RegEx to find any uppercase word followed by a colon - regex

I need a RegEx to match an uppercase string ending with a colon. The string can contain spaces, numbers and periods. So that if:
mystring = "I have a C. GRAY CAT2:"
I want the coldfusion expression
REFind("[A-Z0-9. ][:]",mystring)
to return the number 9, matching "C. GRAY CAT2:". Instead, it is returning the number 21, matching only the colon. I hope that a correction of the regex will solve the problem. Of course I have tried many, many things.
Thank you!

I suggest using
[A-Z0-9][A-Z0-9. ]*:
See the regex demo
Details
[A-Z0-9] - an uppercase letter or digit (in case the first char can be a digit, else remove 0-9)
[A-Z0-9. ]* - zero or more uppercase letters/digits, . or space
: - a colon.
Variations
To avoid matching 345: like substrings but still allow 23 VAL: like ones, use
\b(?=[0-9. ]*[A-Z])[A-Z0-9][A-Z0-9. ]*:
See this regex demo. Here, \b(?=[0-9. ]*[A-Z]) matches a word boundary first, and then the positive lookahead (?=[0-9. ]*[A-Z]) makes sure there is an uppercase letter after 0+ digits, spaces or dots.
If you do not expect numbers at the start of the sequence, i.e. out of I have a 22 C. GRAY CAT2:, you need to extract C. GRAY CAT2, use Sebastian's suggestion (demo).

Have revised the selected answer to my own question to cover the German special characters.
[A-Z][A-Z0-9.ÜÄÖß ]*:
This appears to work, however the Germans have recently added a capital ß to their alphabet, which is surely not on most keyboards yet, and therefore will not be a problem for the RegEx for a while.

Related

Regular Expressions - A word with only one capitalized letter and which doesn't contain numbers

I am new to RegExp. I have a sentence and I would like to pull out a word which satisfies the following -
It must contain only one capitalized letter
It must consist of only characters/letters without numbers
For instance -
"appLe", "warDrobe", "hUsh"
The words that do not fit - "sf_dsfsdF", "331ffsF", "Leopard1997", "mister_Ram" et cetera.
How would you resolve this problem?
The following regex should work:
will find words that have only one capital letter
will only find words with letters (no numbers or special characters)
will match the entire word
\b(?=[A-Z])[A-Z][a-z]*\b|\b(?=[a-z])[a-z]+[A-Z][a-z]*\b
Matches:
appLe
hUsh
Harry
suSan
I
Rejects
HarrY - has TWO capital letters
warDrobeD - has TWO capital letters
sf_dsfsdF - has SPECIAL characters
331ffsF - has NUMBERS
Leopd1997 - has NUMBERS
mistram - does not have a CAPITAL LETTER
See it in action here
Note:
If the capital letter is OPTIONAL- then you will need to add a ? after each [A-Z] like this:
\b(?=[A-Z])[A-Z]?[a-z]*\b|\b(?=[a-z])[a-z]+[A-Z]?[a-z]*\b
You can do this by using character sets ([a-z] & [A-Z]) with appropriate quantifiers (use ? for one or zero capitals), wrapped in () to capture, surrounded by word breaks \b.
If the capital is optional and can appear anywhere use:
/\b([a-z]*[A-Z]?[a-z]*)\b/ //will still match empty string check for length
If you always want one capital appearing anywhere use:
/\b([a-z]*[A-Z][a-z]*)\b/ // does not match empty string
If you always want one capital that must not be the first or last character use:
/\b([a-z]+[A-Z][a-z]+)\b/ // does not match empty string
Here is a working snippet demonstrating the second regex from above in JavaScript:
const exp = /\b([a-z]*[A-Z][a-z]*)\b/
const strings = ["appLe", "warDrobe", "hUsh", "sf_dsfsdF", "331ffsF", "Leopard1997", "mister_Ram", ""];
for (const str of strings) {
console.log(str, exp.test(str))
}
Regex101 is great for dev & testing!
RegExp:
/\b[a-z\-]*[A-Z][a-z\-]*\b/g
Demo:
RegEx101
Explanation
Segment
Description
\b[a-z\-]*
Find a point where a non-word is adjacent to a word ([A-Za-z0-9\-] or \w), then match zero or more lowercase letters and hyphens (note, the hyphen needs to be escaped (\-))
[A-Z]
Find a single uppercase letter
[a-z\-]*\b
Match zero or more lowercase letters and hyphens, then find a point where a non-word is adjacent to a word

