how to find keyword in string in c++ - c++

When you use a specific keyword, it is a matter of printing out all the words that contain that keyword. You shouldn't use arrays in solving problems.
I used the find() function to get the code that prints from the starting index of the keyword until ',' appears, but there is an error.
Here is the code:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <limits.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string data = "사랑,프로그래머,의자,사랑의바보,영통역,천년의사랑,냉장고,객체지향";
string keyword;
cout << "키워드 : ";
cin >> keyword;
int i = 0;
while (1) {
i = data.find(keyword, i);
if (i == INT_MAX) return 0;
while (data[i] != ',') {
cout << data[i] << " ";
i++;
}
}
}
Even if it compiles successfully, if the keyword is after the word, it cannot be printed.
In summary, my questions are:
Problems in the above code, assuming the keyword is in front of the word.
Idea to print the word even when the keyword is behind it.

std::string::find returns std::string::npos if it doesn't find anything.
The result is of type std::size_t and not int: std::size_t i = 0;
The inner while loop goes out of bounds after the last word: while (i < data.length() && data[i] != ',')
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string data = "사랑,프로그래머,의자,사랑의바보,영통역,천년의사랑,냉장고,객체지향";
string keyword;
cout << "키워드 : ";
cin >> keyword;
std::size_t i = 0;
while (1) {
i = data.find(keyword, i);
if (i == std::string::npos) return 0;
while (i < data.length() && data[i] != ',') {
cout << data[i] << " ";
i++;
}
}
}

Related

Detecting if input string has a space

I wrote this code to detect if an input string has a space or not. Please tell what is wrong in this approach.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string inp;
getline(cin, inp);
for (int i = 0; i < inp.length(); i++) {
string z = to_string(inp[i]);
if (z == " ") {
cout << "space";
}
else {
i++;
}
}
}
If i enter a string with spaces, it doesn't print "space".
Since inp is an std::string, inp[i] will be a char. Since std::to_string only has overloads for arithmetic, non-char values, calling it on a char is akin to calling it on the integer representation of said char. (If you log z, you'll likely find a number printed.)
Instead, directly compare inp[i] to a space. else { i++; } is also unnecessary – you may be jumping over spaces.
for (int i = 0; i < inp.length(); i++) {
if (inp[i] == ' ') { // note single quotes for char
cout << "space";
}
}
#TrebledJ's answer explains why your code is broken and how to fix it.
Another way to handle this situation is to use std::string::find() instead:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main(){
std::string inp;
std::getline(std::cin, inp);
if (inp.find(' ') != std::string::npos) {
std::cout << "space";
}
}
Alternatively, your original code tries to output "space" for each space character found. You could use find() in a loop:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main(){
std::string inp;
std::getline(std::cin, inp);
std::string::size_type idx = inp.find(' ');
while (idx != std::string::npos) {
std::cout << "space at " << idx << std::endl;
idx = inp.find(' ', idx+1);
}
}

