My input file contains:
Startoffile
Host status
Server1
Server2
Server3
Pending Device
Device1
Device2
..
Devic100
Endoffile
How to write a simple PowerShell script which will read the files until the line "Pending Device"?
without knowing much about your desired action, try this:
$file = Get-Content "C:\Users\user\Downloads\file.txt"
foreach ($line in $file) {
if ($line -match "Pending Device") {
Write-Host "Reached 'Pending Device'" -ForegroundColor Red
}
else {
Write-Host "No 'Pending Device' yet"
}
}
Related
When I run the following script from a newly opened PowerShell console, the loop exits so there is clearly a match, but the $matches variable (and thus $matches.PORT) is not populated the first time around. When the script is run again, it is populated.
./ssh.ps1
$BLOCK = { az webapp create-remote-connection --subscription <MY-SUBSCRIPTION> --resource-group <RESOURCE-GROUP> -n <NAME> }
$global:CONNECTION = Start-ThreadJob -ScriptBlock $BLOCK
$done = 0
$match_string = ".*Opening tunnel on port: (?<PORT>\d{1,5})\b.*"
while ($done -lt 1) {
if ($CONNECTION.HasMoreData)
{
$DATA = Receive-Job $CONNECTION 2>&1
if ($DATA -match $match_string)
{
$port = $matches.PORT
Write-Output "Connection open on port $port."
$done = 1
}
}
}
Write-Output "Loop ended."
exit
Output in the PowerShell console is:
PS <LOCAL-DIR>> ./ssh
Connection open on port .
Loop ended.
PS <LOCAL-DIR>> ./ssh
Connection open on port 63182.
Loop ended.
By contrast, when I try running the following script, $matches is populated the first time it is run.
./match.ps1
$string1 = "hello, hello, you big beautiful world of wonder!"
$match_str = ".*\b(?<gotcha>world)\b.*"
$done = 0
while ($done -lt 1)
{
if ($string1 -match $match_str)
{
write-output "Matches:"
write-output $matches
$done = 1
}
}
Output:
PS <LOCAL-DIR>> ./match
Matches:
Name Value
---- -----
gotcha world
0 hello, hello, you big beautiful world of wonder!
If anyone can fathom why the text is matched in the first script without $matches being populated I would be incredibly grateful.
P.S.
The script existing after the loop is just for investigative purposes and not what my code will actually do.
P.P.S.
For reference, the output from az webapp create-remote-connection, after a delay whilst connecting, is:
Verifying if app is running....
App is running. Trying to establish tunnel connection...
Opening tunnel on port: 63341
SSH is available { username: root, password: Docker! }
Ctrl + C to close
(The port varies each time.)
If the automatic $Matches variable isn't populated after a -match operation, the implication is that the LHS operand was a collection rather than a single string.
Therefore, loop over the value of $DATA and match each line individually:
foreach ($line in $DATA) {
if ($line -match $match_string)
{
$port = $matches.PORT
"Connection open on port $port."
$done = 1
break
}
}
By design:
$Matches is only populated if the LHS is a string (scalar).
With a collection (array) as the LHS, -match - as many comparison operators do - acts as a filter and returns the (potentially empty) sub-array of matching elements.
Any prior $Matches value is preserved if either a given string-scalar -match operation happens not to find a match or its LHS is a collection.
I have a Powershell Script I'm working on for post-migration SSRS report administration tasks.
In this particular scenario we have a DEV environment (where I've been primarily testing) which hosts a single instance of SSRS, and a Prod environment which is a scaled out deployment across 4 nodes.
