Lua - Nested if statements - if-statement

I'm looking to check the validity of multiple filenames within a folder using LUA.
I can get the filenames passed through as variables (defined as a.message) and I need the script to run through all the regex patterns, and if it does not match any of them, then print "We need an alarm".
a = alarm.get ("GF91908920-49330")
if regexp (a.message,"/CCF_[0-9]{6}_[0-9]{2}.csv/") then
if regexp (a.message,"/Issues_[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}.csv/") then
if regexp (a.message,"/POL_Operator_[0-9]{6}_[0-9]{2}.csv/") then
else print ("We need an alarm - ", a.message)
end
end
end
So, if variable matches one of the regex patterns, great, then end. If not, move on and check for a match against any of the other patterns, again, ending if a match is found.
If no matches are found amongst any of the regex then print "We need an alarm".
I hope that's clear enough.
Thanks.

What you described is logical disjunction or so called OR. See Wikipedia article and Programming in Lua 3.3.
a = alarm.get("GF91908920-49330")
if regexp(a.message, "/CCF_[0-9]{6}_[0-9]{2}.csv/") or
regexp(a.message, "/Issues_[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}.csv/") or
regexp(a.message, "/POL_Operator_[0-9]{6}_[0-9]{2}.csv/") then
-- do something
else
print("We need an alarm - ", a.message)
end
Assuming you actually have regexp implemented then that's it. If no, in Lua there are patterns available. You can read about them in Programming in Lua 20.2.
I highly recommend learning basics and doing at least minimal amount of research before you ask a question. Programming in Lua is available online and it is a great way to start with Lua.

Related

Regex to match everything except a pattern

Regex noob here struggling with this, which I know it will be easy for some of you regex gods out there!
Given the following:
title: Some title
date: 2022-08-15
tags: <value to extract>
identifier: 1234567
---------------------------
Some text
some more text
I would like a regex to match everything except the value of tags (ie the "<value to extract>" text).
For context, this is supposed to run on emacs (in case it matters).
EDIT: Just to clarify as per #phils question, all I care about extracting the tags value. However, this is via a package setting that asks for a regex string and I don't have much control over how it gets use. It seems to expect a regex to strip what I don't need from the string rather than matching what I do want, which is slightly annoying.. Also, the since it seems to match everything with \\(.\\), I'm guessing it's using the global flag?
Please let me know if any of this isn't clear.
Emacs regular expressions can't trivially express "not foo" for arbitrary values of foo. (The likes of PCRE have non-regular extensions for zero-width negative look-ahead/behind assertions, but in Emacs that sort of functionality is generally done with the support of lisp code1.)
You can still do it purely with regexp matching, but it's simply very cumbersome. An Emacs regexp which matches any line which does not begin with tags: is:
^\(?:$\|[^t]\|t[^a]\|ta[^g]\|tag[^s]\|tags[^:]\).*
or if you need to enter it in the elisp double-quoted read syntax for strings:
"^\\(?:$\\|[^t]\\|t[^a]\\|ta[^g]\\|tag[^s]\\|tags[^:]\\).*"
1 In lisp code you would instead simply check each line to see whether it does start with tags: and, if so, skip it (which is why Emacs generally gets away without the feature you're looking for, but of course that doesn't help you here).
After playing around with it for a bit and taken inspiration from #phils' answer, I've come up with the following:
"^\\(?:\\(#\\+\\)?\\(?:filetags:\s+\\|tags:\s+\\|title:.*\\|identifier:.*\\|date:.*\\)\\|.*\\)"
I've also added an extra \\(#\\+\\)? to account for org meta keys which would usually have the format #+key: value.

Futile attempt to run regular expression find/replace in MS Word using groups on Mac

