chance of each and outputs the winner. Every time I run the program I input the number of each type, and I always get an output of the Ninjas having 0 health, and the Samurai having negative health. How would I be able to have the while loop end when one team gets to 0 health? I've tried using totalNinjaHealth != 0 || totalSamuraiHealth != 0 but the program runs infinitely.
#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int ninjas;
int NINJA_HEALTH = 2;
int NINJA_ATTACK = 2;
int samurai;
int SAMURAI_HEALTH = 3;
int SAMURAI_ATTACK = 1;
default_random_engine randomGen(time(NULL));
uniform_real_distribution<float> attackChance(0.0f, 1.0f);
cout << " *** Ninjas V Samurai *** " << endl;
cout << "Input amount of Ninjas" << endl;
cin >> ninjas;
cout << "Input amount of Samurai" << endl;
cin >> samurai;
int totalNinjaHealth = NINJA_HEALTH * ninjas;
int totalSamuraiHealth = SAMURAI_HEALTH * samurai;
cout << totalNinjaHealth << endl;
while (totalNinjaHealth > 0 == true || totalSamuraiHealth > 0 == true)
{
if (attackChance(randomGen) > 0.5f) {
totalSamuraiHealth -= NINJA_ATTACK;
cout << totalSamuraiHealth << endl;
}
else if(attackChance(randomGen) < 0.5f) {
totalNinjaHealth -= SAMURAI_ATTACK;
cout << totalNinjaHealth << endl;
}
}
if (totalNinjaHealth == 0) {
cout << "Ninjas lost all " << ninjas << " Ninjas. Samurai remaining " << totalSamuraiHealth << endl;
}
else if (totalSamuraiHealth == 0)
{
cout << "Samurai lost all " << ninjas << " Samurai. Ninjas that remain " << totalNinjaHealth / 2 << endl;
}
cin.get();
cin.get();
return 0;
}
Screenshot of what happens when ran:ConsoleWhenRan
Am I using the || operator incorrectly? I thought the || operator waits until one condition is true and then stops, but when I run the code It seems to wait until both either pass, or equal 0 giving the negative output.
You need to use the && operator. The || is the "or" operator and will evaluate to true when either one or both of the conditions are true. In your case, the while loop will continue to evaluate as long as one of your teams has health > 0. The "and" operator (&&) requires both conditions to be true for the statement to be evaluated as true.
What happens is:
You run the loop until either of the teams has positive total health. So the total health is for both of the teams is less/equal to zero.
Then you check the healths and you get your answer. It just so happens that in your case one of the teams died with exactly 0 health. In some cases though, the output should show neither the messages.

How could I exit from do-while loop?

I have these block of codes that belong to a NIM subtraction game. The thing that I would like to implement is that user is going to be able play the game as long as he/she wants. Simply if user enters 999 program will exit, otherwise user will be playing until he/she enters 999. Here is my block of codes. I am not sure that I make a logical mistake or I need to add some specific exit code. Thanks for your time and attention.
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int total, n;
while(true){
cout << "Welcome to NIM. \nEnter 999 to quit the game!\nPick a starting total: ";
cin >> total;
if(total==999)
break;
while(true){
//pick best response and print results.
if ((total % 3) == 2)
{
total = total - 2;
cout << "I am subtracting 2." << endl;
}
else
{
total--;
cout << "I am subtracting 1." << endl;
}
cout << "New total is " << total << endl;
if (total == 0)
{
cout << "I win!" << endl;
break;
}
// Get user’s response; must be 1 or 2.
cout << "Enter num to subtract (1 or 2): ";
cin >> n;
while (n < 1 || n > 2)
{
cout << "Input must be 1 or 2." << endl;
cout << "Re-enter: ";
cin >> n;
}
total = total - n;
cout << "New total is " << total << endl;
if (total == 0)
{
cout << "You win!" << endl;
break;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
You are modifying total inside the loop. Just test after cin>>total at the beginning if total==999 and break if true, i.e.
if(total==999)
break;
and replace the do-while loop by a while(true){}
In the do-while loop you are trying to compare character literal '999' with variable total that has type int.
}while(total!='999');
Though this code is valid its result can be something else than you are expecting. Values of character literals with more than one symbol are implementation defined.
You have to write
} while ( total != 999 );
Also if the player will enter 999 you start to play with him though you have to exit the game.
