#include "stdafx.h"
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "glut.h"
int winWidth = 700;
int winHeight = 600;
void init() {
glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0.0, winWidth, 0.0, winHeight);
}
void renderSpacedBitmapString(float x, float y, void *font, char *string) {
char *c;
int x1 = x;
for (c = string; *c != '\0'; c++) {
glRasterPos2f(x1, y);
glutBitmapCharacter(font, *c);
x1 = x1 + glutBitmapWidth(font, *c);
}
}
void draw_text() {
glColor3f(255.0, 0, 0.0); /* red color */
char buf[100] = { 0 };
sprintf_s(buf, "DO YOU WANT TO GO TO SPACE?");
renderSpacedBitmapString(15, 600, GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18, buf);
}
void display(void) {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
draw_text();
glFlush();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(winWidth, winHeight);
glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
glutCreateWindow("Drawn Text");
init();
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
I have this problem where I can't make the text appear on the screen, however when I change the gluOrtho2D code to gluOrtho2D(-200.0, 800, -200.0, 800); it starts to work, but I want to keep the gluOrtho2D code the same as above, and I don't want to change it.
y = 600 is just a bit above your gluOrtho2D() clip volume. Drop the string down a bit (passing 580 into the y argument of renderSpacedBitmapString() works) or increase the window height (620 works).
Related
in this method
void Sierpinski(GLintPoint points) {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
GLintPoint T[3] = {{10,10},{600,10},{300,600}};
int index=rand()%3;
GLintPoint point=points[index];
drawDot(point.x, point.y);
for (int i = 0;i<55000;i++) {
index=rand()%3;
point.x=(point.x+points[index].x)/2;
point.y=(point.y+points[index].y)/2;
drawDot(point.x,point.y);
}
glFlush();
}
that uses the structure i made
struct GLintPoint {
GLint x,y;
};
it says that there is an error and that "no operator "[]" matches these operands, operator types are GLintPoint[int]" where i try to assign a value from points to point. Well i did use the right brackets and it is an int in there so what is the problem? FYI this code is to draw the Sierpinski gasket with the user making the initial 3 points by clicking the screen with the mouse. Just in case you would like to see it here is the whole program.
#include <windows.h>
#include <gl/Gl.h>
#include "glut.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int screenWidth = 640;
const int screenHeight = 480;
struct GLintPoint {
GLint x,y;
};
void display (void){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
//glColor3f(1.0,1.0,1.0);
glFlush();
}
void drawDot( GLint x, GLint y)
{
glBegin( GL_POINTS );
glVertex2i( x, y );
glEnd();
}
void Sierpinski(GLintPoint points) {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
GLintPoint T[3] = {{10,10},{600,10},{300,600}};
int index=rand()%3;
GLintPoint point=points[index];
drawDot(point.x, point.y);
for (int i = 0;i<55000;i++) {
index=rand()%3;
point.x=(point.x+points[index].x)/2;
point.y=(point.y+points[index].y)/2;
drawDot(point.x,point.y);
}
glFlush();
}
void myMouse(int button, int state, int x, int y){
static GLintPoint corner[2];
static int numCorners = 0;
if(state == GLUT_DOWN){
if(button == GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON){
corner[numCorners].x = x;
corner[numCorners].y = screenHeight - y;
if(++numCorners ==2 ){
glRecti(corner[0].x, corner[0].y, corner[1].x, corner[1].y);
numCorners = 0;
glFlush();
}
}
else if(button == GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glFlush();
}
}
}
void myInit() {
glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,0.0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
glPointSize(2.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0.0, (GLdouble)screenWidth, 0.0, (GLdouble)screenHeight);
}
void main (int argc, char** argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(screenWidth, screenHeight);
glutInitWindowPosition(100,150);
glutCreateWindow("mouse dots");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutPostRedisplay();
glutMouseFunc(myMouse);
myInit();
glutMainLoop();
}
I'm inferring from the name of the function argument, points, that you intend the function to accept an array of points. But it's actually just written to take one.
So when you write points[index] the compiler is looking for operator[] in your GLintPoint struct (and there isn't one).
If you change the function prototype to take an array of GLintPoints I think you'll have better luck.
Can someone help me out in checking my code? I'm trying to draw a simple dot by clicking in the window, but I can't see any points drawn. The point recording system is copied as an example from one of the stack overflow posts.