I'm new to Powershell (just discovered it 2 days ago...) and the script I have is pretty simple:
Clear-Host
$Username = "domain\myUsername"
$Password = "myPassword"
$Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -ArgumentList #($Username,(ConvertTo-SecureString -String $Password -AsPlainText -Force))
# Dev Connection String
$webServiceUrl = 'http://DEVwebServer.domain.com/reportserver/reportservice2010.asmx?WSDL'
# Prod Connection String
# $webServiceUrl = 'http://PRODwebServerNode1.domain.com/reportserver/reportservice2010.asmx?WSDL'
$rs = New-WebServiceProxy -Uri $webServiceUrl -Credential $Cred
$reports = $rs.ListChildren("/Some Folder Under Root", $true) | Where-Object { $_.TypeName -eq "Report" }
$type = $ssrsProxy.GetType().Namespace;
$schedDefType = "{0}.ScheduleDefinition" -f $type;
$schedDef = New-Object ($schedDefType)
$warning = #();
foreach ($report in $reports) {
$sched = $rs.GetExecutionOptions($report.Path, [ref]$schedDef);
$snapShotExists = $rs.ListItemHistory($report.Path);
if($sched -eq "Snapshot") {
Write-Host "Following report is configured to run from Snapshot:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host ("Report Name: {0}`nReport Path: {1}`nExecution Type: {2}`n" -f $report.Name, $report.Path, $sched)
if ($snapShotExists) {
Write-Host "Does Snapshot Exist..?`n" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host "Yes!`tNumber of Snapshots: " $snapShotExists.Count -ForegroundColor Green
$snapShotExists.CreationDate
Write-Host "`n------------------------------------------------------------"
}
elseif (!$snapShotExists) {
Write-Host "Does Snapshot Exist..?`n" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host ("No!`n") -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host "Creating Snapshot.......`n" -ForegroundColor Yellow
$rs.CreateItemHistorySnapshot($report.Path, [ref]$warning);
Write-Host "Snapshot Created!`n" -ForegroundColor Green
$snapShotExists.CreationDate
Write-Host "`n------------------------------------------------------------"
}
}
}
The purpose of the script is simply to recursively iterate over all of the reports for the given folder in the $reports variable, check to see if the execution type is set to "Snapshot", if it is check to see if a "History Snapshot" exists, and if one does not exist, create one.
When I run this in Dev it works just fine, but when I run in PROD I get the following error repeated for each $report in my foreach loop:
Any ideas on why this would work in one and not the other and how to overcome this error?
I was able to get this working on the Prod instance by making some adjustments using this answer as a guide:
By updating my call to New-WebServiceProxy to add a Class and Namespace flag, I was able to update the script in the following ways:
...
# Add Class and Namespace flags to New-WebServiceProxy call
$rs = New-WebServiceProxy -Class 'RS' -Namespace 'RS' -Uri $webServiceUrl -Credential $Cred
$reports = $rs.ListChildren("/Business and Technology Solutions", $true) | Where-Object { $_.TypeName -eq "Report" }
# Declare new "ScheduleDefintion object using the Class declared in the New-WebServiceProxy call
$schedDef = New-Object RS.ScheduleDefinition
$warning = #();
foreach ($report in $reports) {
# Referencing the "Item" property from the ScheduleDefinition
$execType = $rs.GetExecutionOptions($report.Path, [ref]$schedDef.Item)
...
I don't think the adding of the Class and Namespace flags on the New-WebServiceProxy call was exactly what did it, as I think it's just a cleaner way to ensure you're getting the proper Namespace from the WebService. Maybe just a little sugar.
I think the key change was making sure to the "Item" property from the schedule definition object, although I'm not sure why it was working in Dev without doing so...
I am trying to work with NETSH from PowerShell. I want see a result from this command such as an object, but netsh returns a string:
netsh wlan show hostednetwork | Get-Member
TypeName: System.String
...
My script must work on system with rather localization, and I can't use -match for parsing a string to an object directly.
How I can solve my trouble?
