I have a model called Song and another called Chord. They have a ManyToMany relationship through a label called ChordIndex.
A song might need to have the same chord more than once, which django would not allow. Hence, I gave the model an extra field (manually coded auto-incremental field) called index, so objects are not identical.
Still I can't add "duplicate" chords.
Nevertheless the approach works with a form and a POST method. But, if I use the POST method I am unable to set song field to default="lastSongByUser" because you can only query "user" inside a view.
models.py
class ChordIndex(models.Model):
def incrementalNumber():
objectCount = ChordIndex.objects.count()
if objectCount == None:
return 2
else:
return objectCount + 1
index = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=incrementalNumber)
chord = models.ForeignKey('Chord', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
song = models.ForeignKey('Song', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
views.py
def addchord_view(request, idChord):
user = request.user.profile
chord = Chord.objects.get(pk=idChord)
songsByUser = Song.objects.filter(uploader=user)
lastSongByUser = songsByUser.last()
previousPage = request.META.get('HTTP_REFERER')
filterUserLastSong = ChordIndex.objects.filter(song=lastSongByUser)
lastSongByUser.chords.add(chord)
thisObjectAdded = filterUserLastSong.last()
thisObjectAdded.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(previousPage)
editchords.html
{% for chord in allChords %}
{% if chord.acronym != silent%}
<button class="btn btn-dark">{{ chord.acronym }}</button>
{% else %}
<button class="btn btn-primary"><a class="text-dark" href="{% url 'add-chord-view' idChord=chord.pk %}">next part</a></button>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
I would expect to get same results that from POST method.
You can add duplicate objects like this:
def addchord_view(request, idChord):
user = request.user.profile
chord Chord.objects.get(pk=idChord)
songsByUser = Song.objects.filter(uploader=user)
lastSongByUser = songsByUser.last()
previousPage = request.META.get('HTTP_REFERER')
filterUserLastSong = ChordIndex.objects.create(song=lastSongByUser, chord=chord)
return HttpResponseRedirect(previousPage)
Explanation
When you call ChordIndex.objects.create(song=lastSongByUser, chord=chord), it will create a new ChordIndex instance. Then if you call song.chords.all(), then you should get multiple chords for a song ordered by creation. You don't need to use index = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=incrementalNumber) field as well in your model, so you can remove that.
Related
I have a class called Features in my models.py. In my html, I am displaying a list on the right that excludes two of these Features, one is the active feature that has been selected, the other is the most recently added since they are the main content of my page. The remaining Features in the list are displayed by date and do show what I am expecting.
Now, I want to single out the first, second and third Features (title only) in THAT list so I can place them in their own separate divs - because each has unique css styling. There are probably numerous ways of doing this, but I can't seem to figure any of them out.
This is a link to my project to give a better idea of what I want (basically trying to get the content in those colored boxes on the right.)
I'm just learning Django (and Python really), so thanks for your patience and help!
HTML
{% for f in past_features %}
{% if f.title != selected_feature.title %}
{% if f.title != latest_feature.title %}
<h1>{{ f.title }}</h1>
{% endif %}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
VIEWS
def feature_detail(request, pk):
selected_feature = get_object_or_404(Feature, pk=pk)
latest_feature = Feature.objects.order_by('-id')[0]
past_features = Feature.objects.order_by('-pub_date')
test = Feature.objects.last()
context = {'selected_feature': selected_feature,
'latest_feature': latest_feature,
'past_features': past_features,
'test': test}
return render(request, 'gp/feature_detail.html', context)
MODELS
class Feature(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(db_index=True, max_length=100, default='')
content = models.TextField(default='')
pub_date = models.DateTimeField(db_index=True, default=datetime.now, blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
def __iter__(self):
return [
self.id,
self.title ]
You can either store the first three Features in separate variables in your context or add checks to your template loop like {% if forloop.first %} or {% if forloop.counter == 2 %}.
If all you want is to not have the
selected_feature
latest_feature
these two records out of the past_features queryset, then you can use exclude on the past_features query and pass the id's of the selected_features and latest_feature objects.
