Not finding any solid answers that fit within the scope of my question.
I have a custom VPC established to allow communication between my SQL server and instance groups. My issues are limited connectivity to the SQL server from instances within the same region as the server itself.
Basically, I created a Cloud SQL instance within us-east region.
When I create a VM Instance within the same region as the SQL instance, I have no issues connecting to its private IP.
mysql -h{PRIVATE_IP} -uroot
However, running this same command from an instance in a different region results in a timeout. Both instances are configured the exact same and within the same VPC network.
I let Google allocate IP address pool for me when I created the IP. Created the private network connection within my custom VPC settings and tried tutorials provided in the Cloud Console documentation itself with no luck.
Any help getting me on the right track would be much appreciated. Thank you.
As documented, if you want to connect Cloud SQL from a Compute Engine instance using private IP, your instance must be in the same region as your Cloud SQL instance.
Keep in mind that your Cloud SQL instances are not created in your VPC network, those are created in a Google internal VPC network that then is peered to your VPC network.
Hope this helps!
Related
Is there an alternative to AWS's security groups in the Google Cloud Platform?
Following is the situation which I have:
A Basic Node.js server running in Cloud Run as a docker image.
A Postgres SQL database at GCP.
A Redis instance at GCP.
What I want to do is make a 'security group' sort of so that my Postgres SQL DB and Redis instance can only be accessed from my Node.js server and nowhere else. I don't want them to be publically accessible via an IP.
What we do in AWS is, that only services part of a security group can access each other.
I'm not very sure but I guess in GCP I need to make use of Firewall rules (not sure at all).
If I'm correct could someone please guide me as to how to go about this? And if I'm wrong could someone suggest the correct method?
GCP has firewall rules for its VPC that work similar to AWS Security Groups. More details can be found here. You can place your PostgreSQL database, Redis instance and Node.js server inside GCP VPC.
Make Node.js server available to the public via DNS.
Set default-allow-internal rule, so that only the services present in VPC can access each other (halting public access of DB and Redis)
As an alternative approach, you may also keep all three servers public and only allow Node.js IP address to access DB and Redis servers, but the above solution is recommended.
Security groups inside AWS are instance-attached firewall-like components. So for example, you can have a SG on an instance level, similar to configuring IP-tables on regular Linux.
On the other hand, Google Firewall rules are more on a Network level. I guess, for the level of "granularity", I'd say that Security Groups can be replaced to instance-level granularity, so then your alternatives are to use one of the following:
firewalld
nftables
iptables
The thing is that in AWS you can also attach security groups to subnets. So SG's when attached to subnets, are also kind of similar to google firewalls, still, security groups provide a bit more granularity since you can have different security groups per subnet, while in GCP you need to have a firewall per Network. At this level, protection should come from firewalls in subnets.
Thanks #amsh for the solution to the problem. But there were a few more things that were required to be done so I guess it'll be better if I list them out here if anyone needs in the future:
Create a VPC network and add a subnet for a particular region (Eg: us-central1).
Create a VPC connector from the Serverless VPC Access section for the created VPC network in the same region.
In Cloud Run add the created VPC connector in the Connection section.
Create the PostgreSQL and Redis instance in the same region as that of the created VPC network.
In the Private IP section of these instances, select the created VPC network. This will create a Private IP for the respective instances in the region of the created VPC network.
Use this Private IP in the Node.js server to connect to the instance and it'll be good to go.
Common Problems you might face:
Error while creating the VPC Connector: Ensure the IP range of the VPC connector and the VPC network do not overlap.
Different regions: Ensure all instances are in the same region of the VPC network, else they won't connect via the Private IP.
Avoid changing the firewall rules: The firewall rules must not be changed unless you need them to perform differently than they normally do.
Instances in different regions: If the instances are spread across different regions, use VPC network peering to establish a connection between them.
I am trying to move Cloud SQL from one subnet to another on my GCP project. Basically, I created a Cloud SQL instance, which used google managed service connection, and the IP range is allocated by Google default.
