Iterate over a list of objects - c++

Question

In JavaScript I might iterate over a set of objects containing data, like this:
const components = [
{
id: 1,
pin: "A0",
name: "light"
},
{
id: 2,
pin: "A1",
name: "sound"
},
{
id: 1,
pin: "A0",
name: "heat"
},
]
for (const component of components) {
const value = analogRead(component.pin);
console.log(`${component.name}:value`)
}
I often have a need to use code like this on the Arduino, but I'm not sure how I'd go about it.
NOTE: I'm not looking for an exact translation of this into C++; I want to know what the standard pattern is for achieving this is when using Arduino.

Answer 1

You can use C structure. To do so you need to declare a structure first describing your object type.
struct component
{
int id;
char pin[10];
char name[50];
};
component components[] = {
{
1,
"A0",
"light"},
{
2,
"A1",
"sound"},
{
1,
"A0",
"heat"}
};
int main ()
{
int len = sizeof(components)/sizeof(components[0]);
for (int i=0 ; i<len ; i++)
{
printf("{ id: %d , pin: \"%s\" , name: \"%s\" }\n",components[i].id, components[i].pin, components[i].name);
}
return 0;
}
Output:
{ id: 1 , pin: "A0" , name: "light" }
{ id: 2 , pin: "A1" , name: "sound" }
{ id: 1 , pin: "A0" , name: "heat" }

Answer 2

If you're using modern C++ (11 or newer, which I understand arduino support), and your data is stored in an array you can simply do the following:
int values[5] = { 16, 2, 77, 40, 12071 }
for(auto const& value: values) {
// Do stuff
}