I have this bash script that is trying to return the stopped instance Ids of an autoscaling group.
aws ec2 describe-instances --filter "Name=tag:aws:autoscaling:groupName,Values=devASG-123" --query "Reservations[].Instances[?State.Name==stopped].InstanceId" --output text --profile dev
This keeps returning a blank value even though I have instances that are stopped
How can i fix this?
Try this:
aws --profile dev ec2 describe-instances --filters \
"Name=tag:aws:autoscaling:groupName,Values=devASG-123" \
"Name=instance-state-name,Values=stopped" \
--query "Reservations[*].Instances[*].InstanceId
or use regex
aws --profile dev ec2 describe-instances --filters \
"Name=tag:aws:autoscaling:groupName,Values=devASG-123" \
"Name=instance-state-name,Values=stopped" | \
grep -o '\"i-[0-9a-f]\\+\"' | grep -o '[^\"]\\+'
user data bash script fails with Provided region_name doesn't match a support format.
when running the script from comand line works fine.
#!/bin/bash
Hostname=”`wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/hostname`”
InstanceId=”`wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/instance-id`”
Region=”`wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/placement/region`”
echo $Region
aws ec2 create-tags --resources $InstanceId --tags Key=Hostname,Value=$Hostname --region $Region
Fixed the issue aws was changing the double quote to left and right double quote. I recoded it.
#! /bin/bash
Hostname=$(wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/hostname)
InstanceId=$(wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
Region=$(wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/placement/region)
aws ec2 create-tags --resources $InstanceId --tags Key=Hostname,Value=$Hostname --
region $Region
Im trying to get a list of instances from AWS (using AWSCLI) with tag:env=stage OR tag:backup=true.
i have 1 instance with tag backup=true
i have 5 instance with tag env=stage
i expect to get a list of 6 items
examples :
# returns no instances since its doing AND logic which is fine
aws ec2 describe-instances \
--filters "Name=tag:env,Values=stage" "Name=tag:backup,Values=true" \
--query 'Reservations[].Instances[].[Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value,InstanceId][][]' | tr -d '[]"'
# returns only the last condition ( 1 instance )
aws ec2 describe-instances \
--filters "Name=tag:env,Values=stage" \
--filters "Name=tag:backup,Values=true" \
--query 'Reservations[].Instances[].[Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value,InstanceId][][]' | tr -d '[]"'
# returns only the last condition ( 5 instances )
aws ec2 describe-instances \
--filters "Name=tag:backup,Values=true" \
--filters "Name=tag:env,Values=stage" \
--query 'Reservations[].Instances[].[Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value,InstanceId][][]' | tr -d '[]"'
Wrote a script to add instances to the AWS target group
#!/bin/bash
export AWS_PROFILE=***
export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION=eu-central-1
for INST_NAME in $(aws ec2 describe-instances --query 'Reservations[].Instances[].Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value' --output text | sort); do
echo "check ${INST_NAME} in Target Group"
TARGET_GROUP=$(aws elbv2 describe-target-groups|jq -r '.[]|.[].TargetGroupArn'| grep ${INST_NAME})
RUNNING_INSTANCES=$(aws ec2 describe-instances| jq '.Reservations[].Instances[] | select(.Tags[].Value=="${INST_NAME}")'| jq -r .InstanceId| sort | uniq | wc -l)
COUNT=$(aws elbv2 describe-target-health --target-group-arn ${TARGET_GROUP}|jq -r '.TargetHealthDescriptions[].Target.Id'| wc -l)
if [[ ${RUNNING_INSTANCES} = ${COUNT} ]]; then
echo "VSE OK"
else
echo "dobavit ${RUNNING_INSTANCES} v ${TARGET_GROUP}"
for INSTANCE_ID in $(aws ec2 describe-instances --filter Name=tag-key,Values=Name --query "Reservations[*].Instances[*].{Instance:InstanceId,Name:Tags[?Key=='Name']|[0].Value}"|jq ".[][]|select(.Name==\"${TAGS}\")"|jq -r .Instance); do
ASG=$(aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-instances|jq '.AutoScalingInstances'|jq ".[]|select(.InstanceId==\"${INSTANCE_ID}\")"|jq -r .InstanceId)
echo "Updating ${TARGET_GROUP} to add instances from ${ASG}"
aws elbv2 register-targets --target-group-arn ${TARGET_GROUP} --targets "Id="${ASG}
done
fi
done
but he doesn't add. Need select all instances by tag and compare with the number in the target group, if the number is different, then add all instances with the tag to the target group
