I am wanting to create a file and save it to json format. Every example I find specifies the 'open' method. I am using Python 2.7 on Windows. Please help me understand why the 'open' is necessary for a file I am saving for the first time.
I have read every tutorial I could find and researched this issue but with no luck still. I do not want to create the file outside of my program and then have my program overwrite it.
Here is my code:
def savefile():
filename = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(initialdir =
"./Documents/WorkingDirectory/",title = "Save file",filetypes = (("JSON
files","*.json"), ("All files", "*.")))
with open(filename, 'r+') as currentfile:
data = currentfile.read()
print (data)
Here is this error I get:
Exception in Tkinter callback Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python27\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1542, in call
return self.func(*args) File "C:\Users\CurrentUser\Desktop\newproject.py", line 174, in savefile
with open(filename, 'r+') as currentfile: IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory:
u'C:/Users/CurrentUser/Documents/WorkingDirectory/test.json'
Ok, I figured it out! The problem was the mode "r+". Since I am creating the file, there is no need for read and write, just write. So I changed the mode to 'w' and that fixed it. I also added the '.json' so it would be automatically added after the filename.
def savefile():
filename = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(initialdir =
"./Documents/WorkingDirectory/",title = "Save file",filetypes = (("JSON
files","*.json"), ("All files", "*.")))
with open(filename + ".json", 'w') as currentfile:
line1 = currentfile.write(stringone)
line2 = currentfile.write(stringtwo)
print (line1,line2)
Related
I have a Python script that in my mind should:
Open a file
Save its content in a variable
For each line in the variable:
Edit it with a regular expression
Append it to another variable
Write the second variable to the original file
Here is a MWE version of the script:
# [omitting some setup]
with open(setFile, 'r') as setFile:
olddata = setFile.readlines()
newdata = ''
for line in olddata:
newdata += re.sub(regex, newset, line)
with open(setFile, 'w') as setFile:
setFile.write(newdata)
When I run the script I get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File C:\myFolder\myScript.py, line 11, in <module>
with open(setFile, 'w') as setFile:
TypeError: expected str, bytes or os.PathLike object, not _io.TextIOWrapper
As far as I can understand, Python is complaining about receiving the setFile variable as an argument of open() because it isn't of the expected type, but then why did it accept it before (when I only read the file)?
I suppose that my mistake is quite evident but, as I am a neophyte in Python, I can't find out where it is. Could anyone give me a help?
just curious why you are using the same variable name for your file and then as your filehandler and then again in your next with function.
_io.TextIOWrapper is the object from your previous open, which has been asssigned to the setFile variable.
try:
with open(setFile, 'r') as readFile:
olddata = readFile.readlines()
newdata = ''
for line in olddata:
newdata += re.sub(regex, newset, line)
with open(setFile, 'w') as writeFile:
writeFile.write(newdata)
I want to download multiple specific links(images´ urls) into a txt file(or any file where all links can be listed underneath each others).
I get them but the code wrtite each link on the top of the other one and at the end it stays only a link :(. Also I want not repeated urls
def dlink(self, image_url):
r = self.session.get(image_url, stream=True)
with open('Output.txt','w') as f:
f.write(image_url + '\n')
The issue is most simply that opening a file with mode 'w' truncates any existing file. You should change 'w' to 'a' instead. This will open an existing file for writing, but append instead of truncating.
More fundamentally, the problem may be that you are opening the file over and over in a loop. This is very inefficient. The only time the approach you use could be really useful is if your program is approaching the OS-imposed limit on number of open files. If this is not the case, I would recommended putting the loop inside the with block, keeping the mode as 'w' since you open the file just once now, and passing the open file to your dlink function.
Edit
Huge mistake of my part, as it is a method, and you will call it several times, if you open it in write mode ('w') or similar, it will Overwrites the existing file if the file exists.
So, if you use the 'a' way, you can see that:
Opens a file for appending. The file pointer is at the end of the file
if the file exists. That is, the file is in the append mode. If the
file does not exist, it creates a new file for writing.
