Regex to check only if the group is present - regex

I have String which may have values like below.
854METHYLDOPA
041ALDOMET /00000101/
133IODETO DE SODIO [I 131]
In this i need to get the text starting from index 4 till we find any one these patterns /00000101/ or [I 131]
Expected Output:
METHYLDOPA
ALDOMET
IODETO DE SODIO
I have tried the below RegEx for the same
(?:^.{3})(.*)(?:[[/][A-Z0-9\s]+[]/\s+])
But this RegEx works if the string contains [/ but it doesn't work for the case1 where these patterns doesn't exist.
I have tried adding ? at the end but it works fore case 1 but doesn't work for case 2 and 3.
Could anyone please help me on getting the regx work?

Your logic is difficult to phrase. My interpretation is that you always want to capture from the 4th character onwards. What else gets captured depends on the remainder of the input. Should either /00000101/ or [I 131] occur, then you want to capture up until that point. Otherwise, you want to capture the entire string. Putting this all together yields this regex:
^.{3}(?:(.*)(?=/00000101/|\[I 131\])|(.*))
Demo

You may try this:
^.{3}(.*?)($|(?:\s*\/00000101\/)|(?:\s*\[I\s+131\])).*$
and replace by this to get the exact output you want.
\1
Regex Demo
Explanation:
^ --> start of a the string
.{3} --> followed by 3 characters
(.*?) --> followed by anything where ? means lazy it will fetch until it finds the following and won't go beyond that. It also captures it as
group 1 --> \1
($|(?:\s*\/00000101\/)|(?:\s*\[I\s+131\])) ---------->
$ --> ends with $ which means there is there is not such pattern that
you have mentioned
| or
(?:\s*\/00000101\/) -->another pattern of yours improvised with \s* to cover zero or more blank space.
| or
(?:\s*\[I\s+131\]) --> another pattern of yours with improvised \s+
which means 1 or more spaces. ?: indicates that we will not capture
it.
.*$ --> .* is just to match anything that follows and $
declares the end of string.
so we end up only capturing group 1 and nothing else which ensures to
replace everything by group1 which is your target output.

You could get the values you are looking for in group 1:
^.{3}(.+?)(?=$| ?\[I 131\]| ?\/00000101\/)
Explanation
From the beginning of the string ^
Match the first 3 characters .{3}
Match in a capturing group (where your values will be) any character one or more times non greedy (.+?)
A positive lookahead (?=
To assert what follow is either the end of the string $
or |
an optional space ? followed by [I 131] \[I 131\]
or |
an optional space ? followed by /00000101/ \/00000101\/
If your regex engine supports \K, you could try it like this and the values you are looking for are not in a group but the full match:
^.{3}\K.+?(?=$| ?\[I 131\]| ?\/00000101\/)

Related

replaceAll regex to remove last - from the output

I was able to achieve some of the output but not the right one. I am using replace all regex and below is the sample code.
final String label = "abcs-xyzed-abc-nyd-request-xyxpt--1-cnaq9";
System.out.println(label.replaceAll(
"([^-]+)-([^-]+)-(.+)-([^-]+)-([^-]+)", "$3"));
i want this output:
abc-nyd-request-xyxpt
but getting:
abc-nyd-request-xyxpt-
here is the code https://ideone.com/UKnepg
You may use this .replaceFirst solution:
String label = "abcs-xyzed-abc-nyd-request-xyxpt--1-cnaq9";
label.replaceFirst("(?:[^-]*-){2}(.+?)(?:--1)?-[^-]+$", "$1");
//=> "abc-nyd-request-xyxpt"
RegEx Demo
RegEx Details:
(?:[^-]+-){2}: Match 2 repetitions of non-hyphenated string followed by a hyphen
(.+?): Match 1+ of any characters and capture in group #1
(?:--1)?: Match optional --1
-: Match a -
[^-]+: Match a non-hyphenated string
$: End
The following works for your example case
([^-]+)-([^-]+)-(.+[^-])-+([^-]+)-([^-]+)
https://regex101.com/r/VNtryN/1
We don't want to capture any trailing - while allowing the trailing dashes to have more than a single one which makes it match the double --.
With your shown samples and attempts, please try following regex. This is going to create 1 capturing group which can be used in replacement. Do replacement like: $1in your function.
^(?:.*?-){2}([^-]*(?:-[^-]*){3})--.*
Here is the Online demo for above regex.
Explanation: Adding detailed explanation for above regex.
^(?:.*?-){2} ##Matching from starting of value in a non-capturing group where using lazy match to match very near occurrence of - and matching 2 occurrences of it.
([^-]*(?:-[^-]*){3}) ##Creating 1st and only capturing group and matching everything before - followed by - followed by everything just before - and this combination 3 times to get required output.
--.* ##Matching -- to all values till last.

