I'm trying to use the filesystem library and it's not working I need help about compiling this.
I tried to change the included file and I updated my compiler but nothing works
here are the inclusions I made
#include <experimental/filesystem>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
I compile the cpp file with this command
g++ -Wall -c indexation_fichier.cpp
I get this error
indexation_fichier.cpp:5:10: fatal error: experimental/filesystem: No such file or directory
#include <experimental/filesystem>
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
and here is my compiler version
g++ (MinGW.org GCC-8.2.0-1) 8.2.0
when I type
g++ --version
I want to know what is wrong and what I need to do to make this library work because I need it for my project.
thanks.
You can either compile your code using -lstdc++fs flag OR like #pete mentioned in the comment: remove experimental, as it is now part of standard C++17.
#include <filesystem>
#include <iostream>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
int main(){
fs::path pathToShow(fs::current_path());
std::cout << "exists() = " << fs::exists(pathToShow) << "\n"
<< "root_name() = " << pathToShow.root_name() << "\n"
<< "root_path() = " << pathToShow.root_path() << "\n"
<< "relative_path() = " << pathToShow.relative_path() << "\n"
<< "parent_path() = " << pathToShow.parent_path() << "\n"
<< "filename() = " << pathToShow.filename() << "\n"
<< "stem() = " << pathToShow.stem() << "\n"
<< "extension() = " << pathToShow.extension() << "\n";
return 0;
}
and then something like g++ -o fs filesystem.cpp will work fine.
Related
I want to do:
int a = 255;
cout << a;
and have it show FF in the output, how would I do this?
Use:
#include <iostream>
...
std::cout << std::hex << a;
There are many other options to control the exact formatting of the output number, such as leading zeros and upper/lower case.
To manipulate the stream to print in hexadecimal use the hex manipulator:
cout << hex << a;
By default the hexadecimal characters are output in lowercase. To change it to uppercase use the uppercase manipulator:
cout << hex << uppercase << a;
To later change the output back to lowercase, use the nouppercase manipulator:
cout << nouppercase << b;
std::hex is defined in <ios> which is included by <iostream>. But to use things like std::setprecision/std::setw/std::setfill/etc you have to include <iomanip>.
If you want to print a single hex number, and then revert back to decimal you can use this:
std::cout << std::hex << num << std::dec << std::endl;
I understand this isn't what OP asked for, but I still think it is worth to point out how to do it with printf. I almost always prefer using it over std::cout (even with no previous C background).
printf("%.2X", a);
'2' defines the precision, 'X' or 'x' defines case.
std::hex gets you the hex formatting, but it is a stateful option, meaning you need to save and restore state or it will impact all future output.
Naively switching back to std::dec is only good if that's where the flags were before, which may not be the case, particularly if you're writing a library.
#include <iostream>
#include <ios>
...
std::ios_base::fmtflags f( cout.flags() ); // save flags state
std::cout << std::hex << a;
cout.flags( f ); // restore flags state
This combines Greg Hewgill's answer and info from another question.
There are different kinds of flags & masks you can use as well. Please refer http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/iostream/ios_base/setf/ for more information.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int num = 255;
cout.setf(ios::hex, ios::basefield);
cout << "Hex: " << num << endl;
cout.unsetf(ios::hex);
cout << "Original format: " << num << endl;
return 0;
}
Use std::uppercase and std::hex to format integer variable a to be displayed in hexadecimal format.
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int a = 255;
// Formatting Integer
std::cout << std::uppercase << std::hex << a << std::endl; // Output: FF
std::cout << std::showbase << std::hex << a << std::endl; // Output: 0XFF
std::cout << std::nouppercase << std::showbase << std::hex << a << std::endl; // Output: 0xff
return 0;
}
C++20 std::format
This is now the cleanest method in my opinion, as it does not pollute std::cout state with std::hex:
main.cpp
#include <format>
#include <string>
int main() {
std::cout << std::format("{:x} {:#x} {}\n", 16, 17, 18);
}
Expected output:
10 0x11 18
Not yet implemented on GCC 10.0.1, Ubuntu 20.04.