The other problem radics in image_url is a list, so you need to write it line by line:
def dlink(self, image_url):
r = self.session.get(image_url, stream=True)
with open('Output.txt','a') as f:
for url in list(set(image_url)):
f.write(image_url + '\n')
another way to do it:
your_file = open('Output.txt', 'a')
r = self.session.get(image_url, stream=True)
for url in list(set(image_url)):
your_file.write("%s\n" % url)
your_file.close() #dont forget close it :)
the file open mode is wrong，'w' mode make this file was overwritten every time you open it,not appended to it. replace it to 'a' mode.
you can see this https://stackoverflow.com/a/23566951/8178794 for more detail
Open a file with option w overwrite the file if existring, use the mode a to append data to an existing file.
Try :
import requests
from os.path import splitext
# use mode='a' to append result without erasing filename
def dlink(url, filename, mode='w'):
r = requests.get(url)
if r.status_code != 200:
return
# here the link is valid
with open(filename, mode) as desc:
desc.write(url)
def dimg(img_url, img_name):
r = requests.get(img_url, stream=True)
if r.status_code != 200:
return
_, ext = splitext(img_url)
with open(img_name + ext, 'wb') as desc:
for chunk in r:
desc.write(chunk)
dlink('https://image.flaticon.com/teams/slug/freepik.jpg', 'links.txt')
dlink('https://image.flaticon.com/teams/slug/freepik.jpg', 'links.txt', 'a')
dimg('https://image.flaticon.com/teams/slug/freepik.jpg', 'freepik')
I am reading an excel file using xlrd. Doing some macro replacing and then writing thru xlsxwriter. Without reading and copying formatting info the code works but when I add formatting info I get an error (at the bottom)
The code snippet is below..I read a xls file, for each data row I replace token macros with the values and write back. when I try to close the output_workbook I get an error
filePath = os.path.realpath(os.path.join(inputPath,filename))
input_workbook = open_workbook(filePath, formatting_info=True)
input_DataSheet = input_workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
data = [[input_DataSheet.cell_value(r,c) for c in range(input_DataSheet.ncols)] for r in range(input_DataSheet.nrows)]
output_workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('C:\Users\Manish\Downloads\Sunny\Drexel_Funding\MacroReplacer\demo.xlsx')
output_worksheet = output_workbook.add_worksheet()
for rowIndex, value in enumerate(data):
copyItem = []
for individualItem in value:
tempItem = individualItem
if (isinstance(individualItem, basestring)):
tempItem = tempItem.replace("[{0}]".format(investorNameMacro), investorName)
tempItem = tempItem.replace("[{0}]".format(investorPhoneMacro), investorPhone)
tempItem = tempItem.replace("[{0}]".format(investorEmailMacro), investorEmail)
tempItem = tempItem.replace("[{0}]".format(loanNumberMacro), loanNumber)
copyItem.append(tempItem)
for columnIndex, val in enumerate(copyItem):
fmt =input_workbook.xf_list[input_DataSheet.cell(rowIndex,columnIndex).xf_index]
output_worksheet.write(rowIndex,columnIndex, val,fmt)
output_workbook.close()
The error that I get is
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/Manish/Downloads/Sunny/Drexel_Funding/MacroReplacer/drexelfundingmacroreplacer.py", line 87, in
output_workbook.close()
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\workbook.py", line 297, in close
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\workbook.py", line 605, in _store_workbook
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\packager.py", line 131, in _create_package
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\packager.py", line 189, in _write_worksheet_files
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\worksheet.py", line 3426, in _assemble_xml_file
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\worksheet.py", line 4829, in _write_sheet_data
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\worksheet.py", line 5015, in _write_rows
File "build\bdist.win-amd64\egg\xlsxwriter\worksheet.py", line 5183, in _write_cell
AttributeError: 'XF' object has no attribute '_get_xf_index'
any help is appreciated
Thanks
The Xlrd and XlsxWriter formats are different object types and are not interchangeable.
If you wish to preserve formatting you will have to write some code that translates the properties from one to the other.
I'm trying to download multiple files from a website.
The url resembles this: foo.com/foo-1.pdf.