$netshResult = Invoke-Command -Computername localhost {netsh int tcp show global}
$result = #{}
$netshObject = New-Object psobject -Property #{
ReceiveSideScalingState = $Null
ChimneyOffloadState = $Null
NetDMAState = $Null
}
$netshResult = $netshResult | Select-String : #break into chunks if colon only
$i = 0
while($i -lt $netshResult.Length){
$line = $netshResult[$i]
$line = $line -split(":")
$line[0] = $line[0].trim()
$line[1] = $line[1].trim()
$result.$($line[0]) = $($line[1])
$i++
}
$netshObject.ReceiveSideScalingState = $result.'Receive-Side Scaling State'
$netshObject.ChimneyOffloadState = $result.'Chimney Offload State'
$netshObject.NetDMAState = $result.'NetDMA State'
You got a few alternatives, none of which are nice.
1) Read the netsh output into a string[] and use a custom record parser to create your own object. That is, look at the output on different locales and find out if, say, Hosted newtork settings is always the first header followed by bunch of - characters. If that's the case, assume that next element in array is Mode and so on. This is very error prone, but usually MS command line tools only translate messages, not their order.
2) Look for .Net API for the same information. There is System.Net.NetworkInformation which contains a bunch of connection things. It's a start, though I am not sure if it has info you need.
3) Failing the previous options, use P/Invoke to call native Win32 API. It's a lot of work, so look for pre-existing wrapper libraries before rolling your own.
I recently wrote a cmdlet to parse arbitrary, multi-line text using regular expressions, called ConvertFrom-Text. (Not a great name, if you ask me, but it conforms to the PowerShell naming rules; suggestions are welcome!) So assuming you have that cmdlet, here is one possible solution to your question. (Caveat emptor! The regular expression given was derived from a very small sample of netsh output, so may need some tuning.)
$regex = [regex] '(?ms)(?:^\s*$\s*)?^(?<section>.*?)\s*-+\s*(?<data>.*?)\s*^\s*$'
$result = netsh wlan show hostednetwork | Out-String |
ConvertFrom-Text -pattern $regex -multiline
$result | % {
$dataObj = [PsCustomObject]#{}
$_.Data -split "`r`n" | % {
$element = $_ -split '\s*:\s*'
Add-Member -InputObject $dataObj -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $element[0].Trim() -Value $element[1].Trim()
}
$_.Data = $dataObj # Replace data text with data object
}
$result
On my test system, netsh wlan show hostednetwork returns this:
Hosted network settings
-----------------------
Mode : Allowed
Settings : <Not configured>
Hosted network status
---------------------
Status : Not available
And the output of the $result variable in the code above yields this:
section data
------- ----
Hosted network settings #{Mode=Allowed; Settings=<Not configured>}
Hosted network status #{Status=Not available}
So $result is an array of objects with section and data properties, and the latter is an object with properties defined by the output of the netsh command.
Of course, the above does not get you very far without the ConvertFrom-Text cmdlet. So here is the implementation. (I have copious documentation and examples for it, which will be publicly available once I eventually add it to my open-source PowerShell library.)
filter ConvertFrom-Text
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param (
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true)]
[string[]]$InputObject,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,Position=1)]
[regex]$Pattern,
[switch]$RequireAll,
[switch]$Multiline
)
if ($Multiline) {
$dataString = $InputObject -join "`n"
IterateByMatch $dataString $Pattern
}
else {
IterateByLine $InputObject $Pattern
}
}
function IterateByLine([string[]]$data, [regex]$regex)
{
$data | ForEach-Object {
if ($PSItem -match $regex)
{
New-Object PSObject -Property (GetRegexNamedGroups $matches)
}
elseif ($RequireAll) {
throw "invalid line: $_"
}
}
}
function IterateByMatch([string[]]$data, [regex]$regex)
{
$regex.matches($data) | Foreach-Object {
$match = $_
$obj = new-object object
$regex.GetGroupNames() |
Where-Object {$_ -notmatch '^\d+$'} |
Foreach-Object {
Add-Member -InputObject $obj NoteProperty `
$_ $match.groups[$regex.GroupNumberFromName($_)].value
}
$obj
}
}
function Get-RegexNamedGroups($hash)
{
$newHash = #{};
$hash.keys | ? { $_ -notmatch '^\d+$' } | % { $newHash[$_] = $hash[$_] }
$newHash
}
I'm pretty new to scripting in general. I'm writing an expect script that ssh'es into a Cisco switch, and runs the "show cdp neighbors" command to get a list of all the devices connected to the switch. I then save the output into a variable and exit the ssh session.