Update, it's working
for INSTANCE_NAME in $(aws ec2 describe-instances --query 'Reservations[].Instances[].Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value' --output text | sort | uniq ); do
echo "check ${INSTANCE_NAME} in Target Group"
TARGET_GROUP=$(aws elbv2 describe-target-groups|jq -r '.[]|.[].TargetGroupArn'| grep ${INSTANCE_NAME})
if ! [ -z "${TARGET_GROUP}" ]; then
for i in $(echo ${TARGET_GROUP}); do
RUNNING_INSTANCES=$(aws ec2 describe-instances| jq ".Reservations[].Instances[] | select(.Tags[].Value==\"${INSTANCE_NAME}\")"| jq -r .InstanceId| sort | uniq | wc -l)
COUNT=$(aws elbv2 describe-target-health --target-group-arn ${i}|jq -r '.TargetHealthDescriptions[].Target.Id'| wc -l)
if ! [[ ${RUNNING_INSTANCES} = ${COUNT} ]]; then
for INSTANCE_ID in $(aws ec2 describe-instances --filter Name=tag-key,Values=Name --query "Reservations[*].Instances[*].{Instance:InstanceId,Name:Tags[?Key=='Name']|[0].Value}"|jq ".[][]|select(.Name==\"${INSTANCE_NAME}\")"|jq -r .Instance); do
ASG=$(aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-instances|jq '.AutoScalingInstances'|jq ".[]|select(.InstanceId==\"${INSTANCE_ID}\")"|jq -r .InstanceId)
aws elbv2 register-targets --target-group-arn ${i} --targets "Id="${ASG}
echo "Updating ${TARGET_GROUP} to add instances from ${ASG}"
done
fi
done
fi
done
Amazon recently added the wonderful feature of tagging EC2 instances with key-value pairs to make management of large numbers of VMs a bit easier.
Is there some way to query these tags in the same way as some of the other user-set data? For example:
$ curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone
us-east-1d
Is there some similar way to query the tags?
The following bash script returns the Name of your current ec2 instance (the value of the "Name" tag). Modify TAG_NAME to your specific case.
TAG_NAME="Name"
INSTANCE_ID="`wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/instance-id`"
REGION="`wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed -e 's:\([0-9][0-9]*\)[a-z]*\$:\\1:'`"
TAG_VALUE="`aws ec2 describe-tags --filters "Name=resource-id,Values=$INSTANCE_ID" "Name=key,Values=$TAG_NAME" --region $REGION --output=text | cut -f5`"
To install the aws cli
sudo apt-get install python-pip -y
sudo pip install awscli
In case you use IAM instead of explicit credentials, use these IAM permissions:
{
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [ "ec2:DescribeTags"],
"Resource": ["*"]
}
]
}
Once you've got ec2-metadata and ec2-describe-tags installed (as mentioned in Ranieri's answer above), here's an example shell command to get the "name" of the current instance, assuming you have a "Name=Foo" tag on it.
Assumes EC2_PRIVATE_KEY and EC2_CERT environment variables are set.
ec2-describe-tags \
--filter "resource-type=instance" \
--filter "resource-id=$(ec2-metadata -i | cut -d ' ' -f2)" \
--filter "key=Name" | cut -f5
This returns Foo.
You can use a combination of the AWS metadata tool (to retrieve your instance ID) and the new Tag API to retrieve the tags for the current instance.
You can add this script to your cloud-init user data to download EC2 tags to a local file:
#!/bin/sh
INSTANCE_ID=`wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/instance-id`
REGION=`wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed 's/.$//'`
aws ec2 describe-tags --region $REGION --filter "Name=resource-id,Values=$INSTANCE_ID" --output=text | sed -r 's/TAGS\t(.*)\t.*\t.*\t(.*)/\1="\2"/' > /etc/ec2-tags
You need the AWS CLI tools installed on your system: you can either install them with a packages section in a cloud-config file before the script, use an AMI that already includes them, or add an apt or yum command at the beginning of the script.
In order to access EC2 tags you need a policy like this one in your instance's IAM role:
{
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Sid": "Stmt1409309287000",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:DescribeTags"
],
"Resource": [
"*"
]
}
]
}
The instance's EC2 tags will available in /etc/ec2-tags in this format:
FOO="Bar"
Name="EC2 tags with cloud-init"
You can include the file as-is in a shell script using . /etc/ec2-tags, for example:
#!/bin/sh
. /etc/ec2-tags
echo $Name
The tags are downloaded during instance initialization, so they will not reflect subsequent changes.
