I am having trouble with my gunicorn, nginx deployed django application.
Everything runs smoothly on my local development and python manage.py check does not throw any errors. However, as soon as I deploy my application to my server this error is thrown:ImportError at / cannot import name 'register_new_org_view' from 'users.views' (/home/ubuntu/xyz/users/views.py)
I have defined the view and import it correctly... other views from other apps are working perfectly fine... what can be the reason?
Thank you so much for your help!
Update1: Project Tree/Structure:
xyz_Django
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── asgi.py
│ ├── xyz_django_env
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── landingpage
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── templates
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── manage.py
├── organization
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── decorators.py
│ ├── forms.py
│ ├── migrations
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── templates
│ ├── tests.py
│ └── views.py
├── overview
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── custom_HTML_calendar.py
│ ├── forms.py
│ ├── migrations
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── overview_helper.py
│ ├── templates
│ ├── testing_file.py
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── requirements.txt
├── slack_application
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── migrations
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── slack_application_helpers.py
│ ├── slack_notifications.py
│ ├── slack_notifications_daily_afternoon.py
│ ├── slack_notifications_daily_morning.py
│ ├── slack_notifications_weekly_friday.py
│ ├── tests.py
│ └── views.py
├── templates
│ ├── account
│ └── socialaccount
└── users
├── __init__.py
├── __pycache__
├── adapter.py
├── admin.py
├── apps.py
├── forms.py
├── migrations
├── models.py
├── templates
├── tests.py
├── tokens.py
├── user_automation_on_submission.py
├── user_automations_daily_update.py
└── views.py
I know this has been asked a lot of times but none of the solutions seem to work. I am trying to run a Django app in Heroku but am running into issues when I try to scale dynos.
➜ main-website git:(master) heroku ps:scale web=1
Scaling dynos... !
▸ Couldn't find that process type (web).
The issue seems to be related to ProcFile. This is what I have configured in my root directory (same as requirements.txt etc).
web: gunicorn main-website.wsgi:application --log-file -
What am I missing or doing wrong so I can correct this?
Project Structure
➜ main-website git:(master) tree -L 3
.
├── app
│ ├── about
│ │ ├── admin.py
│ │ ├── apps.py
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── migrations
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── tests.py
│ │ ├── urls.py
│ │ └── views.py
│ ├── app
│ │ ├── asgi.py
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── settings.py
│ │ ├── urls.py
│ │ └── wsgi.py
│ ├── contact
│ │ ├── admin.py
│ │ ├── apps.py
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── migrations
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── tests.py
│ │ ├── urls.py
│ │ └── views.py
│ ├── core
│ │ ├── admin.py
│ │ ├── apps.py
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── migrations
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── tests
│ │ ├── tests.py
│ │ └── views.py
│ ├── db.sqlite3
│ ├── home
│ │ ├── admin.py
│ │ ├── apps.py
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── migrations
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── static
│ │ ├── tests.py
│ │ ├── urls.py
│ │ └── views.py
│ ├── manage.py
│ ├── privacy
│ │ ├── admin.py
│ │ ├── apps.py
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── migrations
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── tests.py
│ │ ├── urls.py
│ │ └── views.py
│ ├── static
│ │ ├── app
│ │ ├── css
│ │ ├── images
│ │ └── scripts
│ └── templates
│ ├── about.html
│ ├── contact.html
│ ├── footer.html
│ ├── header.html
│ ├── home.html
│ ├── layout.html
│ ├── privacy.html
│ └── slider.html
├── docker-compose.yml
├── Dockerfile
├── LICENSE
├── ProcFile
└── requirements.txt
The file name is Procfile not ProcFile.
Then try this web: gunicorn main-website.wsgi:application --log-file -
Eclipse Neon (4.6.0).
PyDev for Eclipse 5.1.2.201606231256
I have created a Django project:
File / New / Project / PyDev Django project
Selected "Add project directory to the PYTHONPATH".
Now I have this folder structure.
(django_comments) michael#ThinkPad:~/workspace/formsets$ tree
.
└── formsets
├── db.sqlite3
├── formsets
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── __init__.cpython-35.pyc
│ │ ├── settings.cpython-35.pyc
│ │ ├── urls.cpython-35.pyc
│ │ └── wsgi.cpython-35.pyc
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── home_page
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── migrations
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ └── __pycache__
│ │ └── __init__.cpython-35.pyc
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ │ ├── admin.cpython-35.pyc
│ │ ├── __init__.cpython-35.pyc
│ │ ├── models.cpython-35.pyc
│ │ └── views.cpython-35.pyc
│ ├── templates
│ │ └── home_page
│ │ └── home_page.html
│ ├── tests.py
│ └── views.py
└── manage.py
In prjoect properties in PyDev-PYTHONPATH at the tab Source Folders I have:
/${PROJECT_DIR_NAME}
In home_page/views.py I have created HomePageView. And in urls.py I would like to import it:
from home_page.views import HomePageView
The problem is:
1) HomePageView is underlined with red line. Error is Unresolved import: HomePageView.
