My question is about configure Google Cloud Composer to reach Google Cloud SQL using the same network configuration in the same Google Cloud project.
Cloud SQL configured with Private IP associated to a Default Network.
Cloud SQL config
Cloud Composer configured Network ID = Default
Cloud Composer config
Executing a DAG which uses a PostgresOperator configured with the Private IP and default port (5432) to connect, we always get the same connection error:
ERROR - could not connect to server: Connection timed ou Is the
server running on host "private_ip" and acceptin TCP/IP connections on
port 5432
We expect the connection should be established because we have configured the same network and we are using Private IP to reach the Cloud SQL server from Composer.
according to Introducing private networking connection for Cloud SQL these are still two separate network segments (see the visual scheme there). therefore VPC network peering is required, in order to get a route-able private IP. see the code lab, which has also this scenario covered.
The request from Composer comes from the pod's IP address which is non-routable outside the VPC. Therefore it has to be masqueraded to the IP of the interface of the node which is in 10.0.0.0/8 (when using the default network).
If you configured your CloudSQL instance to use an auto-generated IP range when setting the Private IP connection, it is likely the IP is also in 10.0.0.0/8, but it is not inside the same VPC.
If it the connection is to 10.0.0.0/8 and is not in the VPC, it can't be routed. As a workaround you can create a custom address range, for example 192.168.X.X:
gcloud beta compute addresses create [RESERVED_RANGE_NAME] \
--global \
--purpose=VPC_PEERING \
--addresses=192.168.0.0 \
--prefix-length=16 \
--description=[DESCRIPTION] \
--network=[VPC_NETWORK] \
And configure your Cloud SQL instance's private IP to be within that range.
Cloud SQL Proxy is a great way to go, and a similar question, if not the same, has been answered with details on getting that set up.
To address the Internal IP question, see the Google docs:
You can use the Cloud SQL Proxy to connect to an instance that is also configured to use private IP. The proxy can connect using either the private IP address or a public IP address. If you use the Cloud SQL Proxy to connect to an instance that has both public and private IP addresses assigned, the proxy uses the public IP address by default.
Related
Simple question: Is there any way to connect to a GCP SQL Database under private IP through cloud sql proxy from an external application ? (local development environment)
I followed every step in the official tutorial to configure cloud sql proxy with all requirements, but all connections fail in a sort of timeout.
In order to connect to a Cloud SQL instance using only private IP through the Cloud SQL proxy will be to install the proxy within a resource (could be for example a Compute Engine instance) with access to the same VPC network as the Cloud SQL instance. Since your local development environment might not comply to that requirement the connection will fail.
You could move your local development environment to a compute engine instance located within the same VPC network as your Cloud SQL instance or temporarily enable Public IP on the instance and authorize only your IP through the authorized network options and use the Cloud SQL proxy to gain access to the instance.
The Cloud SQL proxy will work with a private IP address as long as it can reach the private IP address.
See the "Connecting from an external source" section on the Configuring Private IP page for a list of steps to set up a VPN that can provide access to your VPC.
What I'm trying to set up:
Cloud SQL instance with private IP, Postgresql database
A VM with a public IP, but also one private IP on same VPC network as the SQL instance is on (VM, SQL instance and VPC are all in the same region)
VM has a service account with sufficient Cloud SQL client/viewer permissions
Possibility to connect from VM to SQL instance.
What happens?
Any attempt to actually use the connection, from for example psql client or db-migrate, simply hangs - for example psql --host 10.78.0.3 -U gcp-network-issue-demo-staging-db-user gcp-network-issue-demo-staging-database will not prompt for a password, just sit there.
If I remove the VM's public IP address from the setup, it connects fine. However, I need a publicly accessible VM for other services to connect to it..
I assume the psql connection attempt goes through the wrong network interface or something (this may be just my ignorance about network stuff speaking) - how can I get this working? What am I missing?
PS: this is basically same problem as Connecting to Google Cloud SQL instance on private IP from a VM with both private and public IPs fails but commenters there seem to want one Terraform-related and one connection-issue-related question.
Some screenshots:
VM IPs:
DB IPs:
Network config for VM:
Private IP config for DB instance:
This is the setup of the private network:
I don't understand why the private IP of the DB instance (10.78.0.3) is not an IP from the range of the private network (10.2.0.0-10.2.0.24, right?)..? Is that my problem?
To answer your question:
I don't understand why the private IP of the DB instance (10.78.0.3) is not an IP from the range of the private network (10.2.0.0-10.2.0.24, right?)..?