The script and IAM policy are based on itaifrenkel's answer.
If you are not in the default availability zone the results from overthink would return empty.
ec2-describe-tags \
--region \
$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed -e "s/.$//") \
--filter \
resource-id=$(curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
If you want to add a filter to get a specific tag (elasticbeanstalk:environment-name in my case) then you can do this.
ec2-describe-tags \
--region \
$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed -e "s/.$//") \
--filter \
resource-id=$(curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id) \
--filter \
key=elasticbeanstalk:environment-name | cut -f5
And to get only the value for the tag that I filtered on, we pipe to cut and get the fifth field.
ec2-describe-tags \
--region \
$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed -e "s/.$//") \
--filter \
resource-id=$(curl --silent http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id) \
--filter \
key=elasticbeanstalk:environment-name | cut -f5
You can alternatively use the describe-instances cli call rather than describe-tags:
This example shows how to get the value of tag 'my-tag-name' for the instance:
aws ec2 describe-instances \
--instance-id $(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id) \
--query "Reservations[*].Instances[*].Tags[?Key=='my-tag-name'].Value" \
--region ap-southeast-2 --output text
Change the region to suit your local circumstances. This may be useful where your instance has the describe-instances privilege but not describe-tags in the instance profile policy
I have pieced together the following that is hopefully simpler and cleaner than some of the existing answers and uses only the AWS CLI and no additional tools.
This code example shows how to get the value of tag 'myTag' for the current EC2 instance:
Using describe-tags:
export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION=us-east-1
instance_id=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
aws ec2 describe-tags \
--filters "Name=resource-id,Values=$instance_id" 'Name=key,Values=myTag' \
--query 'Tags[].Value' --output text
Or, alternatively, using describe-instances:
aws ec2 describe-instances --instance-id $instance_id \
--query 'Reservations[].Instances[].Tags[?Key==`myTag`].Value' --output text
For Python:
from boto import utils, ec2
from os import environ
# import keys from os.env or use default (not secure)
aws_access_key_id = environ.get('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID', failobj='XXXXXXXXXXX')
aws_secret_access_key = environ.get('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY', failobj='XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX')
#load metadata , if = {} we are on localhost
# http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/AESDG-chapter-instancedata.html
instance_metadata = utils.get_instance_metadata(timeout=0.5, num_retries=1)
region = instance_metadata['placement']['availability-zone'][:-1]
instance_id = instance_metadata['instance-id']
conn = ec2.connect_to_region(region, aws_access_key_id=aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret_access_key)
# get tag status for our instance_id using filters
# http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/CommandLineReference/ApiReference-cmd-DescribeTags.html
tags = conn.get_all_tags(filters={'resource-id': instance_id, 'key': 'status'})
if tags:
instance_status = tags[0].value
else:
instance_status = None
logging.error('no status tag for '+region+' '+instance_id)
A variation on some of the answers above but this is how I got the value of a specific tag from the user-data script on an instance
REGION=$(curl http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed 's/.$//')
INSTANCE_ID=$(curl -s http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
TAG_VALUE=$(aws ec2 describe-tags --region $REGION --filters "Name=resource-id,Values=$INSTANCE_ID" "Name=key,Values='<TAG_NAME_HERE>'" | jq -r '.Tags[].Value')
Starting January 2022, this should be also available directly via ec2 metadata api (if enabled).
curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/tags/instance
https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2022/01/instance-tags-amazon-ec2-instance-metadata-service/
Using the AWS 'user data' and 'meta data' APIs its possible to write a script which wraps puppet to start a puppet run with a custom cert name.
First start an aws instance with custom user data: 'role:webserver'
#!/bin/bash
# Find the name from the user data passed in on instance creation
USER=$(curl -s "http://169.254.169.254/latest/user-data")
IFS=':' read -ra UDATA <<< "$USER"
# Find the instance ID from the meta data api
ID=$(curl -s "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id")
CERTNAME=${UDATA[1]}.$ID.aws
echo "Running Puppet for certname: " $CERTNAME
puppet agent -t --certname=$CERTNAME
This calls puppet with a certname like 'webserver.i-hfg453.aws' you can then create a node manifest called 'webserver' and puppets 'fuzzy node matching' will mean it is used to provision all webservers.
This example assumes you build on a base image with puppet installed etc.
