When I get to my beloved Spyder console and it welcomes me with
Python 2.7.12 (default, Dec 4 2017, 14:50:18)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
IPython 2.4.1 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help -> Python's own help system.
object? -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.
%guiref -> A brief reference about the graphical user interface.
I go on and type this:
In [1]: from PIL import Image
And it goes and shows another line like everything was right.
Then, on the next line, I type this:
In [2]: from PIL import ImageTk
And it returns this:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<ipython-input-2-47edf18ebb7f>", line 1, in <module>
from PIL import ImageTk
ImportError: cannot import name ImageTk
Okay, this means I should have a problem with my libraries. No sweat.
A fellow programmer had a similar error here, and:
I am sure there are no typos in my import
Ubuntu reports the python-imaging package as up-to-date:
Ubuntu reports the following on the python-imaging-tk package:
These Bash lines:
python-imaging is already the newest version (3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1).
<more bash lines />
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
python-imaging-tk : Depends: python-imaging (= 1.1.7-4) but 3.1.2-0ubuntu1.1 is to be installed
This is the juiciest part. When I go back to Spyder and type to get the version of PIL.Image, it returns this:
In [3]: Image.VERSION
Out[3]: '1.1.7'
I am at a loss here. Please send help.
Doing a
sudo apt-get install python-imaging=1.1.7-4
and then
sudo apt-get install python-imaging-tk
solved the problem.
It still bothers me why but at least my dependencies are working now.
sudo apt-get install python-imaging-tk
this just solved my problem. This is for python 2.7
Related
when i run command import numpy as np or import scipy as sp, it gives me error like:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#2>", line 1, in <module>
import numpy as np
ImportError: No module named numpy
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#8>", line 1, in <module>
import scipy as sp
ImportError: No module named scipy
(Disclaimer: there are already tons of well established way / tutorials on the internet. I'm merely posting this to hopefully help out quickly)
What you want to achieve
To install a library (e.g. numpy, scipy) locally on a machine (e.g. laptop, server, etc.) and import that library from a Python code.
One of the solutions: Anaconda
One of the popular / quick ways in the Python scientific community is to do this via Anaconda (disclaimer 2: I personally prefer Anaconda due to its ease of enabling me to switch / play with different Python environments). Here is the step by step instructions:
Download and install the Anaconda distribution onto the machine locally.
Create a file environment.yml and store it anywhere you like (e.g. a subdirectory within your home directory). The file looks like this gist file - tweak it to your taste (e.g. choose Python version 2.x vs 3.x, add/remove/edit dependencies, etc.)
Within the same directory where you've created the environment.yml, create a conda environment by: conda env create -f environment.yml. For this particular gist file, it will create a conda environment (called "helloworld") with the specific Python version (2.7) and the anaconda package (which includes the popular numpy and scipy libraries).
Activate the environment (i.e. "go inside that environment") by: source activate helloworld (replace "helloworld" with whatever name you specified in environment.yml).
Now you are in the "helloworld" conda environment, start up a python console: jupyter console.
Now try importing stuff within this console:
Python 2.7.13 |Anaconda 4.4.0 (x86_64)| (default, Dec 20 2016, 23:05:08)
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
IPython 5.3.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help -> Python's own help system.
object? -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.
In [1]: import numpy as np
In [2]: import scipy as sp
In [3]: np.version.version
Out[3]: '1.12.1'
In [4]: sp.version.version
Out[4]: '0.19.0'
(to quit console just do a Ctrl + D to go back to command line)
For step 5 above, also try out:
jupyter notebook
jupyter qtconsole
And play with the python commands.
When you are done with the conda environment, just "deactivate" (i.e. get out of) it by doing this in the command line: source deactivate.
Top tip: don't forget step 4 - this defines which conda environment you are in (i.e. which python version and libraries available etc.). I occasionally ommited step 4 by accident and get that error "no module named numpy", etc.)
See this Anaconda get started guide for more info.