The views.py would look like:
def feature_detail(request, pk):
selected_feature = get_object_or_404(Feature, pk=pk)
latest_feature = Feature.objects.order_by('-id')[0]
# Collect all the id's present in the latest_feature
excluded_ids = [record.pk for record in latest_feature]
excluded_ids.append(selected_feature.pk)
#This would only return the objects excluding the id present in the list
past_features = Feature.objects.order_by('-pub_date').exclude(id__in=excluded_ids)
test = Feature.objects.last()
context = {'selected_feature': selected_feature,
'latest_feature': latest_feature,
'past_features': past_features,
'test': test}
return render(request, 'gp/feature_detail.html', context)
Django provides a rich ORM and well documented, go through the Queryset options for further information.
For access to a specific object in Django templates see following example:
For access to first object you can use {{ students.0 }}
For access to second object you can use {{ students.1 }}
For access to a specific field for example firstname in object 4 you can use {{ students.3.firstname }}
For access to image field in second object you can use {{ students.1.photo.url }}
For access to id in first object you can use {{ students.0.id }}
I've been scanning through Django documentation, and Google search results, all afternoon and I'm still somewhat stuck in my attempt to create a dynamic form. I'm hoping I just need someone to nudge me in the right direction :-) I'm just starting to learn Django, so I'm still very much a beginner; however, I'm already an intermediate python user.
What I'm trying to do is create a dynamic form, where the user makes a selection from a drop-down menu, and based on that selection another part of the form will automatically update to display results relevant to the currently selected item, but from another database table.
I'll try and use a simplified version of the models from the Django tutorial to better illustrate what I'm trying to do:
# models.py
from django.db import models
class Poll(models.Model):
question = models.CharField(max_length=200)
class Choice(models.Model):
poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll)
choice = models.CharField(max_length=200)
So lets say I want to have something like a drop-down selection field, populated with the question from each Poll in the database. I also want to have a text-field, which displays the corresponding choices for the currently selected Poll, which will update on-the-fly whenever the user selects a different Pool. I've been able to figure this out by placing a button, and posting information back to the form; However, I'm trying to do this automatically as the user makes a selection. My view sort of looks something like this at the moment:
#view.py
from django import forms
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from myapp.models import Poll,Choice
class MyModelChoiceField(forms.ModelChoiceField):
def label_from_instance(self, obj):
return "%s" % obj.question
class PollSelectionForm(forms.Form):
polls = MyModelChoiceField( queryset=Poll.objects.all() )
class ChoiceResults(forms.Form):
def __init__(self, newid, *args, **kwargs):
super(ChoiceResults, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.fields['choice'] = forms.TextField( initial="" )
def main(request):
return render_to_response("myapp/index.html", {
"object": PollSelectionForm(),
"object2": ChoiceResults(),
})
My template is very simple, just something like
{{ object }}
{{ object2 }}
I'm sure the way I'm going about creating the forms is probably not the best either, so feel free to criticize that as well :-) As I mentioned, I've read solutions involving reposting the form, but I want this to happen on-the-fly... if I can repost transparently then that would be fine I guess. I've also seen libraries that will let you dynamically create forms, but that just seems like overkill.
Here is one approach - Django/jQuery Cascading Select Boxes?
You can create a new view that just renders json to a string,
and then trigger an event when you're done selecting from the first list which loads the data dynamically from that json.
I do a similar thing here, populating a form based on a selection in a drop down. Maybe this helps you.
Here is the model of the values used to pre-populate the form:
class OpmerkingenGebrek(models.Model):
opmerking = models.CharField(max_length=255)
advies = models.CharField(max_length=255)
urgentiecodering = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=URGENTIE_CHOICES_2011)
bepaling = models.CharField(max_length=155,blank=True,null=True)
aard = models.CharField(max_length=3, choices=AARD_CHOICES)
The view that manages the form:
def manage_component(request,project_id,.....):
# get values for pre-populate
og = OpmerkingenGebrek.objects.all()
.........
formset = ComponentForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
.........
)))
return render_to_response(template, {
'formset':formset,
........
