What is #csrf_exempt, and why should we use this in our views.py? Also, are there any alternatives to it?
Normally when you make a request via a form you want the form being submitted to your view to originate from your website and not come from some other domain. To ensure that this happens, you can put a csrf token in your form for your view to recognize. If you add #csrf_exempt to the top of your view, then you are basically telling the view that it doesn't need the token. This is a security exemption that you should take seriously.
The decorator marks a view as being exempt from the protection ensured by the middleware. Example:
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
#csrf_exempt
def my_view(request):
return HttpResponse('Hello world')
You should not have to use this unless you know exactly why. A good example where it is used is to build a webhook, that will receive informations from another site via a POST request. You then must be able to receive data even if it has no csrf token, but will be replaced by another system of security. For example, if you use stripe for the subscriptions of your clients, you need to know if a client unsubscribed his account. The webhook will be the way to inform your site, and then cut the access to your service for the unsubscribed client.
Related
I am making part of the web app where (unlogged users, all visitors) can fill the form and I have to save that data (name, phone number, question) in database..
I am making REST using Django, but for frontend I will use React or Django, and I am making POST method in Django framework that reads JSON data from POST https request, and then I save that data to database.. But I get error CSRF verification failed. Request aborted. because I don not use CSRF token, because it is not required for this (I do not have logged users).
But I do not want to disable CSRF, because for admin page I would use this to authenticate users?
So anyone knows how to avoid using CSRF token for this method? Thanks in advance..
def saveDataToDatabase(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
json_data = json.loads(request.body)
try:
data = json_data['data']
except KeyError:
HttpResponseServerError("Malformed data!")
This is the part of method..
It's possible to disable csrf protection on a view with #csrf_exempt decorator.
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
#csrf_exempt
def saveDataToDatabase(request):
# Your code here
More Infos on the Django doc
Have you thought about using Views to handle the requests? You may use these so you don´t have to do the next advice I´m giving you.
If the first advice wasn´t good enough, you may disable the csrf token in the settings file from Django. You need to remove (or comment) the django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware in the available Middleware list.
Any other question just ask. ;)
I am building an application with a Django Rest backend, and a VueJS front end and am working through authorization and authentication. I have the authentication working well, but am a bit stuck on letting the front end (VueJS) know what the user has authorization to do in terms of Add/Change/View/Delete for a model. For example, if a user cannot add a customer, I don't want to show the 'Add Customer button'.
Working through the Django docs, and solutions on StackOverflow, I believe the simplest way is to send the user's permissions from Django to VueJS.
The 'best'/'simplest' way I can see to get the permissions is with the following:
userModel = User.objects.get(request.user)
return User.get_all_permissions(userModel)
Where I am stuck is exactly where to put this logic and how to serialize it. Does the above belong in the View, Serializer, other? Up until now, I have only been working with Models (ModelSerializers and ModelViews), but I don't believe this falls into this category.
Thanks in advance...
You should add this logic to views, because the views are used to implement these kinds of logic.
Actually, you don't want to use serializers here, because of the response of .get_all_permissions() method is already in serialized form
Apart from that, your provided code is not good (it's clearly bad). It should be as below,
return request.user.get_all_permissions()
because, you'll get current logged-in user's instance through request.user, to get his/her permissions, you all need to call the get_all_permissions() method
Example
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, permission_classes
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
#permission_classes(IsAuthenticated, )
#api_view()
def my_view(request):
logged_in_user = request.user
return Response(data=logged_in_user.get_all_permissions())
I have a requirement that whenever I login or attempt to request a view that has a login_decorator then the next page be a page where I am required to ask the user to select a business entity (irreespective of the original view requested).
Let's say that the page is http://127.0.0.1:8999/APP/business_unit
To achieve this I configured the following in my settings.py
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL='/APP/business_unit_selector'
Now when i try to access http://127.0.0.1:8999/APP/range_list
the page goes to http://127.0.0.1:8999/APP/login?next=/APP/range_list I was expecting that the next page after login be /APP/business_unit
but instead, the next page was /APP/range_list
The browser address bar has http://127.0.0.1:8999/APP/login?next=/APP/range_list
Is it possible to achieve what I am trying in Django?