The Cloud SQL instance is assigned an IP address from the allocated range. When you setup a private services access a VPC peering is created between your VPC gcp-network-issue-demo-staging-network and the service producer VPC network that uses the allocated range 10.78.0.0/16
Also, looking at your VM network config, I see that the VM has two Nics in two different VPCs (default and gcp-network-issue-demo-staging-network). In your case, you can use only one Nic.
As a next step, make sure that your VM is using only the VPC network that you have used to create the private connection. Once that done you should be able to connect to the Cloud SQL instance IP using the command bellow:
telnet 10.78.0.3 3306
I have a postgreSQL CLoud SQL instance which I am connecting to via UNIX socket and the instance name from a Cloud Run container as per the documentation. With a public IP, this connection works fine. I was looking to turn off the public IP and only have a private IP, so I would not be charged for the public IP going forward.
When I first created the Cloud SQL instance, I only enabled the public IP. A couple of days later I enabled the private IP. For the assocaited network for the private IP, I accepted the default as the Cloud Run instance is in the same project.
When I turn off the public IP, my application can no longer connect to the Cloud SQL instance. I get a connection refused error:
sqlalchemy.exc.InterfaceError: (pg8000.core.InterfaceError) ('communication error', ConnectionRefusedError(111, 'Connection refused'))
As stated above, I did follow the instruaction on the Connecting to Cloud SQL from Cloud Run page:
https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/connect-run
I even ran the gcloud command to update an the exsiting deployed revision after turning off the public IP and only having the private IP available but it made no difference.
Is a public IP required for a connection from Cloud Run to Cloud SQL? I do not see that in the connection documentation page. Or is there something else I missed when trying to switch over to only having a private IP? Or do I need to create a new Cloud Instance without a public IP and go through the instructions for connecting Cloud Run via an instance anme again?
Is a public IP required for a connection from Cloud Run to Cloud SQL? I do not see that in the connection documentation page.
On the Connecting to Cloud SQL from Cloud Run page, it says "Note: These instructions require your Cloud SQL instance to have a public IP address configured."
Private IP access is access from a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). In order to access your instance through a VPC, the resource you are connecting to needs to be a part of the VPC. Cloud Run doesn't currently support VPC access, so you'll need to use have a public IP for now.
TL;DR: Open a case to the Google support
Your case is interesting because, by design, I think it's not yet supported.
In fact, when you create a Cloud SQL database with a private IP, a network peering is done between your VPC and the Cloud SQL VPC (or something equivalent).
In addition, today, it's not possible to plug your Cloud Run instance to your VPC. With function and App Engine, you have a serverless VPC connector, and not yet with Cloud Run (it's coming!).
The serverless VPC connector perform the same things as the Cloud SQL private IP, I mean a peering between your VPC and the Cloud Functions (or App Engine) VPC (or something equivalent).
And even if the serverless VPC connector is available on Cloud Run, it's not sure that it work because of network peering transitivity. In short, If you have a peering between VPC A -> VPC B and between VPC B -> VPC C, you can't reach VPC C from VPC A by performing an hop in VPC B. Replace A by VPC Cloud Run, B by VPC of your project, and C by VPC Cloud SQL.
Only directly peered networks can communicate. Transitive peering is not supported. In other words, if VPC network N1 is peered with N2 and N3, but N2 and N3 are not directly connected, VPC network N2 cannot communicate with VPC network N3 over VPC Network Peering.
I didn't check with AppEngine or Cloud Function, but this design shouldn't work.
But I'm not sure, that's why a case to the Google support will allow you to have a clear answer and maybe inputs on the roadmap. Any valuable information from Google Support are welcomed here!
I was also getting the following error when I was trying to connect to postgres using the following command from cloud shell:
gcloud sql connect
it seems your client does not have ipv6 connectivity...
What I do is that I login to one of the pods deployed using Google cloud Kubernetes using the following command:
kubectl exec --stdin --tty java-hello-world-7fdecb9894-smql4 -- /bin/bash
Then for 1st time I ran:
apt-get update
apt install postgresql-client
And now I can connect using:
psql -h postgres-private-ip -U username
I am trying to connect a VPC with GKE to a Cloud SQL database.