So in my opinion it is better to use while loop. For example
while ( true )
{
cout << "Welcome to NIM. \nEnter 999 to quit the game!\nPick a starting total: ";
cin >> total;
if ( total == 999 ) break;
// ...
}
you have to do three corrections in your code to make it right
first you have to check if total is equal to 999, then break in your do loop just after getting the total from user
second - you have to put same condition in your first while loop
and lastly - instead of while(total!='999') u shall write while(total!=999) because it is integer

I've know idea where to look, maybe it's an infinite loop? (C++, using VS2012) [closed]

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Closed 10 years ago.
Well, I'll introduce myself first. I'm Ben, a 17-years old 'game-programmer' from the Netherlands who just has begun to program in C++ (started about a month ago, but programming for a year right now) (and I'm using Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 as compiler). Now, I am 'learning it myself' but I still do use a book and that book is called 'Beginning C++ Through Game Programming, Third Edition' by Michael Dawson.
I just did finish with chapter two and the last excersize was: "Write a new version of the Guess My Number program in which the player and the computer switch roles. That is, the player picks a number and the computer must guess what it is."
Here follows the code of the 'Guess My Number' Program:
// Guess My Number
// The classic number guessing game
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(0))); //seed random number generator
int secretNumber = rand() % 100 + 1; // random number between 1 and 100
int tries = 0;
int guess;
cout << "\tWelcome to Guess My Number\n\n";
do
{
cout << "Enter a guess: ";
cin >> guess;
++tries;
if (guess > secretNumber)
{
cout << "Too high!\n\n";
}
else if (guess < secretNumber)
{
cout << "Too low!\n\n";
}
else
{
cout << "\nThat's it! You got it in " << tries << " guesses!\n";
}
} while (guess != secretNumber);
return 0;
}
Now, I was busy with thinking, programming testing and it just wouldn't work.
It seems I got stuck with such a infinite loop. But I can't find the problem.
Here's the code, and other ways to fix this are welcome, just keep in mind that I don't know a lot of the language. ;)
// Guess My Number 2
// The classic number guessing game with a twist
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(0)));
int secretNumberComputer = rand() % 100 + 1;
int secretNumberPlayer;
int triesPlayer = 0;
int triesComputer = 0;
int guessPlayer;
int guessComputer;
int tooHighPlayer;
int tooLowPlayer;
int correctPlayer;
int tooHighComputer;
int tooLowComputer;
int correctComputer;
int selectNumberIncorrect;
int lowerGuessComputer = 101;
int higherGuessComputer = 0;
cout << "Welcome to Guess My Number\n\n";
do
{
cout << "Enter a guess: ";
cin >> guessPlayer;
++triesPlayer;
tooHighPlayer = (guessPlayer > secretNumberComputer);
tooLowPlayer = (guessPlayer < secretNumberComputer);
correctPlayer = (guessPlayer == secretNumberComputer);
if (tooHighPlayer)
{
cout << "Too high!\n\n";
}
else if (tooLowPlayer)
{
cout << "Too low!\n\n";
}
else if (correctPlayer)
{
cout << "\nThat's it! You got it in " << triesPlayer << " guesses!\n\n";
break;
}
else
{
cout << "Error, check code!\n\n";
break;
}
} while (!correctPlayer);
cout << "Now it's time for you to pick a number and then the computer will guess.\nEnter a number between 1 and 100: ";
do
{
cin >> secretNumberPlayer;
selectNumberIncorrect = (secretNumberPlayer > 100 || secretNumberPlayer < 1);
if (selectNumberIncorrect)
{
cout << "\nHey, that isn't a number between 1 and 100! Please pick a number that is: ";
}
else
{
break;
}
} while (selectNumberIncorrect);
guessComputer = (rand() < lowerGuessComputer && rand() > higherGuessComputer);
cout << "\n\nNow the computer is going to try to guess your number:" << endl;
cout << "Computer, take a guess: " << guessComputer << endl;
++triesComputer;
tooHighComputer = (guessComputer > secretNumberPlayer);
tooLowComputer = (guessComputer < secretNumberPlayer);
correctComputer = (guessComputer == secretNumberPlayer);
lowerGuessComputer = (rand() % 100 + 1 && rand() < guessComputer);
higherGuessComputer = (rand() % 100 + 1 && rand() > guessComputer);
if (tooHighComputer)
{
cout << "Too High!\n\n";
guessComputer = lowerGuessComputer;
}
else if (tooLowComputer)
{
cout << "Too Low!\n\n";
guessComputer = higherGuessComputer;
}
else if (correctComputer)
{
cout << "\nThat's it! You got it in " << triesComputer << " guesses!\n\n";
}
else
{
cout << "Error, check code!\n\n";
}
do
{
cout << "Computer, take a guess: " << guessComputer << endl;
