how to read a matrix from a input stream in C++? - c++

I have an input from isstream
1 2
3 4
5 6
I would like to populate this from isstream overloading the >> operator
the input would be something like
Matrix m;
string input = "1 2 \n 3 4\n 5 6\n";
istringstream ss(input);
ss >> m;
how do I implement the >> operator to parse the matrix from isstream?
I have tried the code below but the peek call seems to ignoring the new line
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, Matrix& s)
{
vector<vector<int>> elements;
int n;
while (!is.eof())
{
vector<int> row;
while ((is.peek() != '\n') && (is >> n))
{
row.push_back(n);
}
is.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
elements.push_back(row);
}
return is;
}

The simplest way is to parse one line at a time:
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, Matrix& s)
{
std::vector<std::vector<int>> elements;
for (std::string line; std::getline(is, line);) {
std::istringstream line_iss{line};
std::vector<int> row(std::istream_iterator<int>{line_iss},
std::istream_iterator<int>{});
elements.push_back(std::move(row));
}
s.set(elements); // dump elements into s (adapt according to the interface of Matrix)
return is;
}

Related

storing input from text file into 2d array using vectors

So, I need to store the data from the text file into 2d array. I tried using vectors. So here is the sample data from the text file:
START 13
PID 11
CORE 120
SSD 0
CORE 60
SSD 0
CORE 20
SSD 0
I want to store this data as final_vec[x][y]. This is what I tried:
void read_file(const string &fname) {
ifstream in_file(fname);
string line;
vector<string> temp_vec;
vector<vector<string>> final_vec;
while ( getline (in_file,line) )
{
stringstream ss(line);
string value;
while(ss >> value)
{
temp_vec.push_back(value);
}
final_vec.push_back(temp_vec);
}
for (int i = 0; i < final_vec.size(); i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < final_vec[i].size(); j++)
cout << final_vec[i][j] << " ";
cout << endl;
}
}
int main()
{
read_file("test.txt");
return 0;
}
I get error:
main.cpp: In function ‘void read_file(const string&)’:
main.cpp:29:29: error: variable ‘std::stringstream ss’ has initializer but incomplete type
stringstream ss(line);
I am not sure if I am on the right track.
IMHO, a better solution is to model each line as a record, with a struct or class:
struct Record
{
std::string label;
int number;
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Record& r);
};
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Record& r)
{
input >> r.label;
input >> r.number;
return input;
}
The overloaded operator>> makes the input loop a lot simpler:
std::vector<Record> database;
Record r;
while (infile >> r)
{
database.push_back(r);
}
Rather than have a 2d vector of two different types, the above code uses a 1D vector of structures.

How to use getline() with multiple variables in the same line?

I'm trying to read each line from a file and store the data in each line. Say the line is "x y z". What arguments should the getline function use in order to read and store x, y and z individually?
void readData(Gene *data, int num)
{
int codeNum;
int i = 0;
int k = num;
ifstream inputFile;
inputFile.open("example.data");
inputFile >> codeNum;
while(i < k){
getline(inputFile, data[i].geneCode, data[i].MutCode[0],
data[i].MutCost[0], data[i].MutCode[1],
data[i].MutCost[1]);
i++;
}
This is what I have. Note that all the vars I'm trying to read are strings, and that k is the total number of lines. when trying to compile I get an error saying "no matching function to call to getline()" and something about "candidate function template not viable". Any idea what I'm doing wrong?
I highly recommend you use a vector of structures (or classes) rather than multiple, parallel arrays.
struct Mutation_Code_Cost
{
Mutation_Code_Type MutCode;
Mutation_Cost_Type MutCost;
};
struct Gene
{
Gene_Code_Type geneCode;
Mutation_Code_Cost mutation_info[2];
};
You can then overload operator>> to read in the structures from a text stream:
struct Mutation_Code_Cost
{
Mutation_Code_Type MutCode;
Mutation_Cost_Type MutCost;
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Mutation_Code_Cost& mcc);
};
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Mutation_Code_Cost& mcc)
{
input >> mcc.MutCode;
input >> mcc.MutCost;
return input;
}
struct Gene
{
Gene_Code_Type geneCode;
Mutation_Code_Cost mutation_info[2];
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Gene& g);
};
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Gene& g)
{
input >> g.geneCode;
input >> g.mutation_info[0];
input >> g.mutation_info[1];
return input;
}
You can the read from the file like so:
std::vector<Gene> database;
Gene g;
std::string record;
while (std::getline(input_file, record))
{
std::istringstream record_stream(record);
if (record >> g)
{
database.push_back(g);
}
}

How to assign each row of a text file to a new vector?