I have specified a VPC with the following details:
IP ranges gateway
10.240.0.0/24 10.240.0.1
I see that all my GKE services are in 10.39.xxx.xx
NAME CLUSTER_IP
service/kubernetes 10.39.240.1 ....
service/api 10.39.xxx.xx
service/web 10.39.xxx.xx
I don't actually understand the connection with the VPC here. I want to have the GKE cluster able to communicate with a Cloud SQL database without exposing it over the public internet.
I have a Cloud SQL db on public IP, say, 36.241.123.123 with a private IP equal to 10.7.224.3.
In SQL - Connections I check the private IP box and given the choice between default and dev-vpc which is the name of my VPC, I select dev-vpc.
According to https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/mysql/configure-private-ip I should be done now, but I am unable to connect to the Cloud SQL from my GKE cluster.
I do see the following message when selecting the private IP.
Private IP connectivity requires additional APIs and permissions. You may need to contact your organisation's administrator for help enabling or using this feature. Currently, Private IP cannot be disabled once it has been enabled.
I also have a VPC peering connection
Peering connection details
imported routes
10.7.224.0/24 [ the Cloud SQL internal IP is in this ]
exported routes
10.240.0.0/24 [ the VPC subrange ]
What am I missing?
The GKE cluster needs to be on the same VPC in order to have access to other services on that Private IP. This means you have to create a VPC-native cluster.
If you created your cluster before Cloud SQL had support for private IP, you need to recreate your cluster, I'm not sure why but most of the changes involving networking in GCP you have to recreate your cluster.
I'm trying to create a realistic network setup for a multi-tiered web application. I've created a new VPC within AWS with 1 x public subnet & 2 x private subnet. I then created a Postgres instance within the private subnet and set it to not publicly accessible. This adds an extra layer of security around the database, but how do I then access the database from my local IP?
I created a security group & assigned my IP to the inbound rules & assigned that to the DB instance during creation:
But I still have no way of connecting to it? Do I need to create a VPN and connect to my VPC via the VPN and then connect to the DB instance? Within the proposed architecture, how do you connect to the DB?
What I'm trying to achieve is an architecture which will allow me to create Lambda functions which communicate with the DB via the API Gateway and serve data to a web frontend. So I want the DB protected via the private subnet. But I also want to be able to connect directly to the DB from my local laptop.
At the moment - the RDS instance is running in the VPC, but I don't know how to connect to it. DoI need to set up an Internet Gateway / VPN / EC2 instance and jump to the DB?
You have implemented excellent security by placing the Amazon RDS database into a private subnet. This means it is not accessible from the Internet, which blocks off the majority of potential security threats.
However, it also means that you cannot connect to it from the Internet.
The most common method to achieve your goals is to launch an Amazon EC2 instance in the public subnet and use it as a Bastion or Jump Box:
You SSH into the Bastion
The Bastion can then connect you to other resources within the VPC
Since you merely wish to connect to a database (as opposed to logging into another server), the best method is to use SSH with port forwarding.
In Windows, this can be done using your SSH client -- for example, if you are using PuTTY, you can configure Tunnelling. See: How to Configure an SSH Tunnel on PuTTY
For Mac/Linux, use this command:
ssh -i YOUR-KEYPAIR.pem -L 5555:RDS-ENDPOINT:5432 ec2-user#YOUR-BASTION-SERVER
You then point the SQL client on your laptop to: localhost:5555
The 5555 can be any number you wish. It is merely the "local port" on your own computer that will be used to forward traffic to the remote computer.
The RDS-ENDPOINT is the Endpoint of your RDS database as supplied in the RDS console. It will be similar to: db.cnrffgvaxtw8.us-west-2.rds.amazonaws.com
BASTION-SERVER is the IP address or DNS name of the Jump Box you will use to connect
Then, any traffic sent to localhost:5555 from your SQL client will be automatically sent over the SSH connection to the Bastion/Jump Box, which will then forward it to port 5432 on the RDS database. The traffic will be encrypted across the SSH connection, and establishment of the connection requires an SSH keypair.
I referred a lot of articles and videos to find this answer.
yes, you can connect to rds instances in private subnets
we have two ways to connect
With server: By using ec2 in the public subnet and using it as a bastion host. we can connect to pg admin by ssh tunneling
Serverless: By using client VPN endpoint. create a client VPN endpoint and associate the subnets and allow the internet to the private subnets. and then download the configuration file and install open VPN GUI and import the configuration file and add the keys and then connect the open VPN. Now try to connect to pgadmin, it will connect.
for steps: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rSpA_kCGtwXOTIP2wwHSELf7j9KbXyQ3pVFveNBihv4/edit )