blkid on docker container - c++

Question

I am working on a legacy C++ project which uses functions from blkid/blkid.h to access files on the local hard disk.
Since the project is quite big and hard to compile/run, I thought it would be a good idea to run it in a container. Creating the dockerfile to create the images went fine, the problems started when actually running the legacy project in a container.
I get errors when trying to access files on the disk using "blkid_devno_to_devname" to get the device id on which to write.
Here is a sample program that reproduces my problem
#include <iostream>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <blkid/blkid.h>
int main() {
struct stat st;
std::string path = "my_file_path";
if (stat(path.data(), &st))
{
std::cout << "cannot get file statistics for file " << path << std::endl;
}
char *device_path = blkid_devno_to_devname(st.st_dev);
if(device_path == NULL)
{
std::cout << "cannot get device path for device ID " + std::to_string(st.st_dev) << std::endl;
}
}
On a regular file on my machine the device_path is not null, but running it on a docker always returns null.
What is not clear to me is how a docker container sees the disks it writes to.
To dig in, I looked into the different macros coming with stat (https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C_Programming/POSIX_Reference/sys/stat.h), I printed them on files on a container with different type of files (symlink, file, directory).
I modified the above little program to add this:
std::cout << "mode:" << st.st_mode << std::endl;
std::cout << "S_ISREG:" << S_ISREG(st.st_mode) << std::endl;
std::cout << "S_ISDIR:" << S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) << std::endl;
std::cout << "S_ISCHR:" << S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) << std::endl;
std::cout << "S_ISBLK:" << S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) << std::endl;
std::cout << "S_ISFIFO:" << S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) << std::endl;
std::cout << "S_ISLNK:" << S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) << std::endl;
std::cout << "S_ISSOCK:" << S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode) << std::endl;
I thought there would be a difference depending on the type of layer the docker writes to, but I don't see any.
Be it on a volume, mount, or even on container layer (I mean on files neither on a volume nor mount).
On a mount, I would have expected the device id to be correct since as I understand it the mount is giving the container access to a physical drive (at least in my case - may not be true in general).
So why is blkid_devno_to_devname not returning anything on a docker container?
What am I not understanding properly?
P.S. for the record, blkid or /etc/fstab don't return anything on a container either.
Notes to the readers about my system:
working on a VM on windows (Oracle VM) with ubuntu 18 installed.
docker version: 19.03.6
Driver: overlay2