I am C++ noob, I have a text file with 4 rows and 3 columns, where each row corresponds to a sensor signal. How do I load each row to a separate vector<float>?
(0.165334,0) (0.166524,-0.0136064) (-0.144899,0.0207161)
(0.205171,0) (0.205084,-0.0139042) (-0.205263,0.0262445)
(0.216684,0) (0.215388,-0.0131107) (-0.193696,0.0251303)
(0.220137,0) (0.218849,-0.0135667) (-0.194153,0.025175)
This is what I have so far, but this code loads data as string. I want to load my final data as vector<vector<float>>?
vector<vector<string> > input;
ifstream fileFFT(Filename.c_str());
string line;
while(getline(fileFFT, line)){
if(line.empty()){
continue;
}
stringstream row(line);
vector<string> values((istream_iterator<string>(row)),(istream_iterator<string>())); //end
input.push_back(values);
}
Here's something to get you started:
class Point
{
public:
double x;
double y;
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Point& p);
};
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& input, Point& p)
{
char c;
input >> c; // Read open parenthesis
input >> p.x;
input >> c; // Read comma
input >> p.y;
input >> c; // Read closing parenthesis
return input;
};
//...
std::string row_text;
std::vector<std::vector<Point>> matrix;
while (std::getline(my_file, row_text))
{
std::vector<Point> row;
std::istringstream(row_text);
Point p;
while (row_text >> p)
{
row.push_back(p);
}
matrix.push_back(row);
}
I've created a Point class to represent the pair of floating point numbers.
I also overloaded operator>> to make reading a Point easier.
The loop reads one record or text line, then creates a vector of Point from the text line.
The record or row is then appended to the matrix.
You have half the answer already - use std::getline() to read each line, and then use std::(i)stringstream to process each line.
Now, what you are missing is the other half - parsing each line. And since you already know how to use std::istream_iterator, I would do something like this:
typedef std::pair<float, float> SensorValue;
typedef std::vector<SensorValue> SensorValues;
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream &in, SensorValue &out)
{
float f1, f2;
char ch1, ch2, ch3;
if (in >> ch1 >> f1 >> ch2 >> f2 >> ch3)
{
if ((ch1 == '(') && (ch2 == ',') && (ch3 == ')'))
out = std::make_pair(f1, f2);
else
in.setstate(std::ios_base::failbit);
}
return in;
}
...
std::vector<SensorValues> input;
std::ifstream fileFFT(Filename.c_str());
std::string line;
while (std::getline(fileFFT, line))
{
if (line.empty())
continue;
std::istringstream row(line);
SensorValues values;
std::copy(std::istream_iterator<SensorValue>(row), std::istream_iterator<SensorValue>(), std::back_inserter(values));
input.push_back(values);
}

Reading records with partly undefined size from file in C++

Let's say I have a struct
struct foo {
int a;
char b;
vector<int> c;
}
I would like to write a function, that will read vector < foo> from file bar.txt:
1 b 12 34 54
4 z 1 154
6 G 1 1 1 1
i. e. size of c for each foo is unknown in advance and may differ, delimiter between foo-s is '\n' character.
The only possibility I see is reading line-by-line into a string and somehow parsing it into foo, but it seems highly awkward. Is there any possibility of performing 'read-ints-until-eol' without that shamanic stuff?
Try something like this:
istream& operator >>(istream& is, foo& obj) {
if (!(is >> obj.a))
return is; // failed
if (!(is >> obj.b))
return is; // failed
obj.c.clear();
for (int temp; is >> temp; ) {
obj.c.push_back(temp);
}
return is;
}
ifstream file("bar.txt");
if (!file)
throw std::runtime_error("failed to open bar.txt");
string line;
while (getline(file, line)) { // each line is a foo
istringstream stream(line); // not efficient, but easy
foo obj;
if (stream >> obj) {
// do something with the foo
}
if (!stream.eof()) {
throw std::runtime_error("too much data?");
}
}