'og':og,
},context_instance=RequestContext(request))
The html the renders the form
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block extra_js %}
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/js/limitText.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/js/getValueOpmerking.js"></script>
{% endblock %}
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" action="">
{{ formset.as_table }}
</form>
<p>Choose default values:</p>
<select id="default" onChange="getValue(this)">
{% for i in og %}
<option value="{{ i.opmerking }} | {{ i.advies }} | {{ i.urgentiecodering }} |
{{ i.aard }} | {{ i.bepaling }}">{{ i.opmerking }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
The javascript that pre-populates the form:
function getValue(sel)
{
//get values
var opm = sel.options[sel.selectedIndex].value;
//split string to parts
var parts = opm.split("|");
// autofill form
var opmerking = document.getElementById("id_opmerking");
opmerking.value = parts[0];
var aanbeveling = document.getElementById("id_aanbeveling");
aanbeveling.value = parts[1];
var opt = document.getElementById("id_urgentie");
var urgentie = opt.selectedIndex;
for(var i=0;i<opt.length;i++){
if(opt.options[i].value == parts[2].split(' ').join('')){
opt.selectedIndex = i;
}};
var opt = document.getElementById("id_aard");
var aard = opt.selectedIndex;
for(var i=0;i<opt.length;i++){
if(opt.options[i].value == parts[3].split(' ').join('')){
opt.selectedIndex = i;
}};
var bepaling = document.getElementById("id_bepaling");
bepaling.value = parts[4];
};
I've been scanning through Django documentation, and Google search results, all afternoon and I'm still somewhat stuck in my attempt to create a dynamic form. I'm hoping I just need someone to nudge me in the right direction :-) I'm just starting to learn Django, so I'm still very much a beginner; however, I'm already an intermediate python user.
What I'm trying to do is create a dynamic form, where the user makes a selection from a drop-down menu, and based on that selection another part of the form will automatically update to display results relevant to the currently selected item, but from another database table.
I'll try and use a simplified version of the models from the Django tutorial to better illustrate what I'm trying to do:
# models.py
from django.db import models
class Poll(models.Model):
question = models.CharField(max_length=200)
class Choice(models.Model):
poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll)
choice = models.CharField(max_length=200)
So lets say I want to have something like a drop-down selection field, populated with the question from each Poll in the database. I also want to have a text-field, which displays the corresponding choices for the currently selected Poll, which will update on-the-fly whenever the user selects a different Pool. I've been able to figure this out by placing a button, and posting information back to the form; However, I'm trying to do this automatically as the user makes a selection. My view sort of looks something like this at the moment:
#view.py
from django import forms
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from myapp.models import Poll,Choice
class MyModelChoiceField(forms.ModelChoiceField):
def label_from_instance(self, obj):
return "%s" % obj.question
class PollSelectionForm(forms.Form):
polls = MyModelChoiceField( queryset=Poll.objects.all() )
class ChoiceResults(forms.Form):
def __init__(self, newid, *args, **kwargs):
super(ChoiceResults, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.fields['choice'] = forms.TextField( initial="" )
def main(request):
return render_to_response("myapp/index.html", {
"object": PollSelectionForm(),
"object2": ChoiceResults(),
})
My template is very simple, just something like
{{ object }}
{{ object2 }}
I'm sure the way I'm going about creating the forms is probably not the best either, so feel free to criticize that as well :-) As I mentioned, I've read solutions involving reposting the form, but I want this to happen on-the-fly... if I can repost transparently then that would be fine I guess. I've also seen libraries that will let you dynamically create forms, but that just seems like overkill.
Here is one approach - Django/jQuery Cascading Select Boxes?
You can create a new view that just renders json to a string,
and then trigger an event when you're done selecting from the first list which loads the data dynamically from that json.
I do a similar thing here, populating a form based on a selection in a drop down. Maybe this helps you.
Here is the model of the values used to pre-populate the form:
class OpmerkingenGebrek(models.Model):
opmerking = models.CharField(max_length=255)
advies = models.CharField(max_length=255)
urgentiecodering = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=URGENTIE_CHOICES_2011)
bepaling = models.CharField(max_length=155,blank=True,null=True)
aard = models.CharField(max_length=3, choices=AARD_CHOICES)
The view that manages the form:
def manage_component(request,project_id,.....):
# get values for pre-populate
og = OpmerkingenGebrek.objects.all()
.........
formset = ComponentForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
.........
)))
return render_to_response(template, {
'formset':formset,
........