print 2nd word in a string with its size in C++

I am trying to make a program in which a user enters a string and i will print out the second word in the string with its size.
The delimiter's are space( ), comma(,) and tab( ).
I have used a character array and fgets to read from user and a character pointer that points to the first element of the array.
source code:
#include"iostream"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
// extract the 2nd word from a string and print it with its size(the number of characters in 2nd word)
int main()
{
char arr[30], arr1[30];
char *str = &arr1[0];
cout<<"Enter a string: ";
fgets(str, 30, stdin);
int i = 0, j, count = 1, p = 0; // count is used to find the second word
// j points to the next index where the first delimiter is found.
// p is used to store the second word found in character array 'arr'
while(*(str+i) != '\n')
{
if(*(str+i) == ' ' || *(str+i) == ',' || *(str+i) == ' ')
{
count++;
if(count == 2)
{
// stroing 2nd word in arr character array
j = i+1;
while(*(str+j) != ' ' || *(str+j) != ',' || *(str+j) != ' ')
{
arr[p] = *(str+j);
cout<<arr[p];
p++;
i++;
j++;
}
break;
}
}
i++;
}
arr[p+1] = '\0'; // insert NULL at end
i = 0;
while(arr[i] != '\0')
{
cout<<arr[i];
i++;
}
cout<<"("<<i<<")"<<endl;
return 0;
}
Help me out with this.
To start, don't use std::cin for testing. Just set a value in your code for consistency and ease of development. Use this page for a reference.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main() {
std::string str("this and_that are the tests");
auto start = str.find_first_of(" ,\n", 0);
auto end = str.find_first_of(" ,\n", start + 1);
std::cout << str.substr(start, end - start);
return 0;
}
And this is still somewhat of a hack, it just depends where you are going. For instance the Boost library is rich with extended string manipulation. If you are going to parse out more than just one word it can still be done with string manipulations, but ad-hoc parsers can get out of hand. There are other tools like Boost Spirit to keep code under control.
The delimiters used when extracting from a stream depends on the locale currently in effect. One (cumbersome) way to change the extraction behaviour is to create a new locale with a special facet in which you specify your own delimiters. In the below example the new locale is used to imbue a std::stringstream instead of std::cin directly. The facet creation part is mostly copy/paste from other answers here on SO, so you'll find plenty of other examples.
#include <iostream>
#include <locale> // std::locale, std::ctype<char>
// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/locale/ctype_char
#include <sstream> // std::stringstream
#include <algorithm> // std::copy_n
#include <vector> // a container to store stuff in
// facet to create our own delimiters
class my_facet : public std::ctype<char> {
mask my_table[table_size];
public:
my_facet(size_t refs = 0)
: std::ctype<char>(&my_table[0], false, refs)
{
// copy the "C" locales table to my_table
std::copy_n(classic_table(), table_size, my_table);
// and create our delimiter specification
my_table[' '] = (mask)space;
my_table['\t'] = (mask)space;
my_table[','] = (mask)space;
}
};
int main() {
std::stringstream ss;
// create a locale with our special facet
std::locale loc(std::locale(), new my_facet);
// imbue the new locale on the stringstream
ss.imbue(loc);
while(true) {
std::string line;
std::cout << "Enter sentence: ";
if(std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
ss.clear(); // clear the string stream from prior errors etc.
ss.str(line); // assign the line to the string stream
std::vector<std::string> words; // std::string container to store all words in
std::string word; // for extracting one word
while(ss>>word) { // extract one word at a time using the special facet
std::cout << " \"" << word << "\" is " << word.size() << " chars\n";
// put the word in our container
words.emplace_back(std::move(word));
}
if(words.size()>=2) {
std::cout << "The second word, \"" << words[1] << "\", is " << words[1].size() << " chars\n";
} else {
std::cout << "did not get 2 words or more...\n";
}
} else break;
}
}
#include"iostream"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string>
#include <ctype.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char c;
string str;
char emp = ' ';
cout<<"Enter a string: ";
getline (cin,str);
int j = 0, count = 1, counter = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < str.length() && count != 2; i++)
{
cout<< str[i] <<endl;
if( isspace(str[i]) || str[i] == ',' || str[i] == '\t' )
{
count++;
if(count == 2)
{
j = i+1;
while(j < str.length())
{
if (isspace(str[j]) || str[j] == ',' || str[j] == '\t')
{
break;
}
cout<<str[j];
counter++;
j++;
}
cout<<endl;
}
}
}
cout<<"size of the word: "<<counter<<endl;
return 0;
}
This is a simple answer to what you want, hope to help you.
// Paul Adrian P. Delos Santos - BS Electronics Engineering
// Exercise on Strings
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
// Opening Message
cout << "This program will display the second word and its length.\n\n";
// Ask for a string to the user.
string input;
cout << "Now, please enter a phrase or sentence: ";
getline(cin, input);
// Count the number of words to be used in making a string array.
int count = 0;
int i;
for (i=0; input[i] != '\0'; i++){
if (input[i] == ' ')
count++;
}
int finalCount = count + 1;
// Store each word in a string array.
string arr[finalCount];
int j = 0;
stringstream ssin(input);
while (ssin.good() && j < finalCount){
ssin >> arr[j];
j++;
}
// Display the second word and its length.
string secondWord = arr[1];
cout << "\nResult: " << arr[1] << " (" << secondWord.size() << ")";
return 0;
}