Regular expression with multiline matching (subtitles strings)

Need some help in regexp matching pattern.
The text goes like here (it's subtitles for video)
...
223
00:20:47,920 --> 00:20:57,520
- Hello! This is good subtitle text.
- Yes! How are you, stackoverflow?
224
00:20:57,520 --> 00:21:11,120
Wow, seems amazing.
- We're good, thanks.
Like, you know, everyone is happy around here with their laptops.
225
00:21:11,120 --> 00:21:14,440
- Understood. Some dumb text
...
I need a set of groups:
startTime, endTime, text
For now my achievements are not very good. I can get startTime, endTime and some text, but not all the text, only the last sentence. I've attached a screenshot.
As you can see, group 3 is capturing text, but only last sentence.
Please, explain me what I'm doing wrong.
Thank you.
Accounting for the possibility there is no new-line character after the final text of your string; Would the following work for you:
(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d)[ >-]*?((?1))\n(.*?(?=\n\n|\Z))
See the online demo
(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d) - The same pattern as you used to capture starting time in 1st capture group.
[ >-]*? - 0+ (but lazy) character from the character class up to:
((?1)) - A 2nd capture group which matches the same pattern as 1st group.
\n - A newline-character.
(.*?(?=\n\n|\Z)) - A 3rd capture group that captures anything (including newline with the s-flag) up to a positive lookahead for either two newline characters or the end of the whole string.
Note, some (not all) engines allow for backreferencing a previous subpattern. I guess the app you are using does not. Therefor you can swap the (?1) with your own pattern to capture the 2nd group.
Another option is to use a pattern that would capture all lines in group 3 that do not start with 3 digits.
(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d) --> (\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d)((?:\r?\n(?!\d\d\d\b).*)*)
Explanation
(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d) Capture group 1 Match a time like pattern
--> Match literally
(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d) Capture group 2 Same pattern as group 1
( Capture group 3
(?: Non capture group
\r?\n(?!\d\d\d\b).* Match a newline and assert using a negative lookahead that the line does not start with 3 digits followed by word boundary. If that is the case, match the whole line
)* Optionally repeat all lines
) Close group 3
Regex demo
A bitmore specific pattern could be matching all lines that do not start with 3 digits or a start/end time like pattern.
^(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d)[^\S\r\n]+-->[^\S\r\n]+(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d)((?:\r?\n(?!\d+$|\d\d:\d\d:\d\d,\d\d\d\b).*)*)
Regex demo

Is there a regex for adding the first 4 characters to end of string and the last 4 characters to start of string?

I have some lines which I need to alter. They are protein sequences. How would I copy the first 4 characters of the line to the end of the line, and also copy the last 4 characters to the beginning of the line?
The strings are variable which complicates it, for example:
>X
LTGLGIGTGMAATIINAISVGLSAATILSLISGVASGGAWVLAGAKQALKEGGKKAGIAF
>Y
LVATGMAAGVAKTIVNAVSAGMDIATALSLFSGAFTAAGGIMALIKKYAQKKLWKQLIAA
Moreover, how could I exclude lines with a '>' at the beginning (these are names of the corresponding sequence)?
Does anyone know a regex which will allow this to work?
I've already tried some regex solutions but I'm not very experienced with this sort of thing and I can find the end string but can't get it to replace:
Find:
(...)$
Replace:
^$2$1"
An example of what I want to achieve is:
>1
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
becomes:
>1
WXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCD
Thanks
Try doing a find, in regex mode, on the following pattern:
^([A-Z]{4}).*([A-Z]{4})$
Then replace with the first four and last four characters swapped:
$2$0$1
Demo
You can use the regex below.
^(([A-Z]{4})([A-Z]*)([A-Z]{4}))$
^ asserts the position at the start of the line, so nothing can come before it.
( is the start of a capture group, this is group 1.
( is the start of a capture group, this is group 2. This group is inside group 1.
[A-Z]{4} means exactly 4 capital characters from A to Z.
) is the end of capture group 2.
( is the start of a capture group, this is group 3.
[A-Z]* matches capital characters from A to Z between zero and infinite times.
) is the end of capture group 3.
( is the start of a capture group, this is group 4.
[A-Z]{4} means exactly 4 capital characters from A to Z.
) is the end of capture group 4.
$ asserts the position at the end of the line, so nothing can come after it.
See how it works with a replace here: https://regex101.com/r/W786uL/3.
$4$1$2
$4 means put capture group 4 here. Which is the last 4 characters.
$1 means put capture group 1 here. Which is everything in the entire string.
$2 means put capture group 2 here. Which is the first 4 characters.
You can use
^(.{4})(.*?)(.{4})$
^ - start of sting
(.{4}) - Match any for characters except new line
(.*?) - Match any character zero or more time (lazy mode)
$ - End of string
Demo

How to optionally match a group?