I have the username and password being set in the included file.
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
#exp_internal 1
source accountfile
set timeout 10
spawn $env(SHELL)
expect "#"
send "ssh $USERNAME#<hostname>\r"
expect {
"continue connecting" {
send_user "Adding host to ssh known hosts list...\n"
send "yes\n"
exp_continue
}
"Do you want to change the host key on disk" {
send_user "Changing host key on disk...\n"
send "yes\n"
exp_continue
}
"assword:" {
send "$PASSWORD\r"
}
}
expect "#"
send "term len 0\r"
expect "#"
send "show cdp neighbors\r"
expect "#"
set result $expect_out(buffer)
send "exit\r"
expect "#"
So then I want to take $result and look for lines that contain ' R ', and save those lines to a file (R with spaces on either side indicates a router, which is what I'm interested in)
The problem is that if the name of a connected device is long, it puts the name of the device on one line, and then the rest of the data about the device on the next line. So if I match the ' R ' string, I won't get the name of the device, since the name is on the previous line.
Device ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port ID
...
<device_name_really_long>
Gig 2/0/52 171 R S I WS-C6509 Gig 3/14
<device_name2> Gig 2/0/1 131 H P M IP Phone Port 1
...
Any ideas? there's probably a regex that would do it, but I don't know squat about regex.
SOLVED: thanks to Glenn Jackman
I ended up having to add an expect condition to check if I had a full buffer, so my final code looks like this:
#!/usr/bin/expect
#exp_internal 1
match_max 10000
set expect_out(buffer) {}
set timeout 30
source accountfile
spawn $env(SHELL)
expect "#"
send "ssh $USERNAME#ol2110-3750stack.sw.network.local\r"
expect {
"continue connecting" {
send_user "Adding host to ssh known hosts list...\n"
send "yes\n"
exp_continue
}
"Do you want to change the host key on disk" {
send_user "Changing host key on disk...\n"
send "yes\n"
exp_continue
}
"assword:" {
send "$PASSWORD\r"
}
}
expect "#"
send "term len 0\r"
expect "#"
send "show cdp neighbors\r"
set result ""
expect {
{full_buffer} {
puts "====== FULL BUFFER ======"
append result $expect_out(buffer)
exp_continue
}
"#" {
append result $expect_out(buffer)
}
}
send "exit\r"
expect "#"
set devices [list]
set current_device ""
set lines [split $result "\n"]
foreach line $lines {
set line [string trim $line]
if {[llength $line] == 1} {
set current_device $line
continue
}
set line "$current_device$line\n"
if {[string match {* R *} $line]} {
lappend devices $line
}
set current_device ""
}
puts $devices
set devices [list]
set current_device ""
foreach line [split $result \n] {
if {[llength [split [string trim $line]]] == 1} {
set current_device $line
continue
}
set line "$current_device$line"
if {[string match {* R *} $line]} {
lappend devices $line
}
set current_device ""
}
# devices list should now contain "joined" routers.
I'm attempting to write a menu driven modular perl script that will capture user input and automate the network configuration process. This script has to be able to install required Arch packages, configure AP mode, configure either DHCP or a static address for the user selected interface and give an option to enable bridging. (EDIT: The script also needs to be able to enable and configure the dhcpd service)
The part I'm stuck on right now is creating a backup of the rc.conf file, reading the file and editing the lines that need to be modified if a network interface has already been statically configured. This script is for use in ArchLinux, I did some searching around and didn't find anything that met my needs specifically.