REGEX to find the first one or two capitalized words in a string

I am looking for a REGEX to find the first one or two capitalized words in a string. If the first two words is capitalized I want the first two words. A hyphen should be considered part of a word.
for Madonna has a new album I'm looking for madonna
for Paul Young has no new album I'm looking for Paul Young
for Emmerson Lake-palmer is not here I'm looking for Emmerson Lake-palmer
I have been using ^[A-Z]+.*?\b( [A-Z]+.*?\b){0,1} which does great on the first two, but for the 3rd example I get Emmerson Lake, instead of Emmerson Lake-palmer.
What REGEX can I use to find the first one or two capitalized words in the above examples?
You may use
^[A-Z][-a-zA-Z]*(?:\s+[A-Z][-a-zA-Z]*)?
See the regex demo
Basically, use a character class [-a-zA-Z]* instead of a dot matching pattern to only match letters and a hyphen.
Details
^ - start of string
[A-Z] - an uppercase ASCII letter
[-a-zA-Z]* - zero or more ASCII letters / hyphens
(?:\s+[A-Z][-a-zA-Z]*)? - an optional (1 or 0 due to ? quantifier) sequence of:
\s+ - 1+ whitespace
[A-Z] - an uppercase ASCII letter
[-a-zA-Z]* - zero or more ASCII letters / hyphens
A Unicode aware equivalent (for the regex flavors supporting Unicode property classes):
^\p{Lu}[-\p{L}]*(?:\s+\p{Lu}[-\p{L}]*)?
where \p{L} matches any letter and \p{Lu} matches any uppercase letter.
This is probably simpler:
^([A-Z][-A-Za-z]+)(\s[A-Z][-A-Za-z]+)?
Replace + with * if you expect single-letter words.
If u need a Full name only (a two words with the first capitalize letters), this is a simple example:
^([A-Z][a-z]*)(\s)([A-Z][a-z]+)$
Try it. Enjoy!

RegEx - 1 to 10 Alphanumeric Spaces Okay

New to Regular Expressions. Thanks in advance!
Need to validate field is 1-10 mixed-case alphanumeric and spaces are allowed. First character must be alphanumeric, not space.
Good Examples:
"Larry King"
"L King1"
"1larryking"
"L"
Bad Example:
" LarryKing"
This is what I have and it does work as long as the data is exactly 10 characters. The problem is that it does not allow less than 10 characters.
[0-9a-zA-Z][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ][0-9a-zA-Z ]
I've read and tried many different things but am just not getting it.
Thank you,
Justin
I don't know what environment you are using and what engine. So I assume PCRE (typically for PHP)
this small regex does exact what you want: ^(?i)(?!\s)[a-z\d ]{1,10}$
What's going on?!
the ^ marks the start of the string (delete it, if the expression must not match the whole string)
the (?i) tells the engine to be case insensitive, so there's no need to write all letter lower and upper case in the expression later
the (?!\s) ensures the following char won't be a white space (\s) (it's a so called negative lookahead)
the [a-z\d ]{1,10} matches any letter (a-z), any digit (\d) and spaces () in a row with min 1 and max 10 occurances ({1,10})
the $ at the end marks the end of the string (delete it, if the expression must not match the whole string)
Here's also a small visualization for better understanding.
Debuggex Demo
Try this: [0-9a-zA-Z][0-9a-zA-Z ]{0,9}
The {x,y} syntax means between x and y times inclusive. {x,} means at least x times.
You want something like this.
[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9 ]{0,9}
This first part ensures that it is alphanumeric. The second part gets your alphanumeric with a space. the {0,9} allows from anywhere from 0 to 9 occurrences of the second part. This will give your 1-10
Try this: ^[(^\s)a-zA-Z0-9][a-z0-9A-Z ]*
Not a space and alphanumeric for the first character, and then zero or more alphanumeric characters. It won't cap at 10 characters but it will work for any set of 1-10 characters.
The below is probably most semantically correct:
(?=^[0-9a-zA-Z])(?=.*[0-9a-zA-Z]$)^[0-9a-zA-Z ]{1,10}$
It asserts that the first and last characters are alphanumeric and that the entire string is 1 to 10 characters in length (including spaces).
I assume that the space is not allowed at the end too.
^[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9 ]{0,8}[a-zA-Z0-9])?$
or with posix character classes:
^[[:alnum:]](?:[[:alnum:] ]{0,8}[[:alnum:]])?$
i think the simplest way is to go with \w[\s\w]{0,9}
Note that \w is for [A-Za-z0-9_] so replace it by [A-Za-z0-9] if you don't want _
Note that \s is for any white char so replace it by if you don't want the others