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL is used unly when next is unspecified. In your test request there is next=/APP/range_list - and that address is used to redirect user after login.
Probably the easiest and most effective solution is to make your own decorator, similar to login_required which redirects to /APP/business_unit_selector&next=<redirect_url> if unit is not selected, and apply it together with login_required. It is not the most efficient solution in terms of redirects number, but is quite clean, and doesn't mess up the login page.
You will also have to handle next parameter in your business_unit_selector view, if you like to achieve natural flow.
Your decorator should be something like
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from django.utils.http import urlquote
import functools
def business_unit_required(view):
#login_required # probably you want to incorporate it here
#functools.wraps(view)
def wrapped(request, *args, **kwargs):
if not 'selected_business_unit' in request.session:
return redirect('%s?next=%s' % (
reverse('business_unit_selector'),
urlquote(request.get_full_path())))
return view(request, *args, **kwargs)
return wrapped
The reason that http://127.0.0.1:8999/APP/login?next=/APP/range_list is redirecting you to range_list after logging in, is because with next= you are overriding what is specified in your settings file, LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL='/APP/business_unit_selector'.
If I understand correctly you need to user to choose a business entity after logging in.
A couple solutions that come to mind are as follows:
1.) Don't use a separate forms for login and business entity. Instead combine them.
Username
Password
Business Entity
2.) You can also specify in your view if the user doesn't have a buisness entity ResponseRedirect("/APP/business_unit_selector")
docs here
I am trying to do the following:
1) A payment solution is supposed to send an HTTP Post to my site
2) I would like to read the contents of the request(xml) and update my records to reflect the payment
I am trying this for the first time. When I create a URL path, and send a post to that address I get the csrf error.
Is there a way using Django wherein I can accept a post and don't have to return a response.
Thanks
Tanmay
Your view should return an http response, otherwise you will get an error. However, Django does not mind if that response does not contain any content. Your view can be as simple as:
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
#csrf_exempt
def my_view(request):
# do something with request.POST
return HttpResponse("")
Since it is a third party that is submitting the post request, and not a user submitting a form on your site, you can mark the view as exempt from CSRF protection using the csrf_exempt decorator, as above.
Note that anyone could submit a post request to your url, so you should have some way of checking that the response is genuine. Your payment solution should be able to advise a suitable way to do this.
In django, I want to do a particular action just before login_required() is called for a view. One hack or easy way out is to just have that url point to a view where login is not required and do that particular action (action: setting some things in the request.session) and then redirect back to this main view where login is required.
How should I go about it, if there's some option to cater to such things in django?
Is there a better or simpler way than to write my own decorator to do this?
Decorator is the best way, because it make code easy to understand and as for security reason, user can block redirections so you'll need to think about how to avoid this.
This arcticle seems usefull How to make a chain of function decorators?, because I think you'll need to pass request variable and also place your decorator to process checking first.
Just use the user_passes_test decorator instead and do your custom stuff before manually validating that they are authenticated. See: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/#django.contrib.auth.decorators.user_passes_test
Your question doesn't give much detail, but going by your example (setting some request variables), it sounds like you need Request Middleware. Take a look at the builtin django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware for an example:
class AuthenticationMiddleware(object):
def process_request(self, request):
assert hasattr(request, 'session'), "The Django authentication middleware requires session middleware to be installed. Edit your MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES setting to insert 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'."
request.user = SimpleLazyObject(lambda: get_user(request))
You'll need to define a class with the process_request method (as shown above). The process_request method will be called for each request, and passed a request instance. Within the method, you can check for request.user, and if the user is authenticated, and set whatever variables you want for the current request.
Writing your own decorator is the best way to approach this. Anywhere that you have #login_required, just add your own decorator in addition to the login_required decorator.
Or, you could call the login_required function from your decorator.