Since I want those files to be stored in a directory of my choice,
I have written the following code:
import os
from urllib import urlretrieve
ext = ".pdf"
for i in range(1,37):
print "fetching file " + str(i)
url = "http://foo.com/Lec-" + str(i) + ext
myPath = "/dir/"
filename = "Lec-"+str(i)+ext
fullfilename = os.path.join(myPath, filename)
x = urlretrieve(url, fullfilename)
EDIT : Complete error message.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "scraper.py", line 10, in <module>
x = urlretrieve(url, fullfilename)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py", line 94, in urlretrieve
return _urlopener.retrieve(url, filename, reporthook, data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py", line 244, in retrieve
tfp = open(filename, 'wb')
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: /dir/Lec-1.pdf'
I'd be grateful if someone could point out where I have gone wrong.
Thanks in advance!
As for me your code works (Python3.9). So make sure your script has access to the directory you've specified. Also, it looks like you are trying to open a file which does not exist. So make sure you've downloaded the file before opening it:
fullfilename = os.path.abspath("d:/DownloadedFiles/Lec-1.pdf")
print(fullfilename)
if os.path.exists(fullfilename): # open file only if it exists
with open(fullfilename, 'rb') as file:
content = file.read() # read file's content
print(content[:150]) # print only the first 150 characters
The output would be as follows:
C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/Tests/dtest.py
d:\DownloadedFiles\Lec-1.pdf
b'%PDF-1.6\r%\xe2\xe3\xcf\xd3\r\n2346 0 obj <</Linearized 1/L 1916277/O 2349/E 70472/N 160/T 1869308/H [ 536 3620]>>\rendobj\r \r\nxref\r\n2346 12\r\n0000000016 00000 n\r'
Process finished with exit code 0
hi im trying to watermark a pdf fileusing pypdf2 though i get this error i cant figure out what goes wrong.
i get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "test.py", line 13, in <module>
page.mergePage(watermark.getPage(0)) File "C:\Python27\site-packages\PyPDF2\pdf.py", line 1594, in mergePage
self._mergePage(page2) File "C:\Python27\site-packages\PyPDF2\pdf.py", line 1651, in _mergePage
page2Content, rename, self.pdf) File "C:Python27\site-packages\PyPDF2\pdf.py", line 1547, in
_contentStreamRename
op = operands[i] KeyError: 0
using python 2.7.6 with pypdf2 1.19 on windows 32bit.
hopefully someone can tell me what i do wrong.
my python file:
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileWriter, PdfFileReader
output = PdfFileWriter()
input = PdfFileReader(open("test.pdf", "rb"))
watermark = PdfFileReader(open("watermark.pdf", "rb"))
# print how many pages input1 has:
print("test.pdf has %d pages." % input.getNumPages())
print("watermark.pdf has %d pages." % watermark.getNumPages())
# add page 0 from input, but first add a watermark from another PDF:
page = input.getPage(0)
page.mergePage(watermark.getPage(0))
output.addPage(page)
# finally, write "output" to document-output.pdf
outputStream = file("outputs.pdf", "wb")
output.write(outputStream)
outputStream.close()
Try writing to a StringIO object instead of a disk file. So, replace this:
outputStream = file("outputs.pdf", "wb")
output.write(outputStream)
outputStream.close()
with this:
outputStream = StringIO.StringIO()
output.write(outputStream) #write merged output to the StringIO object
outputStream.close()
If above code works, then you might be having file writing permission issues. For reference, look at the PyPDF working example in my article.
I encountered this error when attempting to use PyPDF2 to merge in a page which had been generated by reportlab, which used an inline image canvas.drawInlineImage(...), which stores the image in the object stream of the PDF. Other PDFs that use a similar technique for images might be affected in the same way -- effectively, the content stream of the PDF has a data object thrown into it where PyPDF2 doesn't expect it.
If you're able to, a solution can be to re-generate the source pdf, but to not use inline content-stream-stored images -- e.g. generate with canvas.drawImage(...) in reportlab.
Here's an issue about this on PyPDF2.