regex: find one-digit number

I need to find the text of all the one-digit number.
My code:
$string = 'text 4 78 text 558 my.name#gmail.com 5 text 78998 text';
$pattern = '/ [\d]{1} /';
(result: 4 and 5)
Everything works perfectly, just wanted to ask it is correct to use spaces?
Maybe there is some other way to distinguish one-digit number.
Thanks
First of all, [\d]{1} is equivalent to \d.
As for your question, it would be better to use a zero width assertion like a lookbehind/lookahead or word boundary (\b). Otherwise you will not match consecutive single digits because the leading space of the second digit will be matched as the trailing space of the first digit (and overlapping matches won't be found).
Here is how I would write this:
(?<!\S)\d(?!\S)
This means "match a digit only if there is not a non-whitespace character before it, and there is not a non-whitespace character after it".
I used the double negative like (?!\S) instead of (?=\s) so that you will also match single digits that are at the beginning or end of the string.
I prefer this over \b\d\b for your example because it looks like you really only want to match when the digit is surrounded by spaces, and \b\d\b would match the 4 and the 5 in a string like 192.168.4.5
To allow punctuation at the end, you could use the following:
(?<!\S)\d(?![^\s.,?!])
Add any additional punctuation characters that you want to allow after the digit to the character class (inside of the square brackets, but make sure it is after the ^).
Use word boundaries. Note that the range quantifier {1} (a single \d will only match one digit) and the character class [] is redundant because it only consists of one character.
\b\d\b
Search around word boundaries:
\b\d\b
As explained by the others, this will extract single digits meaning that some special characters might not be respected like "." in an ip address. To address that, see F.J and Mike Brant's answer(s).
It really depends on where the numbers can appear and whether you care if they are adjacent to other characters (like . at the end of a sentence). At the very least, I would use word boundaries so that you can get numbers at the beginning and end of the input string:
$pattern = '/\b\d\b/';
But you might consider punctuation at the end like:
$pattern = '/\b\d(\b|\.|\?|\!)/';
If one-digit numbers can be preceded or followed by characters other than digits (e.g., "a1 cat" or "Call agent 7, pronto!") use
(?<!\d)\d(?!\d)
Demo
The regular expression reads, match a digit (\d) that is neither preceded nor followed by digit, (?<!\d) being a negative lookbehind and (?!\d) being a negative lookahead.

Regex for words with no doubled characters and within a string length

Every time I need to use a regex I realize I've forgotten everything about them.
I am trying to match all words that have only lowercase alphanumeric characters AND do not have doubled alphanumeric characters AND are also within {10,12} characters long.
Now, to figure out if a character is followed by the same character, I would do (.)\1. To see if a word is within 10 and 12 characters I do {10,12}. To grab only lowercase letters and the digits, I do [0-9a-z].
But how do I link them together?
Cheers!
PS: this will be running on a fairly large NLP xml (100mb+), so I would appreciate it if the regex wasn't the slowest alternative.
I think this will do what you want: -
/\b(?:([a-z0-9])(?!\1)){10,12}\b/
Explanation: -
\b // Word boundary
(?:
([a-z0-9]) // Match lowercase letters or digit
(?!\1) // Not followed by the same digit as before
){10,12} // 10 to 12 times.
\b // Word boundary
Here's one, although I'm not sure there won't be a better way...
/\b(?:([a-z0-9])(?!\1)){10,12}\b/
Here is my attempt:
(\b(?![0-9a-z]*([0-9a-z])\2)[0-9a-z]{10,12}\b)
(We have to use a lookahead, and some kind of boundary is usually very important for it to function properly. Hence \b).
At the time of writing, another answer has a false positive, matching a part of eoeuaoarounn