I have two possible patterns:
1.2 hello
1.2.3 hello
I would like to match 1, 2 and 3 if the latter exists.
Optional items seem to be the way to go, but my pattern (\d)\.(\d)?(\.(\d)).hello matches only 1.2.3 hello (almost perfectly: I get four groups but the first, second and fourth contain what I want) - the first test sting is not matched at all.
What would be the right match pattern?
Your pattern contains (\d)\.(\d)?(\.(\d)) part that matches a digit, then a ., then an optional digit (it may be 1 or 0) and then a . + a digit. Thus, it can match 1..2 hello, but not 1.2 hello.
You may make the third group non-capturing and make it optional:
(\d)\.(\d)(?:\.(\d))?\s*hello
^^^ ^^
See the regex demo
If your regex engine does not allow non-capturing groups, use a capturing one, just you will have to grab the value from Group 4:
(\d)\.(\d)(\.(\d))?\s*hello
See this regex.
Note that I replaced . before hello with \s* to match zero or more whitespaces.
Note also that if you need to match these numbers at the start of a line, you might consider pre-pending the pattern with ^ (and depending on your regex engine/tool, the m modifier).

R- regex extracting a string between a dash and a period

First of all I apologize if this question is too naive or has been repeated earlier. I tried to find it in the forum but I'm posting it as a question because I failed to find an answer.
I have a data frame with column names as follows;
head(rownames(u))
[1] "A17-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240" "A18-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240" "B19-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240"
[4] "B20-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240" "A21-R-Transgenic-C-3.AT2G41240" "A22-R-Transgenic-C-3.AT2G41240"
What I want is to use regex in R to extract the string in between the first dash and the last period.
Anticipated results are,
[1] "R-Null-C-3" "R-Null-C-3" "R-Null-C-3"
[4] "R-Null-C-3" "R-Transgenic-C-3" "R-Transgenic-C-3"
I tried following with no luck...
gsub("^[^-]*-|.+\\.","\\2", rownames(u))
gsub("^.+-","", rownames(u))
sub("^[^-]*.|\\..","", rownames(u))
Would someone be able to help me with this problem?
Thanks a lot in advance.
Shani.
Here is a solution to be used with gsub:
v <- c("A17-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240", "A18-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240", "B19-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240", "B20-R-Null-C-3.AT2G41240", "A21-R-Transgenic-C-3.AT2G41240", "A22-R-Transgenic-C-3.AT2G41240")
gsub("^[^-]*-([^.]+).*", "\\1", v)
See IDEONE demo
The regex matches:
^[^-]* - zero or more characters other than -
- - a hyphen
([^.]+) - Group 1 matching and capturing one or more characters other than a dot
.* - any characters (even including a newline since perl=T is not used), any number of occurrences up to the end of the string.
This can easily be achieved with the following regex:
-([^.]+)
# look for a dash
# then match everything that is not a dot
# and save it to the first group
See a demo on regex101.com. Outputs are:
R-Null-C-3
R-Null-C-3
R-Null-C-3
R-Null-C-3
R-Transgenic-C-3
R-Transgenic-C-3
Regex
-([^.]+)\\.
Description
- matches the character - literally
1st Capturing group ([^\\.]+)
[^\.]+ match a single character not present in the list below
Quantifier: + Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed [greedy]
. matches the character . literally
\\. matches the character . literally
Debuggex Demo
Output
MATCH 1
1. [4-14] `R-Null-C-3`
MATCH 2
1. [29-39] `R-Null-C-3`
MATCH 3
1. [54-64] `R-Null-C-3`
MATCH 4
1. [85-95] `R-Null-C-3`
MATCH 5
1. [110-126] `R-Transgenic-C-3`
MATCH 6
1. [141-157] `R-Transgenic-C-3`
This seems an appropriate case for lookarounds:
library(stringr)
str_extract(v, '(?<=-).*(?=\\.)')
where
(?<= ... ) is a positive lookbehind, i.e. it looks for a - immediately before the next captured group;
.* is any character . repeated 0 or more times *;
(?= ... ) is a positive lookahead, i.e. it looks for a period (escaped as \\.) following what is actually captured.
I used stringr::str_extract above because it's more direct in terms of what you're trying to do. It is possible to do the same thing with sub (or gsub), but the regex has to be uglier:
sub('.*?(?<=-)(.*)(?=\\.).*', '\\1', v, perl = TRUE)
.*? looks for any character . from 0 to as few as possible times *? (lazy evaluation);
the lookbehind (?<=-) is the same as above;
now the part we want .* is put in a captured group (...), which we'll need later;
the lookahead (?=\\.) is the same;
.* captures any character, repeated 0 to as many as possible times (here the end of the string).
The replacement is \\1, which refers to the first captured group from the pattern regex.