'og':og,
},context_instance=RequestContext(request))
The html the renders the form
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block extra_js %}
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/js/limitText.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/media/js/getValueOpmerking.js"></script>
{% endblock %}
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" action="">
{{ formset.as_table }}
</form>
<p>Choose default values:</p>
<select id="default" onChange="getValue(this)">
{% for i in og %}
<option value="{{ i.opmerking }} | {{ i.advies }} | {{ i.urgentiecodering }} |
{{ i.aard }} | {{ i.bepaling }}">{{ i.opmerking }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
The javascript that pre-populates the form:
function getValue(sel)
{
//get values
var opm = sel.options[sel.selectedIndex].value;
//split string to parts
var parts = opm.split("|");
// autofill form
var opmerking = document.getElementById("id_opmerking");
opmerking.value = parts[0];
var aanbeveling = document.getElementById("id_aanbeveling");
aanbeveling.value = parts[1];
var opt = document.getElementById("id_urgentie");
var urgentie = opt.selectedIndex;
for(var i=0;i<opt.length;i++){
if(opt.options[i].value == parts[2].split(' ').join('')){
opt.selectedIndex = i;
}};
var opt = document.getElementById("id_aard");
var aard = opt.selectedIndex;
for(var i=0;i<opt.length;i++){
if(opt.options[i].value == parts[3].split(' ').join('')){
opt.selectedIndex = i;
}};
var bepaling = document.getElementById("id_bepaling");
bepaling.value = parts[4];
};
I'm new to Django and I'm creating an app to create and display employee data for my company.
Currently the model, new employee form, employee table display, login/logout, all works. I am working on editing the current listings.
I have hover on row links to pass the pk (employeeid) over the url and the form is populating correctly- except the manytomanyfields are not populating, and the pk is incrementing, resulting in a duplicate entry (other than any data changes made).
I will only put in sample of the code because the model/form has 35 total fields which makes for very long code the way i did the form fields manually (to achieve a prettier format).
#view.py #SEE EDIT BELOW FOR CORRECT METHOD
#login_required
def employee_details(request, empid): #empid passed through URL/link
obj_list = Employee.objects.all()
e = Employee.objects.filter(pk=int(empid)).values()[0]
form = EmployeeForm(e)
context_instance=RequestContext(request) #I seem to always need this for {%extend "base.html" %} to work correctly
return render_to_response('employee_create.html', locals(), context_instance,)
#URLconf
(r'^employee/(?P<empid>\d+)/$', employee_details),
# snippets of employee_create.html. The same template used for create and update/edit, may be a source of problems, they do have different views- just render to same template to stay DRY, but could add an additional layer of extend for differences needed between the new and edit requests EDIT: added a 3rd layer of templates to solve this "problem". not shown in code here- easy enough to add another child template
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}New Entry{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div id="employeeform">
{% if form.errors %}
<p style="color: red;">
Please correct the error{{ form.errors|pluralize }} below.
</p>
{% endif %}
<form action="/newemp/" method="post" class="employeeform">{% csrf_token %} #SEE EDIT
<div class="left_field">
{{ form.employeeid.value }}
{{ form.currentemployee.errors }}
<label for="currentemployee" >Current Employee?</label>
{{ form.currentemployee }}<br/><br/>
{{ form.employer.errors }}
<label for="employer" class="fixedwidth">Employer:</label>
{{ form.employer }}<br/>
{{ form.last_name.errors }}
<label for="last_name" class="fixedwidth">Last Name:</label>
{{ form.last_name }}<br/>
{{ form.facility.errors }} #ManyToMany
<label for="facility" class="fixedwidth">Facility:</label>
{{ form.facility }}<br/><br/>
</div>
<div id="submit"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</div>
</form>
#models.py
class Employee(models.Model):
employeeid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True, verbose_name='Employee ID #')
currentemployee = models.BooleanField(null=False, blank=True, verbose_name='Current Employee?')
employer = models.CharField(max_length=30)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
facility = models.ForeignKey(Facility, null=True, blank=True)
base.html just has a header on top, a menu on the left and a big empty div where the forms, employee tables, etc all extend into.
screenshot2
So, how do I need to change my view and/or the in the template to update an entry, rather than creating a new one? (
And how do I populate the correct foriegnkeys? (the drop down boxes have the right options available, but the "-----" is selected even though the original database entry contains the right information.
Let me know if i need to include some more files/code
I have more pics too but i cant link more or insert them as a new user :< I'll just have to contribute and help out other people! :D
EDIT:
I've been working on this more and haven't gotten too far. I still can't get the drop-down fields to select the values saved in the database (SQLite3).
But the main issue I'm trying to figure out is how to save as an update, rather than a new entry. save(force_update=True) is not working with the default ModelForm save parameters.
views.py
def employee_details(request, empid):
context_instance=RequestContext(request)
obj_list = Employee.objects.all()
if request.method == 'POST':
e = Employee.objects.get(pk=int(empid))
form = EmployeeForm(request.POST, instance=e)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect('/emp_submited/')
else:
e = Employee.objects.get(pk=int(empid))
form = EmployeeForm(instance=e)
return render_to_response('employee_details.html', {'form': form}, context_instance,)
also changed template form action to "" (from /newemp/ which was the correct location for my new employee tempalte, but not the update.