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
//#include <GL\glew.h>
#include <gl/glut.h>
//#include <GL\freeglut.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "draw.h"
//DRAW draw2;
class Point
{
int Xvalue, Yvalue;
std::string Text;
public:
void xy(int x, int y)
{
Xvalue = x;
Yvalue = y;
}
void text(std::string text)
{
Text = text;
}
//return individual x y value
int x() { return Xvalue; }
int y() { return Yvalue; }
//return text value
std::string rtext() { return Text; }
};
Point point[30];
int count = 0;
void Init()
{
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
//glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
//glPointSize(5);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //coordinate system
//glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0.0, 1200.0, 0.0, 800.0);
}
void Display()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); // clear display window
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
//glLoadIdentity();
/*Drawing here*/
//redraw
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
int x = point[i].x();
int y = point[i].y();
//draw2.Dot(x, y);
std::cout << "drawing dot " << x << " " << y << std::endl;
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
glColor3f(0.3, 0.3, 0.3);
glPointSize(5.0f);
glVertex2i(x, glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT) - y);
glEnd();
}
glFlush();
}
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)
{
if (button == GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN)
{
point[count].xy(x, y);
//draw2.Dot(x, y);
count++;
}
glutPostRedisplay();
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
glutInit(&argc, argv); //initialize toolkit
//Request double buffered true color window with Z-buffer
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB ); //display mode
glutInitWindowSize(1200, 800); //set window size
glutCreateWindow("NURBS Curve"); //open screen window
Init(); //additional initializations
//CALLBACK FUNCTIONS
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glutDisplayFunc(Display); //send graphics to display window
/*
GLenum err = glewInit();
if (GLEW_OK != err)
{
fprintf(stderr, "GLEW error");
return 1;
}
*/
//pass control to glut for events, loops
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
glColor3f(0.3, 0.3, 0.3);
glPointSize(5.0f); // wat
glVertex2i(x, glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT) - y);
glEnd();
There's a short list of GL functions you can call inside a glBegin()/glEnd() pair and glPointSize() is not on it:
Only a subset of GL commands can be used between glBegin and glEnd.
The commands are
glVertex,
glColor,
glSecondaryColor,
glIndex,
glNormal,
glFogCoord,
glTexCoord,
glMultiTexCoord,
glVertexAttrib,
glEvalCoord,
glEvalPoint,
glArrayElement,
glMaterial, and
glEdgeFlag.
Also,
it is acceptable to use
glCallList or
glCallLists to execute
display lists that include only the preceding commands.
If any other GL command is executed between glBegin and glEnd,
the error flag is set and the command is ignored.
Move the glPointSize() outside the glBegin()/glEnd() pair:
glPointSize(5.0f);
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
int x = point[i].x();
int y = point[i].y();
glColor3f(0.3, 0.3, 0.3);
glVertex2i(x, h - y);
}
glEnd();
All together:
#include <gl/glut.h>
class Point
{
int Xvalue, Yvalue;
public:
void xy(int x, int y)
{
Xvalue = x;
Yvalue = y;
}
//return individual x y value
int x() { return Xvalue; }
int y() { return Yvalue; }
};
Point point[30];
int count = 0;
void Display()
{
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); // clear display window
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
const double w = glutGet( GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH );
const double h = glutGet( GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT );
gluOrtho2D(0.0, w, 0.0, h);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
glPointSize(5.0f);
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
int x = point[i].x();
int y = point[i].y();
glColor3f(0.3, 0.3, 0.3);
glVertex2i(x, h - y);
}
glEnd();
glFlush();
}
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)
{
if (button == GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN)
{
point[count].xy(x, y);
count++;
}
glutPostRedisplay();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB );
glutInitWindowSize(1200, 800);
glutCreateWindow("NURBS Curve");
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glutDisplayFunc(Display);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
Found out that glcolor3f and glpointsize had to be initialized first in my Init() function.
void Init()
{
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); //this one
glPointSize(5); //and this one
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //coordinate system
//glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0.0, 1200.0, 0.0, 800.0);
}
Just trying to draw a point using glut and glew for opengl version 4.3
my code
void Renderer(void)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
glPointSize(100);
glColor3f(255, 0, 0);
glVertex3d(10, 10, 0);
glEnd();
glFlush();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
is not rendering anything, can someone tell me what did i miss? here is full code:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "vgl.h"
#include "LoadShaders.h"
enum VAO_IDs { Triangles, NumVAOS };
#define WIDTH 1024
#define HEIGHT 768
#define REFRESH_DELAY 10 //ms
//general
long frameCount = 0;
// mouse controls
int mouse_old_x, mouse_old_y;
int mouse_buttons = 0;
float rotate_x = 0.0, rotate_y = 0.0;
float translate_z = -3.0;
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//! Prototypes
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y);
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y);
void motion(int x, int y);
void timerEvent(int value)
{
glutPostRedisplay();
glutTimerFunc(REFRESH_DELAY, timerEvent, frameCount++);
}
void init (void)
{
// default initialization
glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
// viewport
glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
// projection
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(60.0, (GLfloat)WIDTH / (GLfloat)HEIGHT, 1, 10000.0);
}
void Renderer(void)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glBegin(GL_POINTS);
glPointSize(100);
glColor3f(255, 0, 0);
glVertex3d(10, 10, 0);
glEnd();
glFlush();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA);
glutInitWindowSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
glutInitContextVersion(4, 3);
glutInitContextProfile(GLUT_CORE_PROFILE);
glutCreateWindow("The Abyss");
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
glutMotionFunc(motion);
glutMouseFunc(mouse);
glutTimerFunc(REFRESH_DELAY, timerEvent, frameCount);
if (glewInit()) //i guess this is true on failure
{
cerr << "Error initializing glew, Program aborted." << endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//Init First
init();
//Init callback for Rendering
glutDisplayFunc(Renderer);
//Main Loop
glutMainLoop();
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//!Mouse and keyboard functionality
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int /*x*/, int /*y*/)
{
switch (key)
{
case (27) :
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
break;
}
}
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)
{
if (state == GLUT_DOWN)
{
mouse_buttons |= 1<<button;
}
else if (state == GLUT_UP)
{
mouse_buttons = 0;
}
mouse_old_x = x;
mouse_old_y = y;
}
void motion(int x, int y)
{
float dx, dy;
dx = (float)(x - mouse_old_x);
dy = (float)(y - mouse_old_y);
if (mouse_buttons & 1)
{
rotate_x += dy * 0.2f;
rotate_y += dx * 0.2f;
}
else if (mouse_buttons & 4)
{
translate_z += dy * 0.01f;
}
mouse_old_x = x;
mouse_old_y = y;
}
glutInitContextVersion(4, 3);
glutInitContextProfile(GLUT_CORE_PROFILE);
You have requested a Core context. You need to:
Specify a vertex and fragment shader. There are no freebies in Core.