According to the received wisdom MS Word (more or less) supports find/replace with use of regular expressions. I have a simple regular expression:
^(C[[:alpha:]]*)(\d*)(.*)$
That I'm running on the data:
indSIMDdecile
CSdeccrim12006
CSdeccrim12006
CSdeccrim12009
CSdeccrim12009
CSdeccrim12012
CSdeccrim12012
CSdeceduc12004
CSdeceduc12004
CSdeceduc12006
CSdeceduc12006
CSdeceduc12009
CSdeceduc12009
CSdeceduc12012
CSdeceduc12012
CSdecemp12004.x
I'm interested in returning the first word prior to the digit 1, which works as demonstrated on regex101 here.
Problem
I would like to the same but in MS Word (v. 15.18 on Mac). After getting error messages of trying to supply unsuitable syntax I learned that MS Word does not support to the full regex syntax. I simplified my expression to something on the lines:
but the search does not find any strings and nothing gets replaced. Hence my questions, is it possible to use MS Word on Mac with regex?
The linked help website hints that something like that should be possible, but so far now luck.
The simple answer is "no", if you mean "Does Mac Word have a UI feature that lets you use one of the modern dialects of regex?" Word's Find/Replace only supports its own Regular Expression syntax.
In this case, I think the following will give you what you need:
Find with wildcards:
(C)([!1]#)(1)
and a replace by
\1
(If you also had to find "C1", then that doesn't work, and unfortunately nor does
(C)([!1]{0,})(1)
because Word does not allow 0 in the {,} pattern)
But there is a problem with "#". If the text the "#" is looking for is long, the find/replace may fail. There is supposed to be a 255 limit, but it seems rather more arbitrary than that. (I have long suspected a buffer overrun type error in the Word code, but perhaps there is a simpler explanation).
If you mean, "is there any way to use modern regex with Word?", then the answer is "Yes, but you only get to operate on a copy of the text in the document. You will need to create your own code to do the 'replace' part of the find replace, and that means that you would have to deal with any of the issues such as preserving formatting that Word's built-in find/replace might get right for you.
On the Windows side, people who want a better regex than Word's often use VBScript's regexp object because it is easily used from VBA. VBA itself only really has the "like" operator, which also only has fairly crude pattern matching abilities. I think there are examples of VBScript rexexp use on StackOverflow. On the Mac side, you would either have to use VBA and "shell out" to one of the built-in Mac/Unix utilities to do your finding (and perhaps replacing), or perhaps use Applescript or Javascript application scripting to do it. As far as I can remember Applescript does not have a 'modern' regex built-in either.
[As a bit of history, Word's "regular expressions" were I think introduced in Word 6, around 1993, at a time when most dialects of regex were much more crude than they are today. I don't think Word's version has moved along much at all - it probably added some Unicode support at some point, but that's probably about it. I assume that people using modern regex don't regard it as regex at all, and I personally prefer not to call Word's Regular Expressions 'regex' precisely for that reason.]

hgignore: help ignoring all files but certain ones

I need an .hgdontignore file :-) to include certain files and exclude everything else in a directory. Basically I want to include only the .jar files in a particular directory and nothing else. How can I do this? I'm not that skilled in regular expression syntax. Or can I do it with glob syntax? (I prefer that for readability)
Just as an example location, let's say I want to exclude all files under foo/bar/ except for foo/bar/*.jar.
The answer from Michael is a fine one, but another option is to just exclude:
foo/bar/**
and then manually add the .jar files. You can always add files that are excluded by an ignore rule and it overrides the ignore. You just have to remember to add any jars you create in the future.
To do this, you'll need to use this regular expression:
foo/bar/.+?\.(?!jar).+
Explanation
You are telling it what to ignore, so this expression is searching for things you don't want.
You look for any file whose name (including relative directory) includes (foo/bar/)
You then look for any characters that precede a period ( .+?\. == match one or more characters of any time until you reach the period character)
You then make sure it doesn't have the "jar" ending (?!jar) (This is called a negative look ahead
Finally you grab the ending it does have (.+)
Regular expressions are easy to mess up, so I strongly suggest that you get a tool like Regex Buddy to help you build them. It will break down a regex into plain English which really helps.
EDIT
Hey Jason S, you caught me, it does miss those files.
This corrected regex will work for every example you listed:
foo/bar/(?!.*\.jar$).+
It finds:
foo/bar/baz.txt
foo/bar/baz
foo/bar/jar
foo/bar/baz.jar.txt
foo/bar/baz.jar.
foo/bar/baz.
foo/bar/baz.txt.
But does not find
foo/bar/baz.jar
New Explanation
This says look for files in "foo/bar/" , then do not match if there are zero or more characters followed by ".jar" and then no more characters ($ means end of the line), then, if that isn't the case, match any following characters.
Anyone that wants to use negative lookaheads (or ?! in regex syntax) or any kind of back-referencing mechanism should be aware that Mercurial will fall back from google's RE2 to Python's re module for matching.
RE2 is a non-backtracking engine that guarantees a run-time linear with the size of the input. If performance is important to you, that is if you have a big repository, you should consider sticking to more simple patterns that Re2 supports, which is why I think that the solution offered by Ryan.