The non Anaconda way
If you would like to avoid Anaconda all together, just simply do this in the command line:
Install the numpy and scipy libraries:
pip install numpy
pip install scipy
Start a Python interpreter:
python
Do the library import stuff within the Python interpreter:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> import scipy as sp
>>> np.version.version
'1.11.3'
>>> sp.version.version
'1.11.3'
Additional alternatives
You could try out the Python VirtualEnv - though I've never really used it since I've started using Anaconda.
I'm trying to build and run py-faster-rcnn model on my Ubuntu 16.04.
However, when I run ./tools/demo.py (as stated in the installation guide), I get the following error:
➜ py-faster-rcnn git:(master) ✗ ./tools/demo.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./tools/demo.py", line 18, in <module>
from fast_rcnn.test import im_detect
File "/home/denis/WEB/DeepLearning/py-faster-rcnn/tools/../lib/fast_rcnn/test.py", line 16, in <module>
import caffe
File "/home/denis/WEB/DeepLearning/py-faster-rcnn/tools/../caffe-fast-rcnn/python/caffe/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from .pycaffe import Net, SGDSolver, NesterovSolver, AdaGradSolver, RMSPropSolver, AdaDeltaSolver, AdamSolver
File "/home/denis/WEB/DeepLearning/py-faster-rcnn/tools/../caffe-fast-rcnn/python/caffe/pycaffe.py", line 13, in <module>
from ._caffe import Net, SGDSolver, NesterovSolver, AdaGradSolver, \
ImportError: No module named _caffe
Before attempting to install py-faster-rcnn, I've installed Caffe in my ~/code/caffe folder and it seems to work fine:
➜ ~ python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Nov 19 2016, 06:48:10)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import caffe
>>> print caffe.__version__
1.0.0-rc3
So, if I can import caffe module in python environment, I assume I've installed it successfully.
Here're the commands I've used (from the official guide):
sudo make all
sudo make test
sudo make runtest
sudo make pycaffe
sudo make distribute
Then I've cloned the py-faster-rcnn repository in my ~/WEB/DeepLearning folder.
After that I've followed the installation instructions from the repo:
Clone the repo
cd $FRCN_ROOT/lib && make
cd $FRCN_ROOT/caffe-fast-rcnn
make -j8 && make pycaffe (I didn't run this)
cd $FRCN_ROOT && ./data/scripts/fetch_faster_rcnn_models.sh
cd $FRCN_ROOT && ./tools/demo.py
So, step 4 in the installation guide says I have to build caffe and pycaffe in $FRCN_ROOT/caffe-fast-rcnn folder. The contents of caffe-fast-rcnn folder seem to be identical with the original caffe repository from which I've built Caffe.
So, it seems that I don't need to build caffe again, right? When trying to run the demo, I've skipped the step of building caffe and got the error stated above.
After googling for a while, I've found out that my issue is connected with path environment variables, so below are my path variables in .bashrc:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64:~/code/caffe/distribute/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/python2.7
export PYTHONPATH=~/code/caffe/python:$PYTHONPATH
Am I doing something wrong and I have to change my path variables somehow?
Or I really need to build caffe again, but in a caffe-fast-rcnn folder?
And what about this distribute folder I've generated in ~/code/caffe/distribute by running sudo make distribute? Is it of any use? If so, how should I use it? The official documentation is not very clear about it.
A simple, clear and detailed explanation on how to use an already built Caffe framework with other projects like Faster-RCNN would be really helpful.
I struggled with this for a while and then got it working as below.
First, check PYTHONPATH env variable. It should have python path like, for eg. based on your python version and installation
PYTHONPATH = /usr/lib/python2.7
If its empty, you can set it with python path captured in your python shell. To check python path information, open python shell and type below
>>import sys
>>for p in sys.path
... print(p)
It will list you all python path info, for eg
...
/usr/lib/python2.7
/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old
/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
...
