Recognizing Space character in C++ Program - c++

Question

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char ch;
cout<<"Enter a character:";
cin>>ch;
if(ch==32)
cout<<"space";
else if(ch>=65 && ch<=90)
cout<<"upper case letter";
else if(ch>=97 && ch<=122)
cout<<"lower case letter";
else
cout<<"special character entered";
getch();
}
I need to check whether character entered is lower or upper case letter,special character, digit or space character. 32 is code for space but as I am entering space as ' ' on the console, its not recognizing ' ' as space.

Answer 1

Spaces are ignored by default, use noskipws
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char ch;
cout<<"Enter a character:";
cin>>noskipws>>ch;
if(ch==32)
cout<<"space";
else if(ch>=65 && ch<=90)
cout<<"upper case letter";
else if(ch>=97 && ch<=122)
cout<<"lower case letter";
else
cout<<"special character entered";
getchar();
return 0;
}
Also, if you're adding '' to the space then keep in mind that only the first character is being recognized.

Answer 2

The problem
cin >> ch discards whitespaces (including space, \t, \n, etc.) The correct way is to use get(ch):
cin.get(ch);
(noskipws is another option mentioned in #Samuel's answer, but get may be easier here for a single character.)
Other problems
Use <iostream> instead of <iostream.h>. <iostream.h> is not standard C++.
Use <cstdio>* instead of <conio.h>. <conio.h> is not standard C++.
Use int main() instead of void main(). void main() is not standard C++.
Use indentation instead of left-justifying. Left-justifying is less readable.
Use ch == ' ' instead of ch == 32. ch == 32 is not portable.
Use isupper(ch) instead of ch >= 65 && ch <= 90. ch >= 65 && ch <= 90 is not portable.
Use islower(ch) instead of ch >= 97 && ch <= 122. ch >= 97 && ch <= 122 is not portable.
Fixed code:
#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
int main()
{
char ch;
std::cout << "Enter a character:";
std::cin.get(ch);
if (ch == ' ')
std::cout << "space";
else if (std::isupper(ch))
std::cout << "upper case letter";
else if (std::islower(ch))
std::cout << "lower case letter";
else
std::cout << "special character entered";
// std::cin >> ch; // only if you really demand it
}
* Even <cstdio> shouldn't be used in this case. If you do want to hold the window open, use getchar() or std::cin >> ch instead of getch(). The better way is to invoke it in a console.

Answer 3

Use characters themselves instead of their codes.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char ch;
cout << "Enter a character:";
cin >> ch;
if (ch == ' ')
cout << "space";
else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
cout << "upper case letter";
else if(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
cout << "lower case letter";
else
cout << "special character entered";
getch();
}