Where I want to switch to my own CIDR I setup via managed service connections created.
I am following the steps from Changing the private IP address of an existing Cloud SQL instance
Trying to switch to a temporary network/vpc before attaching back to my custom VPC with my own managed service connections.
$gcloud --project=myprj beta sql instances patch mydbid --network=tmp_vpc --no-assign-ip
The following message will be used for the patch API method. {"name": "mydbid", "project": "myprj", "settings": {"ipConfiguration": {"ipv4Enabled": false, "privateNetwork": "https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myprj/global/networks/tmp_vpc"}}} ERROR: (gcloud.beta.sql.instances.patch) HTTPError 400: This operation is not valid for this instance.
I am assuming you are using a Shared VPC.
Currently, it is not possible to assign a Private IP from a Shared VPC network to an existing Cloud SQL instance.
This operation is only possible when creating a new instance, as explained in the
Quick reference for Private IP topics
You can create Cloud SQL instances with private IP addresses in a
Shared VPC network. However, you cannot assign a private IP address in
a Shared VPC network to an existing Cloud SQL instance.
Here you can find a Feature Request opened for your use case.
Problem:
Hello, I have recently started using GCP. For a task, it is requied to connect my cloud sql instance with only private-ip present in my 'prod' project in 'vpc2' to an vm launched in diff project 'dev' in 'vpc1'.
Solution attempt:
I have made a private service connection from 'vpc2' for providing private-ip to my sql instance. and also i have done vpc peering b/w vpc1 & vpc2 with import/export of custom routes enabled.
But i am unable to access sql from vm.Curently i dont want to use shared vpc or sql proxy feature.
Thanks.
Actually, when you create a private IP for your Cloud SQL database, you create a peering between your VPC network and the Google Managed Network for your Cloud SQL instances. Therefore, you can't create another peering because you break the peering transitivity rule
Only directly peered networks can communicate. Transitive peering is not supported. In other words, if VPC network N1 is peered with N2 and N3, but N2 and N3 are not directly connected, VPC network N2 cannot communicate with VPC network N3 over VPC Network Peering.
There is several solution for this:
Set a public IP on the Cloud SQL instance, without any allowed network (for security reason) and use Cloud SQL proxy in your Dev project. It will be able to connect to the CLoud SQL instance through the public IP and with an encrypted protocol. But you don't want to use Cloud SQL proxy; and in addition you need to add a public IP on your prod Cloud SQL instance, you might be not authorized to do this!
Set up a Shared VPC. But it's not very easy to manage with lot of service limitation. And you don't want to use this solution
My latest bullet is to set up a Cloud VPN between your projects. It's a workaround but it works fine.
I had a similar problem, I have 2 projects A and B, and I needed to access the cloud sql instance in project B from project A I created a simple VPN instance with pritunl,configured the routes inside pritunl, after that I just created a VPN Ipsec between project A and B, with custom routes to the cloud sql, and it worked, now I can access the database using internal IP from my laptop locally.
I created an instance on GCP, but I am not able to access it.
This is similar to this one, but the proposed solution isn't working for me:
Unable to telnet to GCP MemoryStore
I have tried to telnet to it, I am in the same project and region, but apparently I need to be in the same network as it's a private ip, but what if you want to connect using the cloud shell? Also, how would an application running on my local machine access it?
I also included a firewall rule to make sure incoming connections are allowed.
To connect a client to a Cloud Memorystore for Redis instance, the client and the instance must be located in the same region, in same project and in the same VPC network. Please check the “Networking” document where you’ll have information on Basic network settings, limited and unsupported networks, network peering, IP address range.
You can connect to Redis from different GCP products like Compute Engine VM, Google Kubernetes Engine Cluster or Google Kubernetes Engine pod, but you can’t connect directly from the Cloud shell or from your local machine since they are not in your VPC network.
It may also have to do with a missing peering connection to your network. Check in your console at https://console.cloud.google.com/networking/peering/ to see if the peering is set up properly.