Thanks to this similar question.
updating a form in djnago is simple:
steps:
1. extract the previous data of the form and populate the edit form with this these details to show to user
2. get the new data from the edit form and store it into the database
step1:
getting the previous data
views.py
def edit_user_post(request, topic_id):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = UserPostForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
#let user here be foreign key for the PostTopicModel
user = User.objects.get(username = request.user.username)
#now set the user for the form like: user = user
#get the other form values and post them
#eg:topic_heading = form.cleaned_data('topic_heading')
#save the details into db
#redirect
else:
#get the current post details
post_details = UserPostModel.objcets.get(id = topic_id)
data = {'topic_heading':topic.topic_heading,'topic_detail':topic.topic_detail,'topic_link':topic.topic_link,'tags':topic.tags}
#populate the edit form with previous details:
form = UserPostForm(initial = data)
return render(request,'link_to_template',{'form':form})
Here are my models:
class Activity(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(blank=False, max_length=100)
description = models.TextField(blank=False)
class UserActivityWork(models.Model):
activity = models.ForeignKey(Activity)
user = models.ForeignKey(User)
hours_worked = models.FloatField()
comment = models.TextField()
Example data would be, an Activity of "climbing Mt Everest" and each user would be able to input how long it took them and a comment.
Here's my question: How can I display a list of all the Activities, and if the user has entered data for that Activity, display the pertinent details next to the Activity?
So far, I have considered:
creating a dictionary of
UserActivityWork with a key of the Activity id and a value of the user's UserActivityWork. This would be fine with
me, but I have no idea of how to do
this in django's templating system (ie, how do you say: {{ user_work[activity.id] }})
creating an object that would hold
both the Activity and
UserActivityWork. I haven't done this
one, because I am hoping that django
has a better way to do this.
Any insight would be greatly appreciated!
Assuming you have 2 querysets accessable from within your template (say as activities and user_activities)
A naive way would be to iterate over each activity and then over each user activity.
{% for activity in activities %}
{{ activity.title }}
{% for user_activity in user_activities %}
{% ifequal user_activity.activity activity %}
Display userdata
{% endifequal %}
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
Dictionary lookups can be performed in templates by using a dot (.)
Technically, when the template system encounters a dot, it tries the following lookups, in this order:
Dictionary lookup
Attribute lookup
Method call
List-index lookup
Another option would be to create a custom template tag. You could loop over the activity list as before and then pass the activity and either the user_activity list or the user to the tag to perform the lookup and render the required data.
Thanks for the hint, Gerry. I found that writing a custom template tag as you suggested was the way to go.
Here are the gory details, in case anyone stumbles across this.
In the view method, I published a dictionary "user_activity_status" which contains a key of activity.id and value of UserActivityWork object for the logged in user's work on that activity
This is the the relevant section of the template. Basically this going to add a variable "map_value" with a value of
getattr(user_activity_status[activity.id], "comment")
Here's the template:
{% load *file-name-of-the-templatetag-file* %}
{% access_map_method user_activity_status activity.id comment %}
{% if map_value %}
{{ map_value }}
{% else %}
get working sucka!
{% endif %}
here is the section of the templatetag file (see Gerry's links for the details of how to set this up)
from django import template
register = template.Library()
#register.tag(name="access_map_method")
def do_access_map_method(parser, token):
try:
tag_name, dict_name , key_name, method_name = token.contents.split()
except ValueError:
msg = '%r tag requires three arguments' % token.contents[0]
raise template.TemplateSyntaxError(msg)
return MapNode(dict_name , key_name, method_name)
class MapNode(template.Node):
def __init__(self, dict_name, key_name, method_name):
self.dict_var = template.Variable(dict_name)
self.key_var = template.Variable(key_name)
self.method_name = method_name
def render(self, context):
try:
dict_obj = self.dict_var.resolve(context)
key_obj = self.key_var.resolve(context)
if key_obj in dict_obj.keys():
if self.method_name:
context['map_value'] = getattr(dict_obj[key_obj], self.method_name)
else:
context['map_value'] = dict_obj[key_obj]
else:
context['map_value'] = ''
except template.VariableDoesNotExist:
context['map_value'] = ''
return ''