Using generic input for
$ip = 1.1.1.1; $Bcast = 2.2.2.2; $netmask = 3.3.3.3; $GW = 4.4.4.4;
I've spent about two hours reading about file I/O and tried several things that didn't work including scrapping the multiple file IO method and using something similar to: while(<IS>){s/^interface.?=(.*)$/"interface=#if[0] \n"/;} with inputs for each of the values that need to be replaced and couldn't get it to actually do anything.
if (system ("cat","/etc/rc.conf","|","grep","interface")){
use File::Copy "cp";
$filename = "/etc/rc.conf";
$tempfile = "/etc/rc.tmp";
$bak = "/etc/rc.bak";
cp($filename,$bak);
open(IS, $filename);
open(OS, ">$tempfile");
while(<IS>){
if($_ =~ /^interface.?=(.*)$/){ print OS"interface=#if[0] \n";}
if($_ =~ /^address.?=(.*)$/){ print OS "address=$ip\n";}
if($_ =~/^netmask.?=(.*)$/){ print OS "netmask=$netmask\n";}
if($_ =~/^broadcast.?=(.*)$/){ print OS "broadcast=$Bcast\n";}
if($_ =~/^gateway.?=(.*)$/){ print OS "gateway=$GW\n"; }
else {print OS $_;}
}
close(IS); close(OS);
unlink($filename); rename($tempfile, $filename);
}
rc.conf before
#
# /etc/rc.conf - Main Configuration for Arch Linux
. /etc/archiso/functions
LOCALE_DEFAULT="en_US.UTF-8"
DAEMON_LOCALE_DEFAULT="no"
CLOCK_DEFAULT="UTC"
TIMEZONE_DEFAULT="Canada/Pacific"
KEYMAP_DEFAULT="us"
CONSOLEFONT_DEFAULT=
CONSOLEMAP_DEFAULT=
USECOLOR_DEFAULT="yes"
LOCALE="$(kernel_cmdline locale ${LOCALE_DEFAULT})"
DAEMON_LOCALE="$(kernel_cmdline daemon_locale ${DAEMON_LOCALE_DEFAULT})"
HARDWARECLOCK="$(kernel_cmdline clock ${CLOCK_DEFAULT})"
TIMEZONE="$(kernel_cmdline timezone ${TIMEZONE_DEFAULT})"
KEYMAP="$(kernel_cmdline keymap ${KEYMAP_DEFAULT})"
CONSOLEFONT="$(kernel_cmdline consolefont ${CONSOLEFONT_DEFAULT})"
CONSOLEMAP="$(kernel_cmdline consolemap ${CONSOLEMAP_DEFAULT})"
USECOLOR="$(kernel_cmdline usecolor ${USECOLOR_DEFAULT})"
MODULES=()
UDEV_TIMEOUT=30
USEDMRAID="no"
USEBTRFS="no"
USELVM="no"
HOSTNAME="archiso"
DAEMONS=(hwclock syslog-ng)
interface=eth0
address=192.168.0.99
netmask=255.255.255.0
broadcast=192.168.0.255
gateway=192.168.0.1
rc.conf after
#
# /etc/rc.conf - Main Configuration for Arch Linux
. /etc/archiso/functions
LOCALE_DEFAULT="en_US.UTF-8"
DAEMON_LOCALE_DEFAULT="no"
CLOCK_DEFAULT="UTC"
TIMEZONE_DEFAULT="Canada/Pacific"
KEYMAP_DEFAULT="us"
CONSOLEFONT_DEFAULT=
CONSOLEMAP_DEFAULT=
USECOLOR_DEFAULT="yes"
LOCALE="$(kernel_cmdline locale ${LOCALE_DEFAULT})"
DAEMON_LOCALE="$(kernel_cmdline daemon_locale ${DAEMON_LOCALE_DEFAULT})"
HARDWARECLOCK="$(kernel_cmdline clock ${CLOCK_DEFAULT})"
TIMEZONE="$(kernel_cmdline timezone ${TIMEZONE_DEFAULT})"
KEYMAP="$(kernel_cmdline keymap ${KEYMAP_DEFAULT})"
CONSOLEFONT="$(kernel_cmdline consolefont ${CONSOLEFONT_DEFAULT})"
CONSOLEMAP="$(kernel_cmdline consolemap ${CONSOLEMAP_DEFAULT})"
USECOLOR="$(kernel_cmdline usecolor ${USECOLOR_DEFAULT})"
MODULES=()
UDEV_TIMEOUT=30
USEDMRAID="no"
USEBTRFS="no"
USELVM="no"
HOSTNAME="archiso"
DAEMONS=(hwclock syslog-ng)
interface=eth0
interface=eth0
address=1.1.1.1
address=192.168.0.99
netmask=3.3.3.3
netmask=255.255.255.0
broadcast=2.2.2.2
broadcast=192.168.0.255
gateway=4.4.4.4
I am not going to comment on the wisdom of the rest of your script, but you have:
if (system ("cat","/etc/rc.conf","|","grep","interface")){
system returns 0 on success.