Overload stream operator for nested template C++ STL

I've got a data file that is a single line consisting of a nested series of doubles eg.
[[0.127279,0.763675,0.636396],[0.254558,0.890955,0.636396],
[0.127279,0.636396,0.763675],[0.254558,0.763675,0.763675],
[0.381838,0.890955,0.763675],[0.127279,0.509117,0.890955],
[0.254558,0.636396,0.890955],[0.509117,0.890955,0.890955]]
I'd like to be able to read this into a STL vector<vector<double> > using the stream operator which is templated across the inner type of A:
vector<vector<double> > A;
FIN >> A;
I've figured out a way to do this when the vector is not nested, ie. a simple vector<T> as so:
template <class T>
istream& operator>>(istream& s, vector<T> &A){
T x;
string token; char blank;
s >> blank; // Gobble the first '['
while( getline(s, token, ',') ) {
istringstream input(token);
input >> x;
A.push_back(x);
}
s >> blank; // Gobble the last ']'
return s;
}
But I'm having problem with the istream& operator>>(istream& s, vector<vector<T> >&A) part as I can't seem to catch the inner ]'s properly. I'm sure that Boost has a way of doing this, but I'd like to see a solution with the STL for pedagogical purposes.
Note: I'm aware that overloading the stream operator for vector<T> can have far-reaching undesirable consequences and that the implementation should be wrapped up in its own class - I'm using this example above as it stands to clarify the question.
EDIT:
I'd like the method to be robust enough to handle a input array whose size (and inner array) size is not known in advance, but inferred from reading the stream.
Actually, the problem with your code that you want to use the same function for both, when T is:
vector<double>
double
But the logic which needs to read the data into vector and double is slightly different. So you cannot do that, at least not with that simple logic:
I would prefer to write two functions, to handle both cases separately. After all, even in your case, the compiler will generate two different functions for each value of T.
template <class T>
istream& operator>>(istream& s, vector<T> &A)
{
T x;
string token; char blank;
s >> blank; // Gobble the first '['
while( getline(s, token, ',') )
{
istringstream input(token);
input >> x;
A.push_back(x);
}
// s >> blank; // Gobble the last ']'
return s;
}
template <class T>
istream& operator>>(istream& s, vector<vector<T>> &A)
{
vector<T> x;
string token;
char blank;
s >> blank; // Gobble the first '['
while( getline(s, token, ']') )
{
istringstream input(token);
input >> x;
s >> blank; //read , after [...]
A.push_back(x);
x.clear();
}
s >> blank; // Gobble the last ']'
return s;
}
Test code:
int main() {
vector<vector<double>> A;
cin >> A;
for(size_t i = 0 ;i < A.size(); ++i)
{
for(size_t j = 0 ; j < A[i].size(); ++j)
cout << A[i][j] <<" ";
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
Input:
[[1,2,3],[4,5,6],
[7,8,9],[10,11,12],
[13,14,15],[16,17,18],
[19,20,21],[22,23,24]]
Output:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18
19 20 21
22 23 24
Online demo : http://ideone.com/iBbmw
In your particular example which is very simple.
Read the whole line into a string.
Replace all [ , ] and , with whitespace character.
Create a simple stringstream with whitespace replaced string.
Now you can have a a simple loop of
double x;
while( stringstreamp >> x )
{
}
And some special logic after reading three doubles to insert them them into a new array.
Some years later, and I was here struggling with the same problem.
Based on your contribution, I developed a modified version of the original template. This one is able to parse multidimensional arrays, even if they are spread across several lines.
template <class T>
istream& operator>>(istream& s, vector<T> &A){
while(true){
T x;
char c = s.peek();
if( c == '[' || c == ','){
s.ignore();
if(s >> x) A.push_back(x);
else throw invalid_argument("Bad, bad JS array!");
continue;
}
if( c == ']') {
s.ignore();
return s;
}
/* Ignore line-break */
s.ignore();
}
return s;
}
Hope this can be useful for someone.