Stop using deprecated functionality like glBegin() and glMatrixMode().
Start using VBOs to submit your geometry.
Start using glDrawArrays() and friends to draw your geometry.
i have the following code and i wanted to know how may i insert zoom into my code.(i read some similar subjects but i can't figure).
GLsizei width = 600;
GLsizei height = 600;
int max = 500;
double xpos=0,ypos=0;
double xmax = 2.0;
double xmin = -2.0;
double ymax = 2.0;
double ymin = -2.0;
using namespace std;
void display()
{
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(-2, width, -2, height);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT| GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT );
mandelbrot();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void reshape(GLsizei w, GLsizei h) {
width=w; height=h;
glViewport(0,0,width,height);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
void setXYpos(int px, int py)
{
xpos=xmin+(xmax-xmin)*px/width;
ypos=ymax-(ymax-ymin)*py/height;
}
void mandelbrot()
{
...}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitWindowSize(600, 600);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB);
glutCreateWindow("Mandelbrot");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
It's not enough to zoom in this way; you have to map the corners of the selected region to points in the complex plane and re-generate the Mandelbrot mapping for the new coordinates.
I am having trouble setting a orthographical projection matrix of dimensions 4x2 with (0,0) being in the center, (-2, -1) being at the bottom left corner, and (2, 1) being at the top right corner.
I use glutInitWindowSize(600, 300); to initialize the window size.
In my reshape function, I use glViewport(0, 0, w, h); to set the viewport.
Also in my reshape function, I use gluOrtho2D(-(float)w/h, (float)w/h, -2.0, 2.0); to set the ortho.
However, when I move my mouse around to see the world coordinates, the bottom left corner is (-1, -1) and the top right corner is (1, 1). Is there something I am doing wrong here? I am assuming since I am setting bottom and top to -2 and 2 respectively in the gluOrtho2D call, it should give me the right coordinates.
Please help me out if you see anything that might be wrong.
Here is my code so far, please ignore the arm variables and drawing functions.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
#if 0 /*unix*/
#include <GL/glut.h>
#endif
#if 1 /*apple */
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#include <OPENGL/gl.h>
#include <OPENGL/glext.h>
#endif
#if 0 /*windows*/
#include <io.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <glut.h>
#endif
int GW, GH;
bool animfore, animupper;
float foreangle, upperangle;
using namespace std;
void drawShoulder();
void drawUpper();
void drawFore();
void display() {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
//draw shoulder
glPushMatrix();
drawShoulder();
//draw upper arm
glPushMatrix();
drawUpper();
//draw forearm
glPushMatrix();
drawFore();
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glutPostRedisplay();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void drawShoulder() {
//cout << "Enters" << endl;
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glColor3f((float)30/255, (float)0/255, (float)30/255);
glVertex2f(-2.0, -0.4);
glVertex2f(-2.0, -1.0);
glVertex2f(-1.0, -1.0);
glVertex2f(-1.0, -0.4);
glEnd();
}
void drawUpper() {
}
void drawFore() {
}
void reshape(GLsizei w, GLsizei h) {
GW = w;
GW = h;
glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(-(float)w/h, (float)w/h, -1.0, 1.0);
cout << "Enters" << endl;
}
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y) {
switch(key) {
case 'q' : case 'Q' :
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
break;
}
}
//control arm animations
void idle() {
if(animupper) {
}
if(animfore) {
}
}
float p2w_x(int gx) {
return (float)2.*GW/(GW*GH-GH)*gx-(float)GW/GH;
}
float p2w_y(int gy) {
int py = GH-1-gy;
return (float)2./(GH-1.)*py-1;
}
void mouseMove(int x, int y) {
cout << "(" << p2w_x(x) << "," << p2w_y(y) << ")" << endl;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
// global variable intializations
GW = 600;
GH = 300;
animfore, animupper = true;
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE);
// initialization
glutInitWindowSize(600, 300);
glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
glutCreateWindow("Robot Arm");
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
// callback functions
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
glutIdleFunc(idle);
glutMotionFunc(mouseMove);
glutMainLoop();
}
Try setting glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION ) before you make your ortho call and then set it back to GL_MODELVIEW when you do your transformations.