what does a "2" refers in SSD gp2 AWS storage?
I am refering to General Purpose(GP) Solid State Disk(SSD) in AWS,but why a "2" in gp2.I understand EC2 stands for Elastic Cloud Compute, but in GP2 there are no two P's.
It's just a name. Don't get too hung-up on it.
Yes, while the numbers in EC2 and S3 are due to duplicated letters (Elastic Compute Cloud, Simple Storage Service), the EBS volume types are generational names, like the EC2 instance types (eg t1, m4, c5).
The EBS volumes types are:
General Purpose SSD (gp2)
Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1)
Throughput Optimized HDD (st1)
Cold HDD (sc1)
Magnetic (standard)
Related
I am new to Aws, recently I checked my Compute Optimizer
found the following:
"Compute Optimizer found that this instance's EBS throughput is under-provisioned."
EBS read bandwidth (MiB/second)
EBS write bandwidth (MiB/second)
both Under-provisioned from AWS Compute Optimizer.
I am not so sure how to increase, AWS Compute Optimizer showed few different instance type to switch from, but there is no information about the EBS read and write bandwidth.
There is a tab for instance and Attached EBS volumes. So should I update the instance with the recommend one or update the EBS volumes, which one will increase the EBS read/write bandwidth?
any help would be much appreciated.
I am using "m5d.8xlarge" ec2 instance, which comes ready with 2*600G SSD Volumes, directly attached. They are appearing on the OS, however no mention on the console, as I can't retrieve any info about them.
And it is showing as well the serial of the volumes as AWS-*** not as normal EBS volumes vol***.
I read that these are ephemeral or something; I want to have any AWS official docs that thoroughly explain how this local storage works, as we are hosting prod workload on it, appreciate if someone can explain or provide docs.
"m5d.8xlarge" ec2 instances comes with 2 ephimeral storage which are instance store volume.
Instance store volumes (docs) are directly attached to underlying hardware to reduce latency and increase IOPS and data throughput.
However there is a caveat, if you ec2 instance is terminated,stops, hibernated or stopped or underlying hardware gets shutdown due to some glitch all the data stored on on these ephemeral storage will be lost.
Generally instance store volumes are used for buffer,cache.
In order to confirm you can follow this https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/ec2-linux-instance-store-volumes/ :-
ssh into ec2 instance
install nvme-cli tool -> sudo yum instal nvme-cli
sudo nvme list - to list all instance store volumes
if you want data to persist you should go for EBS or EFS
EBS docs, EFS docs
In short If you want to access data with super low latency and you can afford to loose data go for instance store but if it is business critical data for example database workload go for EBS, YOu can still achieve very high IOPS and throughput using IO1,IO2 volume types or if you have a want to go even further use nitro ec2 instance type which gives maximum 64000 IOPS.
Play with EBS volume types to increase IOPS and throughput https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-volume-types.html
I've only just starting using ecs and it seems like ebs is sky rocking.I wanna stay within the free tier without worrying about this My question is how do i lower ebs?
I'm using terraform ecs module. I changed the root_block_device_size to 10
module "ecs_cluster" {
cluster_instance_root_block_device_size = 10
}
This is the library I'm using Ecs module link(Terraform)
It mentions this
cluster_instance_root_block_device_size number
Description: The size in GB of the root block device on cluster instances.
Default: 30
cluster_instance_root_block_device_type string
Description: The type of the root block device on cluster instances ('standard', 'gp2', or 'io1').
Default: "standard"
For my ecs i have changed the block device size to 10 not sure if i should mess around with gp2 or io1 to lower it
Thanks!
Update using this https://aws.amazon.com/ebs/pricing/ and by
putting my configuration and it seems like gp3 and lowering the gigabytes does lower the price....However it seems like doing 10gb cannot be initialized with Terraform so i started deploying it with 30gb and lowered it to 10gb and it seemed to have worked...
That screenshot is for I/Os. Those are reads/writes to the disk volume(s). That's not related to the size of the volumes. Changing it from 30GB to 10GB is not going to impact the I/Os metric at all.
I/Os are only charged on magnetic EBS volume types. If you switched to an SSD based EBS volume type, like gp2, you would not be charged for the I/Os.
The AWS Free Tier includes "30 GB of Amazon EBS: any combination of General Purpose (SSD) or Magnetic". So you could have up to 30GB of free gp2 volumes, which would be much faster than the standard magnetic volumes you are using now, and you would also not be charged for I/Os on those volumes.
AWS launched sc1 and st1 HDD EBS volume types recently, I can't seem to use these as root volumes while launching new EC2 instances or launching from already created AMI's (tried both).
I chose an m4 machine, in any case, the root volume is EBS itself, below is a screenshot, the second volume that I add gets the new options, however the first one I can't choose the same. Is this by design AWS people?
If you look from http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/EBSVolumeTypes.html
under the main table for volume type as Throughput Optimized HDD (st1) and Cold HDD (sc1) it says
Cannot be a boot volume
and below
Throughput Optimized HDD (st1) volumes provide low-cost magnetic
storage that defines performance in terms of throughput rather than
IOPS. This volume type is a good fit for large, sequential workloads
such as Amazon EMR, ETL, data warehouses, and log processing. Bootable
st1 volumes are not supported.
and
Cold HDD (sc1) volumes provide low-cost magnetic storage that defines
performance in terms of throughput rather than IOPS. With a lower
throughput limit than st1, sc1 is a good fit ideal for large,
sequential cold-data workloads. If you require infrequent access to
your data and are looking to save costs, sc1 provides inexpensive
block storage. Bootable sc1 volumes are not supported.
Because the customer experience would be awful. Boot volumes use small, random I/O; these volumes aren't designed for small I/O. Just use GP2 for boot volumes.
I am trying to understand the fundamental differences between several different types of storage available on AWS, specifically:
SSD
Magnetic
"Provisioned IOPS"
Snapshot storage
I am stunned to find no clear definition of each of these in the AWS docs, so I ask: How are these storage types different, and what use cases/scenarios are appropriate for each?
You're referring to Elastic Block Store (EBS). EBS provides persistent block level storage volumes for Amazon EC2 instances. EBS volumes come in 3 types:
Provisioned IOPS (SSD)
General Purpose (SSD)
Magnetic
Each type has different performance characteristics and costs. See EBS volume types for more details. The list above is ordered from high to low, by both price and by potential IOPS.
EBS snapshots are something else entirely. All EBS volumes, regardless of volume type, can be snapshotted and durably stored.
Instance storage options:
Magnetic - Slowest/cheapest magnetic disk backed storage
SSD - Faster/more expensive solid state backed storage
"Provisioned IOPS" - FastEST/most expensive but guaranteed (at the physical level) speed of input/output operations per second.
from Google:
IOPS (Input/Output Operations Per Second, pronounced eye-ops) is a common performance measurement used to benchmark computer storage devices like hard disk drives (HDD), solid state drives (SSD), and storage area networks (SAN).
This link has more fine grained details on SSD/Magnetic disk comparisons, granted it seems geared towards databases.
Snapshots are backups and are entirely separate from AWS 'hard drive' offerings.