Regex challenge: Match phrase only if outside of an <a href> tag

I am working on improving our glossary functionality in a custom CMS that is running with classic ASP (ASP 3.0) on IIS with VBScript code. I am stumped on a regex challenge I cannot solve.
Here is the current code:
If InStr(ART_ArticleBody, "href") = False then
sql="SELECT URL, Term, RegX FROM GLOSSARYDB;"
Set rsGlossary = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Recordset")
rsGlossary.open sql, strSQLConn
Set RegExObject = New RegExp
While Not rsGlossary.EOF
URL = rsGlossary("URL")
Phrase = rsGlossary("RegX")
With RegExObject
.Pattern = Phrase
.IgnoreCase = true
.Global = false
End With
set expressionmatch = RegExObject.Execute(ART_ArticleBody)
if expressionmatch.count > 0 then
For Each expressionmatched in expressionmatch
RegExObject.Pattern = Phrase
URL = ""& expressionmatched.Value & ""
ART_ArticleBody = RegExObject.Replace(ART_ArticleBody, URL)
next
end if
rsGlossary.movenext
wend
rsGlossary.movefirst
Set RegExObject = nothing
end if
Instead of skipping putting glossary links in any article that has an href in it, as the above code does, I would like to change the code to process every article but have the RegEx pattern avoid matching on a glossary entry if the match is inside of an a tag.
For example, in italics below is a test example for this regex entry in my DB: ROI|return on investment|investment return
Here is a link that uses the glossary term: Info on return on investment.
Now, here is the glossary term in plain text, not inside of a link: return on investment.
We want to find the third instance of a match but not find the first two because they are both inside of a HTML link.
In the above text, if I were processing the article for the glossary entry "ROI|return on investment|investment return" I do not want to match on the first or second occurance that match because they are in an a tag. I need the regex pattern to skip over those matches and just match on any that are not inside of an a tag.
Any help on this would be greatly appreciated.
Try this regex:
<a\b[^<>]*>[\s\S]*?</a>|(ROI|return on investment|investment return)
This matches an HTML anchor, or any of the terms you're looking for. The terms are captured into group number 1. So in your VBScript code, check if the first capturing group matched anything, and you've got one of your keywords outside an <a> tag.
This regex indeed won't work correctly if you have nested <a> tags. That shouldn't be a problem, as anchors are normally not nested inside each other. If it is a problem, you can't solve it with VBScript/JavaScript regular expressions. The regex also won't work correctly if you have <a> tags that are missing their closing tags. If you want to take that into account, try this regex:
<a\b[^<>]*>(?:(?:(?!<a\b)[\s\S])*?</a>)?|(ROI|return on investment|investment return)
This problem is, as they say, "non-trivial" in its current state. However, if you could modify your system to output more semantic markup, it would make things much easier:
undesired tag match
This is <span class="tag">a tag</span>
In this case, you can simply search:
(?<=<span class=\"tag\">)(phrase1|phrase2|phrase3)(?=</span>)
Or something a little more robust
(?<=<span class=\"tag\">).+?(?=</span>)
This way you can easily focus your searches to data within a specific <span>, and leave everything else aside.
You can't solve it because it can't be done, at least not with 100% reliability. HTML is not a "regular" language in the regular expression sense. Like the saying goes, when you have a hammer, everything starts to look like a nail. There are some things regular expressions aren't good at. This is one of them.
Most languages have some form of HTML parsing library as standard or easily obtained. Use those. That's what they were designed for.
In general, you can't use a regular expression to recognize arbitrarily nested constructs (such as bracket-delimited HTML tags). If you had solved this problem, there's be a lot of mathematicians lining up to hear about it. :)
Having said that, .NET does indeed offer an extension to regular expressions that permits what I just said was impossible, and--even better!--the sample chapter for the great "Mastering Regular Expressions" available here happens to cover that feature.
(accounts receivable|A/R)(?!((?!</?a\b).)*</a)
(phrase1|phrase2|phrase3)(?!((?!</?a\b).)*</a)
The above approach seems to work, at least in my RegexBuddy software. I didn't figure it out on my own. Had some help from a guru. Time to test it in my ASP code. Thanks to all who provided input. I'm sure I didn't describe what I needed well enough for you to come up with the above solution. Mea culpa.

Do calculation on captured number in regex before using it in replacement

Using a regex, I am able to find a bunch of numbers that I want to replace. However, I want to replace the number with another number that is calculated using the original - captured - number.
Is that possible in notepad++ using a kind of expression in the replacement-part?
Edit: Maybe a strange thought, but could the calculation be done in the search part, generating a second captured number that would effectively be the result?
Even if it is possible, it will almost certainly be "messy" - why not do the replacements with a simple script instead? For example..
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
f = File.new("f1.txt", File::RDWR)
contents = f.read()
contents.gsub!(/\d+/){|m|
m.to_i + 1 # convert the current match to an integer, and add one
}
f.truncate(0) # empty the existing file
f.seek(0) # seek to the start of the file, before writing again
f.write(contents) # write modified file
f.close()
..and the output:
$ cat f1.txt
This was one: 1
This two two: 2
$ ruby replacer.rb
$ cat f1.txt
This was one: 2
This two two: 3
In reply to jeroen's comment,
I was actually interested if the possibility existed in the regular expression itself as they are so widespread
A regular expression is really just a simple pattern matching syntax. To do anything more advanced than search/replace with the matches would be up to the text-editors, but the usefulness of this is very limited, and can be achieved via scripting most editors allow (Notepad++ has a plugin system, although I've no idea how easy it is to use).
Basically, if regex/search-and-replace will not achieve what you want, I would say either use your editors scripting ability or use an external script.
Is that possible in notepad++ using a kind of expression in the replacement-part?
Interpolated evaluation of regular-expression matches is a relatively advanced feature that I probably would not expect to find in a general-purpose text editing application. I played around with Notepad++ a bit but was unable to get this to work, nor could I find anything in the documentation that suggests this is possible.
Hmmm... I'd have to recommend AWK to do this.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AWK
notepad++ has limited regular expressions built in. There are extensions that add a bit more to the regular expression find and replace, but I've found those hard to use. I would recommend writing a little external program to do it for you. Either Ruby, Perl or Python would be great for it. If you know those languages. I use Ruby and have had lots of success with it.