++triesComputer;
if (tooHighComputer)
{
cout << "Too High!\n\n";
guessComputer = lowerGuessComputer;
}
else if (tooLowComputer)
{
cout << "Too Low!\n\n";
guessComputer = higherGuessComputer;
}
else if (correctComputer)
{
cout << "\nThat's it! You got it in " << triesComputer << " guesses!\n\n";
break;
}
else
{
cout << "Error, check code!\n\n";
break;
}
} while (!correctComputer);
if (triesComputer < triesPlayer)
{
cout << "You lost against the computer!\n\n";
}
else if (triesComputer > triesPlayer)
{
cout << "You won!\n\n";
}
else
{
cout << "It's a tie!\n\n";
}
cout << "Thank you for playing! Goodbye!" << endl;
return 0;
}
In this block you aren't checking the computer's guess for correctness (assigning correctComputer), so the loop continues forever, unless it guessed correctly the first time.
do
{
cout << "Computer, take a guess: " << guessComputer << endl;
++triesComputer;
if (tooHighComputer)
{
cout << "Too High!\n\n";
guessComputer = lowerGuessComputer;
}
else if (tooLowComputer)
{
cout << "Too Low!\n\n";
guessComputer = higherGuessComputer;
}
else if (correctComputer)
{
cout << "\nThat's it! You got it in " << triesComputer << " guesses!\n\n";
break;
}
else
{
cout << "Error, check code!\n\n";
break;
}
} while (!correctComputer);
Your second do loop never recalculates the computer's guess.
i.e. you have the computer guess one number before the do loop, then in the loop you keep checking if that one guess is too high or too low, never recalculating its value. It'll obviously never end.
You need to do the computer's guess calculation inside the second loop.
EDIT
Also, this logic is incorrect:
lowerGuessComputer = (rand() % 100 + 1 && rand() < guessComputer);
higherGuessComputer = (rand() % 100 + 1 && rand() > guessComputer);
The guess will always be 0 or 1 because the result of the right-hand-side operation is a boolean. In fact, I don't know what you're trying to do there. You're performing && between an integer and a boolean. I also don't understand why you are calculating two different guesses - you should calculate one number within the range of the higher/lower parameters you were given.
In addition to what Kevin Tran wrote, please check the valid input type for cin.
Imagine someone typing characters instead of integers.
so
cin >> guessPlayer;
can be written as
if (cin >> guessPlayer) {
// Do you logic here
}
else {
cout<<"Enter numbers only. :)";endl;
continue;
}
Hope this helps.
Instead of analyzing the code you posted which has numerous flaws, let's just think about what your program has to do: The user will pick a random number, and the computer will try to guess that number.
So, your program flow should go like this:
The computer picks a random number. It prints it out and asks the user to choose if the number is too high, too low or correct. (i.e. by asking the user to type '1' if too high, '2' if too low or '3' if it's right).
If the user types '3' then obviously you're done.
If it's too high, the computer picks a new random number (smaller than it's last guess) and tries the above logic again.
If it's too low, the computer picks a new random number (greater than it's last guess) and tries the above logic again.
Now let's try and implement some code that implements the above:
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int range_low = 0; // The number the user picked is greater than this
int range_high = 100; // The number the user picked is smaller than this
srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(0)));
do
{
// We want to generate a random number between range_low and range_high. We do this
// by generating a random number between zero and the difference of "low" and "high"
// adding it to low and adding one more.
int guess = range_low + ((rand() % (range_high - range_low)) + 1);
cout << "I'm guessing your number is " << guess << "... how did I do?" << endl
<< " [1: too high, 2: too low, 3: you got it!] ";
// Now let's see how we did...
int choice;
cin >> choice;
if(choice == 3)
{
cout << "Be amazed at my psychic powers! For I am a computer!" << endl;
break;
}
if(choice == 2)
{
cout << "Hmm, ok. I was sure I had it. Let's try again!" << endl;
range_low = guess;
}
if(choice == 1)
{
cout << "Really? Ok, ok, one more try!" << endl;
range_high = guess;
}
} while(true);
return 0;
}
Here are two exercises for you to improve the above:
First, try to compare the logic of this code against the logic of your code and see where your code differs - try to understand why it was wrong. It will help to try to execute the program using pen and paper, just like you were a computer that understood C++.