Benefits:
1) You don't have to pass round your credentials
2) You can be as granular as you like with the role configs.
Jq + ec2metadata makes it a little nicer. I'm using cf and have access to the region. Otherwise you can grab it in bash.
aws ec2 describe-tags --region $REGION \
--filters "Name=resource-id,Values=`ec2metadata --instance-id`" | jq --raw-output \
'.Tags[] | select(.Key=="TAG_NAME") | .Value'
No jq.
aws ec2 describe-tags --region us-west-2 \
--filters "Name=resource-id,Values=`ec2-metadata --instance-id | cut -d " " -f 2`" \
--query 'Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value' \
--output text
Download and run a standalone executable to do that.
Sometimes one cannot install awscli that depends on python. docker might be out of the picture too.
Here is my implementation in golang:
https://github.com/hmalphettes/go-ec2-describe-tags
The Metadata tool seems to no longer be available, but that was an unnecessary dependency anyway.
Follow the AWS documentation to have the instance's profile grant it the "ec2:DescribeTags" action in a policy, restricting the target resources as much as you wish. (If you need a profile for another reason then you'll need to merge policies into a new profile-linked role).
Then:
aws --region $(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed -e 's/.$//') ec2 describe-tags --filters Name=resource-type,Values=instance Name=resource-id,Values=$(curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id) Name=key,Values=Name |
perl -nwe 'print "$1\n" if /"Value": "([^"]+)/;'
Well there are lots of good answers here but none quite worked for me exactly out of the box, I think the CLI has been updated since some of them and I do like using the CLI. The following single command works out of the box for me in 2021 (as long as the instance's IAM role is allowed to describe-tags).
aws ec2 describe-tags \
--region "$(ec2-metadata -z | cut -d' ' -f2 | sed 's/.$//')" \
--filters "Name=resource-id,Values=$(ec2-metadata --instance-id | cut -d " " -f 2)" \
--query 'Tags[?Key==`Name`].Value' \
--output text
AWS has recently announced support for instance tags in Instance Metadata Service: https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2022/01/instance-tags-amazon-ec2-instance-metadata-service/
If you have have the tag metadata option enabled for an instance, you can simply do
$ TOKEN=`curl -X PUT "http://169.254.169.254/latest/api/token" -H "X-aws-ec2-metadata-token-ttl-seconds: 900"`
$ curl -H "X-aws-ec2-metadata-token: $TOKEN" -v http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/tags/instance
It is possible to get Instance tags from within the instance via metadata.
First, allow access to tags in instance metadata as explained here
Then, run this command for IMDSv1, Refer
curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/tags/instance/Name
or this command for IMDSv2
TOKEN=`curl -X PUT "http://169.254.169.254/latest/api/token" -H "X-aws-ec2-metadata-token-ttl-seconds: 21600"` \
&& curl -H "X-aws-ec2-metadata-token: $TOKEN" -v http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/tags/instance
Install AWS CLI:
curl "https://s3.amazonaws.com/aws-cli/awscli-bundle.zip" -o "awscli-bundle.zip"
sudo apt-get install unzip
unzip awscli-bundle.zip
sudo ./awscli-bundle/install -i /usr/local/aws -b /usr/local/bin/aws
Get the tags for the current instance:
aws ec2 describe-tags --filters "Name=resource-id,Values=`ec2metadata --instance-id`"
Outputs:
{
"Tags": [
{
"ResourceType": "instance",
"ResourceId": "i-6a7e559d",
"Value": "Webserver",
"Key": "Name"
}
]
}
Use a bit of perl to extract the tags:
aws ec2 describe-tags --filters \
"Name=resource-id,Values=`ec2metadata --instance-id`" | \
perl -ne 'print "$1\n" if /\"Value\": \"(.*?)\"/'
Returns:
Webserver
For those crazy enough to use Fish shell on EC2, here's a handy snippet for your /home/ec2-user/.config/fish/config.fish. The hostdata command now will list all your tags as well as the public IP and hostname.
set -x INSTANCE_ID (wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
set -x REGION (wget -qO- http://instance-data/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone | sed 's/.$//')
function hostdata
aws ec2 describe-tags --region $REGION --filter "Name=resource-id,Values=$INSTANCE_ID" --output=text | sed -r 's/TAGS\t(.*)\t.*\t.*\t(.*)/\1="\2"/'
ec2-metadata | grep public-hostname
ec2-metadata | grep public-ipv4
end