Django - Query : Annotate Queryset with Related Model fields - django

Question

I have following Schema in Django with PostgreSQL.
Class Person (models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
email= models.CharField(max_legth = 255)
created_at = models.DateTimeField()
Class PersonTask(models.Model):
person = models.ForeignKey(Person)
title = models.TextField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField()
Class PersonHistory(models.Model):
person = models.ForeignKey(Person)
note = models.TextField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField()
Now I need to query the DB like all values of Person with latest PersonTask__title as max_task and latest PersonHistory__note as max_note
Eg:
<Queryset: [
{name: "abc" ,email:"abc#gmail.com",created_at :"2019-01-02", max_task:"This is my latest tasktitle" , max_note: "This is my latest history note"},
{name: "abcd" ,email:"abcd#gmail.com",created_at :"2019-03-02", max_task:"This is my latest tasktitle for abcd" , max_note: "This is my latest history note for abcd"}
]>
But, I could max get is either id of Latest Task and Latest History by
Person.objects.filter(customer_id= 1).\
annotate( max_task = Max('persontask')).\
annotate(max_note = Max('personhistory')).\
order_by('-id')
Or a random task or note texts using below query
Person.objects.filter(customer_id= 1).\
annotate( max_task = Max('persontask__title')).\
annotate(max_note = Max('personhistory__note')).\
order_by('-id')
How this can be tackled??

Answer 1

As you did not mention the ForeignKeys between these models, I suspect that Task and History have FK to Person in field named person.
I would use Subquery with combination of OuterRef to tackle this query
from django.db.models import OuterRef, Subquery
result = (
Person.objects
.filter(customer_id=1)
.annotate(
task_title=Subquery(Task.objects.filter(person=OuterRef('pk')).order_by('-created_at').values('title')[:1]),
history_note=Subquery(HistoryNote.objects.filter(person=OuterRef('pk')).order_by('-created_at').values('note')[:1])
)
.order_by('-id')
)

Answer 2

If tasks and history are related with person you need a relationship between your models.
something like this.
class PersonTask(models.Model):
person = models.ForeignKey(Person, related_name="tasks", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
title = models.TextField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField()
class PersonHistory(models.Model):
person = models.ForeignKey(Person, related_name="histories", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
note = models.TextField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField()
And then you could get last task and last history:
person = Person.objects.get(name="name")
person.tasks.last()
person.histories.last()