But the awesome library that became C++20 and should be the same worked once installed on Ubuntu 22.04 with:
sudo apt install libfmt-dev
or:
git clone https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt
cd fmt
git checkout 061e364b25b5e5ca7cf50dd25282892922375ddc
mkdir build
cmake ..
sudo make install
main2.cpp
#include <fmt/core.h>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::cout << fmt::format("{:x} {:#x} {}\n", 16, 17, 18);
}
Compile and run:
g++ -ggdb3 -O0 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -o main2.out main2.cpp -lfmt
./main2.out
Documented at:
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/format/format
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/format/formatter#Standard_format_specification
More info at: std::string formatting like sprintf
Pre-C++20: cleanly print and restore std::cout to previous state
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main() {
std::ios oldState(nullptr);
oldState.copyfmt(std::cout);
std::cout << std::hex;
std::cout << 16 << std::endl;
std::cout.copyfmt(oldState);
std::cout << 17 << std::endl;
}
Compile and run:
g++ -ggdb3 -O0 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -o main.out main.cpp
./main.out
Output:
10
17
More details: Restore the state of std::cout after manipulating it
Tested on GCC 10.0.1, Ubuntu 20.04.
How are you!
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
unsigned char arr[] = {4, 85, 250, 206};
for (const auto & elem : arr) {
std::cout << std::setfill('0')
<< std::setw(2)
<< std::uppercase
<< std::hex
<< (0xFF & elem)
<< " ";
}
I am trying to create (using C++17) a simple debug header that only executes some lines of code if the flag LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE is enabled. This is how my header is defined (I also tried using { x; } instead of x but the warning persists):
debug.h
#ifndef _HDEBUG
#define _HDEBUG
static bool LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE = true;
#define R_DEBUG(x) if(LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE == true) x
#endif
I included debug.h and at some point of my code I call the macro function R_DEBUG to print some values:
logger_adc.cpp
double anlg_device_t::eval_formula()
{
double result = -9999;
try
{
result = parser.Eval();
}
catch (mu::Parser::exception_type &e)
{
std::cout << e.GetMsg() << std::endl;
}
R_DEBUG(std::cout << "Eval Result: " << result << std::endl);
return result;
}
I expected everything to work properly but when I run the makefile I got this warning:
inc/debug.h:5:14: warning: 'LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE' defined but not used [-Wunused-variable]
static bool LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE = true;
I thought that my definition was messed up but after checking the temporary files created by g++, it appears that the preprocessor did everything as I expected:
logger_adc.ii
double anlg_device_t::eval_formula()
{
double result = -9999;
try
{
result = parser.Eval();
}
catch (mu::Parser::exception_type &e)
{
std::cout << e.GetMsg() << std::endl;
}
if(LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE == true) std::cout << "Eval Result: " << result << std::endl;
return result;
}
Why do I get the warning message even when the variable LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE is clearly being used inside the if statement? Did I mess up something obvious that I'm not picking up? My compile flags for the object files (where the warning occurs) are g++ -Wall -Wextra -O1 -g -std=c++17 -save-temps=obj -Iinc -I/usr/local/include -c plus pkg-config --cflags --libs libmodbus
If needed, this is my main function:
main.cpp
#include "logger_adc.h"
int main()
{
anlg_device_t test (ADC_CHIP_1, 1, 18, 1, 1, true);
test.set_formula("2*x","x", test.get_voltage_ptr());
std::cout << "Test Voltage: " << test.get_voltage() << std::endl << "Test Relative: " << test.get_relative() << std::endl;
std::cout << "Test Formula (2*x): " << test.eval_formula() << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Thanks in advance!
You have a header that defines a static bool LOGGER_DEBUG_MODE =true;. If you include that header in multiple C++ files then each file will gets its own copy of that bool.
In your main.cpp you aren't using R_DEBUG so the copy of that bool (which presumably comes from including logger_adc.h ) is indeed unused in that file.
Possible solutions are:
You should make it so you only have a single copy of that bool (declare it in the header with extern and define it in a single C++ file.
Use build defines instead of runtime checks
etc
I am learning C++ right now and i get this somewhat weird error.