C++ simple string program

beginner here
i wrote the below in C++, it's a short program that currently takes 2 words as inputs, and outputs the same words back but the words are split into even and odd instead. I would like to be able to do this for 'T' words instead, but I can't figure it out. I would like to be able to first input the number of words that will follow, for example 10. Then to input the words and get T results back. So instead of just 2 words, an unlimited amount with the user specifying.
I need to put the below into a function and go from there sometime, but I want to learn the best technique to do so - any advice please?
Thanks!
Alex
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int T;
cin >> T;
string FirstWord;
cin >> FirstWord;
int LengthFirst;
LengthFirst = FirstWord.length();
string EvenFirst;
string OddFirst;
for (int i = 0; i < LengthFirst; i += 2){
EvenFirst = EvenFirst + FirstWord[i];
}
for (int i = 1; i < LengthFirst; i += 2){
OddFirst = OddFirst + FirstWord[i];
}
string SecondWord;
cin >> SecondWord;
int LengthSecond;
LengthSecond = SecondWord.length();
string EvenSecond;
string OddSecond;
for (int i = 0; i < LengthSecond; i += 2){
EvenSecond += SecondWord[i];
}
for (int i = 1; i < LengthSecond; i += 2){
OddSecond += SecondWord[i];
}
cout << EvenFirst << " " << OddFirst << endl;
cout << EvenSecond << " " << OddSecond << endl;
return 0;
}
Think I got it here, I was over-thinking this one
I put it in a for loop, as below - so any number of words can be input, user has to input the number of test cases at the
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int T;
cin >> T;
for (int i = 0; i < T; i++){
string FirstWord;
cin >> FirstWord;
int LengthFirst;
LengthFirst = FirstWord.length();
string EvenFirst;
string OddFirst;
for (int i = 0; i < LengthFirst; i += 2){
EvenFirst = EvenFirst + FirstWord[i];
}
for (int i = 1; i < LengthFirst; i += 2){
OddFirst = OddFirst + FirstWord[i];
}
cout << EvenFirst << " " << OddFirst << endl;
}
return 0;
}
Ultimately, you are performing the same task N times.
First, let's discuss how to store the information. Functionally, we have one string as input which yields two strings as output. std::pair (from <utility>) lets us easily represent this. But for sake of even-odd, std::array might be a better representation for us. Since we have a variable number of words as input, a variable number of std::array will be output. std::vector (from <vector>) is our friend here.
Second, let's discuss how to process the information. Using named variables for each output component does not scale, so let's switch to a fixed array (noted below as array<string,2>. By switching to a fixed array for output, addressing each split becomes a function of the loop index (index % 2). Below is a solution that generalizes on a known split size at compile time.
#include <string>
#include <array>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int N;
std::cin >> N;
constexpr const int Split = 2;
using StringPack = std::array<std::string, Split>;
std::vector<StringPack> output;
for (int wordIndex = 0; wordIndex < N; ++wordIndex) {
std::string word;
std::cin >> word;
StringPack out;
{
int index = 0;
for (char c : word) {
out[index % Split] += c;
++index;
}
}
output.emplace_back(out);
}
for (const auto & out : output) {
for (const auto & word : out) {
std::cout << word << ' ';
}
std::cout << '\n';
}
}

Why is my C++ program only printing one character?

