C++ Error when threading, std::invoke: - c++

Question

Okay, so these are my errors.
std::invoke: no matching overloaded function found
// and
Failed to specialize function template 'unkown-type std::invoke("Callable &&,_Types &&...) noexcept()'
I really need your guys help. Im pretty new to C++, so I would like if you gave me examples on how to do it. Not only explain.
And this is my code:
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void SetColor(int ForgC);
void Navigation();
void Switch(int index);
void UpdateMenu();
const int IWAL = 1;
const int ITRI = 0;
int M_Index = 0;
int Changes = 0;
bool Name1 = false;
bool Name2 = false;
string bools[2] = { "[OFF]", "[ON]" };
void Navigation()
{
for (;;)
{
for (int i = 2; i < 180; i++)
{
if (GetAsyncKeyState(i) & 0x8000)
{
switch (i)
{
case 38:
if (M_Index < 2)
M_Index++;
Changes++;
break;
case 40:
if (M_Index > 0)
M_Index--;
Changes++;
break;
case 37:
Switch(M_Index);
Changes++;
break;
case 39:
Switch(M_Index);
Changes++;
break;
}
Sleep(200);
}
}
}
}
void Switch(int index)
{
if (index == IWAL)
{
Name1 = !Name1;
}
else if (index == ITRI)
{
Name2 = !Name2;
}
}
void UpdateMenu()
{
int temp = -1;
for (;;)
{
if (temp != Changes)
{
temp = Changes;
system("cls");
SetColor(15);
cout << ">> Krizzo's Menu <<" << endl;
cout << "___________________" << endl << endl;
if (M_Index == IWAL)
{
SetColor(10);
cout << " Name1\t=\t" << bools[Name1] << endl;
}
else
{
SetColor(15);
cout << " Name1\t=\t" << bools[Name1] << endl;
}
if (M_Index == ITRI)
{
SetColor(10);
cout << " Name2\t=\t" << bools[Name2] << endl;
}
else
{
SetColor(15);
cout << " Name2\t=\t" << bools[Name2] << endl;
}
}
}
}
void SetColor(int ForgC)
{
WORD wColor;
//We will need this handle to get the current background attribute
HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;
//We use csbi for the wAttributes word.
if (GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hStdOut, &csbi))
{
//Mask out all but the background attribute, and add in the foreground color
wColor = (csbi.wAttributes & 0xF0) + (ForgC & 0x0F);
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hStdOut, wColor);
}
return;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
std::thread t1(Navigation);
std::thread t2(Switch);
std::thread t3(UpdateMenu);
std::thread t4(SetColor);
t1.join();
t2.join();
t3.join();
t4.join();
return 0;
}

Answer 1

Your Switch and SetColor functions take a parameter. You have to pass this parameter to the thread constructor. Example:
int addOne(int x)
{
return x + 1;
}
int main()
{
std::thread t1(addOne, 5);
t1.join();
}
When dealing with reference parameters, you have to wrap the parameter in a std::ref() call:
void addOne(int& x)
{
x += 1;
}
int main()
{
int a = 42;
std::thread t1(addOne, std::ref(a));
t1.join();
}
Lastly, when you want to run a member function of a class on a seperate thread, you have to pass the this pointer, as the thread has to know which instance the member function is called on.
class X
{
void doSomething()
{
std::thread t1(X::expensiveCalculations, this);
//do something else
t1.join();
}
void expensiveCalculations()
{
}
};
int main()
{
X x;
x.doSomething();
}