If you have installed caffe already and want it to configure to be used by python, you just need to update your PYTHONPATH env variable by adding path to your /caffe-installation-path/python folder to it, like
export PYTHONPATH = /home/mypc/caffe-master/python:$PYTHONPATH
Note:- You don't need to rebuild caffe but configure caffe and python in PYTHONPATH env variable correctly.
I had some code that was running just fine, and over the course of the day, I broke something, and now I cannot install any python modules. Specifically, I need numpy, matplotlib, and pillow. I cannot install any of them.
But the weird part is that they both appear to install just fine:
$ sudo pip install numpy
Collecting numpy
Downloading numpy-1.11.0-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (15.3MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 15.3MB 94kB/s
Installing collected packages: numpy
Successfully installed numpy-1.11.0
Or when I try:
$ sudo apt-get install python-numpy
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
python-nose python-numpy-dbg python-numpy-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
python-numpy
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/1,763 kB of archives.
After this operation, 9,598 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Selecting previously unselected package python-numpy.
(Reading database ... 221259 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../python-numpy_1%3a1.11.0-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python-numpy (1:1.11.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Setting up python-numpy (1:1.11.0-1ubuntu1) ...
I am using python 2.7, and I am on Ubuntu 16.04.
$ python
Python 2.7.5 (default, May 12 2016, 13:11:58)
[GCC 5.3.1 20160413] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named numpy
>>>
It does this for any module I try and install. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
This is a result of the default python and the default pip not matching up. To ensure that packages are being installed to the correct location, use:
python -m pip install $PACKAGE
This results in running the pip assigned to the desired python rather than the first one found in your path.
As in the title, my system version is Ubuntu 10.04. The default version of Python is 2.6.5.
When I start python2.6 in command line and
import readline
This works well.
Then I compile the python 2.7.4 (Downloaded from www.python.org/getit). Nightmare began.
Here is how I installed Python 2.7.4:
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
su root
make install
Then tried import readline:
Python 2.7.4 (default, Apr 11 2013, 11:17:09)
[GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import readline
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named readline
Googled, firstly what I did is
sudo apt-get install libreadline5-dev
sudo ldconfig
Reinstall, does not work.
Then tried to install libpython and reinstall python 2.7.4, still does not work.
But the strange thing is that at the last few lines of command "make", the information is like this:
Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:
_bsddb _sqlite3 bsddb185
bz2 dbm gdbm
sunaudiodev
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.
Seems there is no readline, but it just does not work!
BTW, here is another information might help:
/usr/bin/python -c "import readline; print readline.__doc__"
Importing this module enables command line editing using GNU readline.
Anyone can help me for this...
Thank you in advance.
I tried again, installed these packets:
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libreadline5-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev
Then remove everything about python2.7 including in /usr/local/bin, /usr/bin, etc and reinstall.
This time it works...
Ok...Hope this will help people who has the same problem with me.
I'm getting a psycopg2 error after updating to Mac OS X Mountain Lion, previously it was working fine.
This is the error if I try to import the module:
Python 2.7.3 (default, Sep 27 2012, 21:57:16)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple Clang 4.1 ((tags/Apple/clang-421.11.65))] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import psycopg2
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 67, in <module>
from psycopg2._psycopg import BINARY, NUMBER, STRING, DATETIME, ROWID
ImportError: dlopen(/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so, 2): Symbol not found: _GSS_C_NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE
Referenced from: /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so
Expected in: flat namespace
in /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so
I've used brew to install python and psycopg2.
Any idea would be helpful.
Thanks
Alex
Try brewing postgresql too. The error is probably in the way the libpq (the PostgreSQL client-side library, of which psycopg is a wrapper) is linked.
Mixing native and brew app is not that good... I would rather uninstall psycopg2 and python from brew and install the "Command Line Tools", like explained in pip install fails with /usr/bin/clang: No such file or directory. Then retry pip install, it will work, at least it did the job for me !