This program is suppose to generate passwords and compare to what the user inputed, if they match it breaks the while loop and outputs the user's input, but for some reason, the generated passwords are just one characters. I am new to C++, I just started like last Friday.
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string Password, Passwords;
cout << "Enter a password: ";
getline(cin, Password);
sleep(.7);
system("clear");
while(Password.compare(Passwords)!= 0)
{
for (int x = 0; x <= Password.length(); x++)
{
for (char Alpha = 'a'; Alpha <= 'z'; Alpha++)
{
if(Alpha == 'z')
{
Alpha = 'a';
}
for(int I=0; I <= 10; I++)
{
Passwords = Alpha + I;
system("clear");
sleep(.7);
cout << Passwords <<endl;
}
}
}
}
cout << "Password found: " << Passwords <<endl;
return 0;
}
After a long back and forward in the comments, the OP explained what was his purpose. To generate random words of the same size as input and stop when it matched the input.
This code does what you want. It's in c++14 so you need a recent compiler and to set the c++14 option. Please note the actual use of random.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <random>
#include <algorithm>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
using std::endl;
class RandomCharGenerator {
private:
static std::string s_chars_;
private:
std::random_device rd_{};
std::default_random_engine r_eng_{rd_()};
std::uniform_int_distribution<int> char_dist_{
0, static_cast<int>(s_chars_.size())};
public:
RandomCharGenerator() = default;
auto getRandomChar() -> char { return s_chars_[char_dist_(r_eng_)]; }
auto setRandomString(std::string &str) -> void {
std::generate(std::begin(str), std::end(str),
[this] { return this->getRandomChar(); });
}
};
std::string RandomCharGenerator::s_chars_ = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
auto main() -> int {
RandomCharGenerator rand_char;
auto input = std::string{};
cin >> input;
auto generated = std::string(input.size(), ' ');
do {
rand_char.setRandomString(generated);
cout << generated << endl;
} while (input != generated);
cout << "We generated what you input" << endl;
return 0;
}
For input longer than 4 characters it takes a long time to generate the input.
Ideone demo
To understand why you had only 1 char in your Passwords:
Passwords = Alpha + I;
Alpha is a char, I is an int. Their sum is an int. This is converted to char when assigning to Passwords which is a string. So Passwords is now a string composed of only one char.
It's not clear what that actual line of code was supposed to do, so can't tell you what would have been the fix. Maybe you meant to append to Passwords. Then you should have written Passwords += Alpha + I.
The code below is an example of what I am trying to make. I did not make the code below, am just giving you and example of what am trying to do in the code above
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <unistd.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string password;
string Generated;
cout << "Password to find: ";
cin >> password;
char Alpha[]={'a'-1,'a','a','a','a','a','a','a','a','a'};
while( password.compare(Generated) != 0 )
{
Alpha[0]++;
for(int x=0;x<password.length();x++)
{
if (Alpha[x] == 'z'+1)
{
Alpha[x] = 'a';
Alpha[x + 1]++;
}
}
Generated=Alpha[password.length()-1];
for(int i=password.length()-2; i>=0 ; i-- )
Generated+= Alpha[i];
system("clear");
cout << "Trying: "<< Generated << endl;
}
system("clear");
sleep(1);
cout <<"Access Granted: "<< Generated << endl;
return 0;
}

c++ find repeated substring within string

Im trying to find the number of times a substring repeats within a string input but for some reason when I call the function it gives me a weird number. I have already tested the function within main and it works fine but when I make a standalone function it doesn't work.
Thank you in advance
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int checkHope(string word1)
{
int answer;
int counter;
for(int i = 0; word1[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
answer = word1.find("h", i);
if ((word1.find("o", (answer+1)) == i+1) && (word1.find("e", (answer+3)) == i+3)) counter++;
}
return counter;
}
int main()
{
string word1;
cout << "Please enter a word to check how many times the word \"hope\" appears. You can also have any letter instead of p.: ";
getline(cin, word1);
cout << checkHope(word1);
return 0;
}
//This will work,
//Changes initialize counter to 0, add condition to check alphabet 'p' also in if condition
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int checkHope(string word1)
{
int answer;
int counter=0;
for(int i = 0; word1[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
answer = word1.find("h", i);
if ((word1.find("o", (answer+1)) == i+1)
&& (word1.find("p", (answer+2)) == i+2)
&& (word1.find("e", (answer+3)) == i+3))
counter++;
}
return counter;
}
int main()
{
string word1;
cout << "Please enter a word to check how many times the word \"hope\" appears. You can also have any letter instead of p.: ";
getline(cin, word1);
cout << checkHope(word1);
return 0;
}