Second, try to add code to ensure that the computer never guesses the same number twice.

while loop acting up... not doing what it should for some reason

I have this code for a simple Dice throwing program with betting units and everything... you bet, if you get it right you get the amount u bet times the amount of dice you chose... if you're wrong but by a little (in the range of the number you picked +- the number of dice u picked) you don't lose anything, and if you're really off you lose...
I have a while loop that basically keeps 2 things in mind: as long as the user either has BUs or if they didn't type "no" or "No" for the try again... but for some reason it just doesn't work... lol. any ideas why? the betting system works, it recognizes that betting.currentBU == 0, but the while loop just won't react lol.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <time.h>
#include <limits>
using namespace std;
struct Dices{ // structure containing all the dice related integers
int dice;
int total;
int choice;
} Dices = {0,0,0};
struct betting{ // structure containing all the betting integers
int currentBU;
int bettedBU;
} betting = {100, 0};
int DiceThrow(int dicechoice, int totalnum){ // a method for the dice being rolled
for(int i=1; i <= dicechoice;i++){
totalnum = totalnum + (rand() % 6 + 1); //total number, repeated by the loop for every dice
}
return totalnum;
}
int winningbet(int dicea, int cBU, int bBU){ // in case the user guesses it right
std::cout << "Congratulations, you got it right! \n";
cBU = cBU + (dicea * bBU); // give him money...
return(cBU);
}
int losingbet(int dicen, int totaln, int choicen, int cBU2, int bBU2){ //in case the user guesses wrong
if(choicen > (totaln+dicen) || choicen < (totaln+dicen)) // checks how wrong he is, if he's too off, he loses BUs
cBU2 = cBU2-bBU2;
else
std::cout << "you we're so close, you don't lose any BUs! \n"; //if he was really close, just let him know he was close
return(cBU2);
}
int main(){
string decision; // decision if they want to keep playing or not
srand ( (unsigned int)time(NULL) );
while(decision != "no" || decision != "No" || betting.currentBU != 0) // makes sure of the decision AND that he still has BUs
{
Dices.total = 0;
std::cout << "how many dice would you like to use? ";
std::cin >> Dices.dice;
std::cout << "how many How many BUs are you betting?(" << betting.currentBU << " BUs left) ";
std::cin >> betting.bettedBU;
if(betting.bettedBU > betting.currentBU){ // if he doesn't have enough BUs
std::cout << "Sorry, you don't have that many BUs...";
std::cout << "Want to try again with a different amount?(Yes/No) ";
std::cin >> decision;
}
else{
std::cout << "guess what number was thrown: ";
std::cin >> Dices.choice;
Dices.total = DiceThrow(Dices.dice, Dices.total);
if(Dices.choice == Dices.total){
betting.currentBU = winningbet(Dices.dice, betting.currentBU, betting.bettedBU);
std::cout << "Want to try again?(Yes/No) ";
std::cin >> decision;
} else{
std::cout << "Sorry, the number was " << Dices.total << "... better luck next time \n" ;
betting.currentBU = losingbet(Dices.dice, Dices.total, Dices.choice, betting.currentBU, betting.bettedBU);
if(betting.currentBU > 0){
std::cout << "Want to try again?(Yes/No) ";
std::cin >> decision;
}
}
}
}
if(betting.currentBU == 0){
std:cout << "sorry, you ran out of BUs...";
std::cin.ignore( std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n' );
}
else{
std::cout << "your final BU count is: " << betting.currentBU << "\n";
std::cout << "Thanks for playing, see you next time! (Press ENTER to terminate...)";
std::cin.ignore( std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n' );
}
return 0;
}
isn't it supposed to be:
while(decision != "no" && decision != "No" && betting.currentBU != 0)
We need to check if decision not equal to "no" AND not equal to "No" AND the currentBU not equal to 0
Your test is while (A || B || C), which will loop as long as ANY of those three things are true. Since decision can't be equal to both "no" and "No" at the same time, at least one of those two not-equals tests will always be true, so the loop will loop forever...