The Code is as follows:
#include <iostream>
#include <array>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::ostream;
using std::array;
template <typename T, size_t dim>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const array<T,dim>& a) {
os << "[ ";
for (auto n : a)
os << n << " ";
os << "]";
return os;
}
int main()
{
cout << endl << "--- " << __FILE__ << " ---" << endl << endl;
array<int,3> a1 { 2,3,5 }; // (A)
array<int,0> a2 { }; // (B)
array<int,2> a3 { 1 }; // (C)
// array<int> x1 { 1, 2, 3 }; // (D)
// array<int,3> x2 { 1,2,3,4 };
array<int,3> a4 = { 1,2,3 }; // (E)
array<int,3> a5 { { 4,5,6 } }; // (F)
cout << "01| a1=" << a1 << endl;
cout << "02| a2=" << a2 << endl;
cout << "03| a3=" << a3 << endl;
cout << "04| a4=" << a4 << endl;
cout << "05| a5=" << a5 << endl;
cout << endl << "--- " << __FILE__ << " ---" << endl << endl;
return 0;
}
My IDE (Visual Studio Code) shows me the error, although the code is compiling and working.
Here is the makefile provided by our Prof.
# compiler settings
CXX = g++-7
# CXX = clang++
CXXFLAGS = -ansi -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -pthread -std=c++17
LDFLAGS = -lm
# collect files
CXXEXAMPLES = $(shell find . -name '*.cpp' -print -type f)
CXXTARGETS = $(foreach file, $(CXXEXAMPLES), ./out/$(file:.cpp=.out))
# build them all
all: $(CXXTARGETS)
out/%.out: %.cpp
$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $< $(LDFLAGS) -o $#
clean:
rm out/*
I use Ubuntu 16.04 and thought it might be a compiler problem, so I changed "CXX" to "CXX = g++-7", because we were recommended to use g++ Version 7 but it didn't helped.
On typing "g++ -v" it shows that my gcc is version 5.5.0, but typing "apt list -installed" shows that g++-7 is installed.
I did not find any solution on the internet as most similar problems often revolved around missing includes.
VS Code also does not recognize some types of variable definitions like
"int n{1}"
It also complains about the "use of undeclared identifier" on the lines (A) to (E)
I assume the problem lies within the VS Code compiler using a different/old syntax recognition. But I don't know how to change that.
Here is my simple lex file with main function inside it .
I want to compile it using g++ .
%{
#include <iostream>
%}
%%
[ \t] ;
[0-9]+\.[0-9]+ { cout << "Found a floating-point number:" << yytext << endl; }
[0-9]+ { cout << "Found an integer:" << yytext << endl; }
[a-zA-Z0-9]+ { cout << "Found a string: " << yytext << endl; }
%%
main() {
// lex through the input:
yylex();
}
I run following commands on my terminal
lex ex1.l
g++ lex.yy.c -lfl -o scanner
i get following error
cout lives in the std namespace. You need to refer to it as
std::cout
The same applies to endl.
Note, you can say
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
somewhere before using cout and endl names. You should be careful that there is no potential for name clashes when doing this. Use it in limited scopes, and not in header files.
I'm trying to use ldap_bind, but get an this error.
error: âldap_bindâ was not declared in this scope
code:
#include <lber.h>
#include <ldap.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
LDAP *ld;
char *ldap_host = "ldap://localhost";
int ldap_port = 389;
int auth_method = LDAP_AUTH_SIMPLE;
int desired_version = LDAP_VERSION3;
char *root_dn = "ou=people,dc=localhost,dc=local";
char *root_ps = "password";
int result;
result = ldap_initialize(&ld, ldap_host);
cout << "result: " << result << endl;
result = ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_PROTOCOL_VERSION, &desired_version);
cout << "result: " << result << endl;
result = ldap_bind_s(ld, root_dn, root_ps, auth_method);
cout << "result: " << result << endl;
}
I'm compiling with this command
g++ ldap.cpp -llber -lldap -o prog
TIA
I've no experience with OpenLDAP, but from the header it seems you need:
extern "C" {
# define LDAP_DEPRECATED
# include <ldap.h>
# include <lber.h>
}
It leads to some compiling errors in current version, since in the ldap.h use #if LDAP_DEPRECATED instead of #ifdef, give the MACRO a value:
#define LDAP_DEPRECATED 1
And it is good to go.
Dont use ldap_bind. Its deprecated. Rather use ldap_sasl_bind.
ldap.h has deprecated a lot of functions for mostly security reasons
Check out the following command which lists all the deprecated functions
grep deprecate < /usr/include/ldap.h
On *nix systems, or any system that let's you specify compilation flags, you can add the following to your list of flags:
-DLDAP_DEPRECATED
This allows you to use the deprecated deprecated features without having to add defines to the top of all of your source/header files.