Using terraform you can use the following docs: https://www.terraform.io/docs/providers/google/r/redis_instance.html
I want to connect to Cloud SQL from a different GCP project.
Cloud SQL is location in ProjectSQL and a VPC network is there in ProjectSQL project with name sql_vpc
There is another project ProjectDataflow and this has a vpc dataflow_vpc. I want to connect to cloudSQL from ProjectSQL with the VM launched in ProjectDataflow project
Things I have tried with success and failure.
Private ACCESS:
VPC Peering:
Enable Private IP access in Cloud with the vpc sql_vpc
Creating VPC peering between dataflow_vpc and sql_vpc
This solution does not work because you can not access the Peered Network.
https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/mysql/private-ip
Status: FAILED
Shared Network
As per doc I can create the CloudSQL in shared VPC network, that says I
have to create the CloudSQL in host project, and to access the Cloud
SQL from VM instance, it has be in the same network as of authorized
private ip network of Cloud SQL
Status: NOT TRIED but looks to be Negative
Public Access:
Create a Cloud NAT in ProjectDataflow with dataflow_vpc with manual IP
Use the Cloud NAT public ip to whitelist in CloudSQL instance
Now I can access the CloudSQL from project ProjectDataflow using CloudSQL Public IP
STATUS: Success
Please share your experience accessing Cloud SQL from another project.
Is there any best practice to connect cloud SQL from another gcp project?
EDIT:
Newer instances seem to be having this option enabled by default and there's no need to contact support anymore. However, if after all the process, the setup is still not working, it may be needed to contact support.
IMPORTANT: The VPC peering option will not work anymore, as stated in the documentation, more precisely in the Considerations topic. Then the only available option to achieve it is using Shared VPCs
The process of interconnecting a Cloud SQL with another GCP project it is pretty straightforward following the documentation. The only thing you need to take into consideration in order to make it work is that you will have to request Google Cloud Support to enable custom routes for your Cloud SQL speckle umbrella instance in which your Cloud SQL is running under otherwise you won’t be able to access your Cloud SQL within your GCP project.
The following steps will work for you:
-Configuring VPC for Cloud SQL instance
Inside the project where you have your Cloud SQL instance, create a
VPC network with the ip address range of your desire. Choose the same
zone for the VPC in which your instance is located.
-Configuring VPC for GCP project
Now switch to the project where your CloudDataflow instance is located
and follow the same process. Create the VPC network being careful that
the IP ranges do not collide between each other. You can use the following tool to
check if the IP addresses range collide. Also take into consideration
that both VPC networks must be in the same zone.
-Connecting VPC of both projects with peering
Once both VPC networks are created it is needed to configure the VPC
network peering from both projects. From the Cloud SQL instance side,
configure the peering specifying the project and VPC network name to
connect with and also select the option to export custom routes. This
way the other part of the peering, in this case your GCP project, will
have visibility of your Cloud SQL instance. Now, from the GCP project
side, configure the peering specifying the Cloud SQL project name and
the VPC network name to connect with. The same way we did with the
Cloud SQL peering, we have to set up the peering to import custom
routes as it will receive exported routes coming from the other side
of the connection, which in our case is your Cloud SQL instance.
Here you can check more information about importing and exporting routes between any VPC network peerings.
-Request Google Cloud Support to enable for you the exchange custom routes for your Cloud SQL
Reach Google Cloud Support and ask them to enable the exchange of
custom routes for your speckle-umbrella VPC network associated with
your instance that is automatically created upon the Cloud SQL
instance is created.
Take into consideration that this last step is very important, all SQL projects run under the umbrella project, hence without requesting Google Cloud Support to enable the exchange custom routes for your instance this will never work.
Shared VPC
As for Shared VPC, the only thing you need to take into consideration is that you need to enable the option once creating your Cloud SQL instance as you can’t add it afterwards.
You will find a configuration guide for Shared VPC in the following link.