2) Code completion is not working.
By the way, if I run the project, it works. That HomePageView shows what was expected.
Could you help me understand what have I done wrongly.
Try to add a path to the directory where your manage.py file is located. So I'm guessing it to add:
/${PROJECT_DIR_NAME}/formsets
I'm a 2 Scoops of Django 1.8 reader. Chapter 29 (what about those random utilities) suggests to create a core app to store commonly used code. It also suggests that you can use this syntax to import code from it:
e.g.
from core.models import TimeStampedModel
How ever it seems that this relative import does not work. I'm using cookiecutter-django and I needed to do:
from projectname.apps.core.models import TimeStampedModel
I tried adding my APPS_DIR to the path:
sys.path.insert(str(APPS_DIR))
But that resulted in import conflicts given that now there were 2 modules with the same name, new_app and projectname.apps.new_app.
I just want to avoid explicit imports. Is there a way to include the Installed Apps in the python path without creating import conflicts? what are best practices regarding external apps imports?
edit: adds project structure
.
├── README.rst
├── manage.py
├── config
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── settings
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── common.py
│ │ ├── local.py
│ │ ├── test.py
│ │ ├── production.py
│ │ └── staging.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ ├── views.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── projectname
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── apps
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── core
│ │ │ └── __init__.py
│ │ └── new_app
│ │ └── __init__.py
│ ├── static
│ │ └── ...
│ └── templates
│ └── ...
├── requirements
│ ├── base.txt
│ ├── local.txt
│ ├── production.txt
│ └── test.txt
└── tests
└── ...
If you want to use relative imports you need to import it this way
from .core.models import TimeStampedModel
This would take the relative path from which the code is being executed, unlike absolute imports which are not supported in Django 1.8
So I have a flask app structured in this manner
calvin % tree -L 3 .
.
├── README
├── alembic
│ ├── README
│ ├── env.py
│ ├── env.pyc
│ ├── script.py.mako
│ └── versions
├── alembic.ini
├── api.sublime-project
├── app
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __init__.pyc
│ ├── admin
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ └── __init__.pyc
│ ├── agencies
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── __init__.pyc
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ └── models.pyc
│ ├── agents
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── __init__.pyc
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── models.pyc
│ │ ├── views.py
│ │ └── views.pyc
│ ├── api.py
│ ├── api.pyc
│ ├── auth
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── __init__.pyc
│ │ ├── constants.py
│ │ ├── constants.pyc
│ │ ├── decorators.py
│ │ ├── decorators.pyc
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── models.pyc
│ │ ├── views.py
│ │ └── views.pyc
│ ├── districts
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── __init__.pyc
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── models.pyc
│ │ ├── views.py
│ │ └── views.pyc
│ ├── helpers.py
│ ├── helpers.pyc
│ ├── middleware.py
│ ├── middleware.pyc
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── models.pyc
│ ├── properties
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── __init__.pyc
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ └── models.pyc
│ ├── templates
│ │ └── index.html
│ ├── users
│ │ ├── __init__.py
│ │ ├── __init__.pyc
│ │ ├── models.py
│ │ ├── models.pyc
│ │ ├── views.py
│ │ └── views.pyc
│ └── viewings
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __init__.pyc
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── models.pyc
│ ├── views.py
│ └── views.pyc
├── config.py
├── config.pyc
├── manage.py
├── requirements.txt
├── run.py
└── shell.py
I am setting up my shell so that it auto-imports all the classes located in the models.py files when I execute ./manage.py shell
And this is the script in manage.py that is intended to achieve that (reference flask-script docs)
def _make_context():
from app import models
return dict(app=app, db=db, models=models) # TODO: this is not working appropriately
manager.add_command("shell", Shell(make_context=_make_context))
In my app/models.py, I have import statements from every module, "agencies", "auth" etc etc.
However, when I enter my shell environment, I have to access my classes as models.Users instead of directly Users, which is not what I am expecting. How do I auto-import everything so that I can access the classes directly?
Below is a simplified solution that assumes you're using SQLAlchemy (db.Model). If not, you should only need to change the issubclass if-statement to match your appropriate check of what to import.
from app import db, create_app
import app.models as models
from flask.ext.script import Manager, Shell
app = create_app()
manager = Manager(app)
def make_shell_context():
return_dict = {}
# grab everything we can possibly import from the models module
module_importables = dir(models)
for importable in module_importables:
# if it isn't a class, it'll throw a TypeError exception that importable is not a class
try:
# we only want our SQLAlchemy models
if issubclass(getattr(models,importable),db.Model):
return_dict[importable] = getattr(models,importable)
except TypeError as inst:
pass
return_dict['app'] = app
return_dict['db'] = db
return return_dict
manager.add_command("shell", Shell(make_context=make_shell_context))
if __name__ == '__main__':
manager.run()
Instead of
from app import models
You can do:
from app.models import *
This will import all classes,variables from models. Note: It is usually not recommended to import * but in this case, it could work for you. Ideally, you should do something like:
from app.models import Users, ...and so on