Plain structure from OneToOne-related models (Django Rest Framework) - django

Question

Models:
class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
age = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
# More Person fields
class Student(models.Model):
person = models.OneToOneField(
Person, on_delete=models.PROTECT, primary_key=True)
year_of_study = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
# More Student fields
Serializers:
class PersonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Person
fields = '__all__'
class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
person = PersonSerializer()
class Meta:
model = Student
fields = '__all__'
Views:
class StudentView(viewsets.ReadOnlyModelViewSet):
renderer_classes = [JSONRenderer]
parser_classes = [JSONParser]
queryset = Student.objects.all()
serializer_class = StudentSerializer
Requesting single Student:
{
"person": {
"id": 1,
"name": "Example Name",
"age": 20
},
"year_of_study": 3
}
But I need to work with plain structure like:
{
"id": 1,
"name": "Example Name",
"age": 20,
"year_of_study": 3
}
Where (in serializer or in view or somewhere else) and how should I do it?
I only need GET requests (using ReadOnlyModelViewSet because of it). But if would also be nice to know how to create/update/delete such structure as well.

Answer 1

you can create serializer like below
class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
name = serilizer.CharFiled(source="person.name")
person_id = serilizer.IntegerFiled(source="person.id")
age = serilizer.IntegerFiled(source="person.age")
class Meta:
model = Student
exclude = ('person',)

Answer 2

You have person = PersonSerializer() which outputs the person's data. Remove this line and it'll display just person_id.
Now if you want a combination of GETs returning person data but POSTs using the person_id, you can do the following:
person = PersonSerializer(read_only=True)
person_id = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(
queryset=Person.objects.all(),
source='person',
write_only=True,
)