So, you'll enter the block only if that system call fails.
If fact, I am on a Windows system right now with no /etc/rc.conf (but cat and grep thanks to Cygwin. Running the following script:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict; use warnings;
if (system ("cat","/etc/rc.conf","|","grep","interface")){
print "*** it worked! ***\n";
if ($? == -1) {
print "failed to execute: $!\n";
}
elsif ($? & 127) {
printf "child died with signal %d, %s coredump\n",
($? & 127), ($? & 128) ? 'with' : 'without';
}
else {
printf "child exited with value %d\n", $? >> 8;
}
}
produces the output:
cat: /etc/rc.conf: No such file or directory
cat: |: No such file or directory
cat: grep: No such file or directory
cat: interface: No such file or directory
*** it worked! ***
child exited with value 1
That means system returned a failure code. Now, if you want to use shell piping and redirection, you should pass system a string, not a list, and check like this:
if (system ('cat /etc/rc.conf | grep interface') == 0) {
On the other hand, I would rather not trust shells propagating exit status.
The following should point you in a better direction:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;use warnings;
my %lookup = (
eth0 => {
address => '1.1.1.1',
broadcast => '2.2.2.2',
netmask => '3.3.3.3',
gateway => '4.4.4.4',
},
wlan0 => {
address => '5.5.5.5',
broadcast => '6.6.6.6',
netmask => '7.7.7.7',
gateway => '8.8.8.8',
},
);
while (my $line = <DATA>) {
if (my ($interface) = ($line =~ /^interface=(\S+)/)) {
print $line;
if (exists $lookup{$interface}) {
$line = process_interface(\*DATA, $lookup{$interface});
redo;
}
}
else {
print $line;
}
}
sub process_interface {
my ($fh, $lookup) = #_;
my $keys = join '|', sort keys %$lookup;
while (my $line = <DATA>) {
$line =~ s/\A($keys)=.+/$1=$lookup->{$1}/
or return $line;
print $line;
}
return;
}
__DATA__
#
# /etc/rc.conf - Main Configuration for Arch Linux
. /etc/archiso/functions
# stuff
interface=eth0
address=192.168.0.99
netmask=255.255.255.0
broadcast=192.168.0.255
gateway=192.168.0.1
interface=wlan0
address=192.168.0.99
netmask=255.255.255.0
broadcast=192.168.0.255
gateway=192.168.0.1
Output:
#
# /etc/rc.conf - Main Configuration for Arch Linux
. /etc/archiso/functions
# stuff
interface=eth0
address=1.1.1.1
netmask=3.3.3.3
broadcast=2.2.2.2
gateway=4.4.4.4
interface=wlan0
address=5.5.5.5
netmask=7.7.7.7
broadcast=6.6.6.6
gateway=8.8.8.8
The problem is your if/if/if/if/if/else chain, which should be an if/elsif/elsif/elsif/elsif/else chain. The else { print OS $_ } triggers on every line that doesn't match gateway=, including the ones that match interface, address, etc.