I am trying to just render a triangle in one file so I can understand how openGL works so I can use that as an example when creating an engine. The program worked correctly before I created the shaders and the VAO stuff. The exception said: "Access violation at memory location: 0x000000" when the glDrawArrays() function was called. My guess is that i messed up the VAO. It could be the shader too. Thanks in advance for your time!
here is my code
#include <GL\glew.h>
#include <GLFW\glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
const std::string FILENAME = "src\\shaders\\basic";
static void error_callback(int error, const char* description);
static void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods);
static void resize_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
static std::string LoadShader(const std::string& filename);
static void CheckShaderError(GLuint shader, GLuint flag, bool isProgram, const std::string& errorMessage);
static GLuint CreateShader(const std::string& text, GLenum shaderType);
int main()
{
//Initalize GLFW
if (!glfwInit())
{
//TODO: Failed to initialize GLFW
}
//Create window and store it to a handler
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(1024, 768, "GL Noob Project", NULL, NULL);
if (!window)
{
//TODO: Failed to create window
}
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window); //Set the OpenGL context to our window
glfwSwapInterval(1); //Set the buffer swap interval to 1
//Initialize GLEW
if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK) {
//TODO Failed to initialize glew
}
//Set callbacks
glfwSetErrorCallback(error_callback);
glfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, resize_callback);
//Shaders
GLuint program;
GLuint v_shader;
GLuint f_shader;
program = glCreateProgram();
v_shader = CreateShader(LoadShader(FILENAME + ".vs"), GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
f_shader = CreateShader(LoadShader(FILENAME + ".fs"), GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glBindAttribLocation(program, 0, "position");
glAttachShader(program, v_shader);
glAttachShader(program, f_shader);
glLinkProgram(program);
CheckShaderError(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, true, "Shader Error");
glValidateProgram(program);
CheckShaderError(program, GL_VALIDATE_STATUS, true, "Shader Error");
glUseProgram(program);
//CREATE VAO
static const GLfloat data[] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0 };
GLuint vao;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
glBindVertexArray(vao);
GLuint vbo;
glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(data), data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, sizeof(data), GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) //While there is no close flag
{
//DRAW
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glBindVertexArray(vao);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glBindVertexArray(0);
glfwSwapBuffers(window); //Swap front and back buffer
glfwPollEvents(); //Get events
}
glDetachShader(program, v_shader);
glDeleteShader(v_shader);
glDetachShader(program, f_shader);
glDeleteShader(f_shader);
glDeleteProgram(program);
glfwDestroyWindow(window); //Destroy window
glfwTerminate(); //Terminate GLFW
return 0;
}
//CALLBACK FUNCTIONS
//Error callback
static void error_callback(int error, const char* description) {
std::cerr << "Error: " << description << std::endl;
}
//Key callback
static void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods)
{
if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW_PRESS)
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GLFW_TRUE);
}
static void resize_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}
//SHADER FUNCTIONS
static std::string LoadShader(const std::string& filename) {
std::ifstream file;
file.open(filename.c_str());
std::string output;
std::string line;
if (file.is_open())
{
while (file.good())
{
getline(file, line);
output.append(line + "\n");
}
}
else {
std::cerr << "Unable to load shader from file: "<< filename << std::endl;
}
return output;
}
static void CheckShaderError(GLuint shader, GLuint flag, bool isProgram, const std::string& errorMessage)
{
GLint success = 0;
GLchar error[1024] = { 0 };
if (isProgram)
glGetProgramiv(shader, flag, &success);
else
glGetShaderiv(shader, flag, &success);
if (success == GL_FALSE)
{
if (isProgram)
glGetProgramInfoLog(shader, sizeof(error), NULL, error);
else
glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, sizeof(error), NULL, error);
std::cerr << errorMessage << ": " << error << std::endl;
}
}
static GLuint CreateShader(const std::string& text, GLenum shaderType)
{
GLuint shader = glCreateShader(shaderType);
if (shader == 0) std::cerr << "Error: shader creation failed" << std::endl;
const GLchar* shaderSourceString = text.c_str();
const GLint shaderSourceStringLength = text.length();
glShaderSource(shader, 1, &shaderSourceString, &shaderSourceStringLength);
glCompileShader(shader);
CheckShaderError(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, false, "Error: shader compilation Failed");
return shader;
}
here are the shader files (My guess is that i have propably messed up something here)
Vertex Shader:
#version 330 core
layout(location = 0) in vec3 position;
void main()
{
gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0);
}
Fragment Shader:
#version 330 core
out vec4 color;
void main() {
color = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
}
Related
I'm following along with The Cherno's OpenGl tutorial on youtube and learned about shaders and watched and wrote the implementation in c++, but the first vertex for rendering a triangle appears at (0.0f, 0.0f) instead of the specified coordinates, which are (-0.5f, 0.5f) and i have no idea why. I thought that it didn't look right because i didn't write a shader to tell the computer how to handle the vertex data (which are just the coordinates right now). This is a photo of what the triangle looks like:
I'm using GLFW 4.6.0 - Build 31.0.101.2111. This the code that is being run:
#include <iostream>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
static unsigned int CompileShader(unsigned int type, const std::string& source) {
unsigned int id = glCreateShader(type);
const char* src = source.c_str();
glShaderSource(id, 1, &src, nullptr);
glCompileShader(id);
int result;
glGetShaderiv(id, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &result);
if (!result) {
int length;
glGetShaderiv(id, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &length);
char* message = (char*) alloca(length * sizeof(char));
glGetShaderInfoLog(id, length, &length, message);
std::cerr << "Failed to compile " <<
(type == GL_VERTEX_SHADER ? "vertex" : type == GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER ? "fragment" : "")
<< " shader!" << '\n';
std::cerr << message << '\n';
glDeleteShader(id);
return 0;
}
return id;
}
static unsigned int CreateShader(const std::string& vertexShader, const std::string& fragmentShader) {
unsigned int program = glCreateProgram();
unsigned int vs = CompileShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexShader);
unsigned int fs = CompileShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentShader);
glAttachShader(program, vs);
glAttachShader(program, fs);
glLinkProgram(program);
glValidateProgram(program);
glDeleteShader(vs);
glDeleteShader(fs);
return program;
}
int main(void) {
GLFWwindow* window;
if (!glfwInit()) return -1;
window = glfwCreateWindow(840, 680, "Window", NULL, NULL);
if (!window) {
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK) return -1;
std::cout << glGetString(GL_VERSION) << '\n';
float positions[6] = {
-0.5f, 0.5f,
0.0f, 0.5f,
0.5f, -0.5f
};
unsigned int buffer;
glGenBuffers(1, &buffer);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 6 * sizeof(float), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 2 * sizeof(float), 0);
std::string vertexShader = R"(
#version 330 core
layout(location = 0) in vec4 position;
void main() {
gl_Position = position;
}
)";
std::string fragmentShader =R"(
#version 330 core
layout(location = 0) out vec4 color;
void main() {
color = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
}
)";
unsigned int shader = CreateShader(vertexShader, fragmentShader);
glUseProgram(shader);
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 1, 3);
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
Thank you in advance for any help given!
The starting index of the first vertex is 0, but not 1:
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 1, 3);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
I've already looked all over the internet for the past couple days and I cannot find a fix to this problem. I believe I've got the basic debugging stuff setup yet I get no errors telling me what I've done wrong. This is my first attempt at a renderer, and I'm also trying to use a OOP/DOD (Data oriented design) structure. I think the error is just something small that I am blind to, or I'm completely doing this wrong... please help if you can.
Also I'm using shaders, EBOs, VBOs, linking to a VAO (I think)
Additional information: I'm using SDL + GLAD(opengl 4.6, core)
If you need me to reply with anything else that could help you help me, let me know.
Here is my console output:
screenshot
All I see on the window: screenshot
Here are my files (that might have the error):
vertex shader
#version 460 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 aColor;
out vec3 ourColor;
void main()
{
gl_Position = vec4(aPos, 1.0);
ourColor = aColor;
}
fragment shader
#version 460 core
out vec4 FragColor;
in vec3 ourColor;
void main()
{
FragColor = vec4(ourColor, 1.0f);
}
main.cpp (the window)
#include <loader.h>
using namespace testProgram;
int close(SDL_Window* window, SDL_GLContext glContext) {
IMG_Quit();
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
SDL_GL_DeleteContext(glContext);
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
// Simple debugger callback, will most likely modify in the future.
static void APIENTRY openglCallbackFunction(
GLenum source,
GLenum type,
GLuint id,
GLenum severity,
GLsizei length,
const GLchar* message,
const void* userParam
){
(void)source; (void)type; (void)id;
(void)severity; (void)length; (void)userParam;
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", message);
if (severity==GL_DEBUG_SEVERITY_HIGH) {
fprintf(stderr, "Aborting...\n");
abort();
}
}
std::vector<GLfloat> vertices {
// positions // colors
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom right
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom left
0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f // top
};
std::vector<GLuint> indices {
0, 1, 2
};
std::vector<int> vertexAttribSizes {
3
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
// Variables
bool quit = false;
// Initializations
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
IMG_Init(IMG_INIT_PNG);
setGLAttributes();
// Creating the window
SDL_Window* window = SDL_CreateWindow("test", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, winW, winH, flags);
SDL_GLContext glContext = SDL_GL_CreateContext(window);
SDL_GL_MakeCurrent(window, glContext);
SDL_Surface* icon = IMG_Load("images/icon.png");
setIcon(window, icon);
// Setting up OpenGL
if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)SDL_GL_GetProcAddress)) {
printf("Failed to initialize GLAD\n");
return -1;
}
glViewport(0, 0, winW, winH);
// Enable the debug callback
glEnable(GL_DEBUG_OUTPUT);
glEnable(GL_DEBUG_OUTPUT_SYNCHRONOUS);
glDebugMessageCallback(openglCallbackFunction, nullptr);
glDebugMessageControl
(
GL_DONT_CARE,
GL_DONT_CARE,
GL_DONT_CARE,
0, NULL, true
);
//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
Renderer::Queue queue;
Renderer::Shader shader;
Renderer::Object object;
shader.Update("CUT OUT THE DIRECTORY FOR THIS POST (because it doesn't matter)", "CUT OUT THE DIRECTORY FOR THIS POST (because it doesn't matter)");
object.Update(vertices, indices, shader.id, "triangle", vertexAttribSizes);
object.Attach(queue);
while(!quit) {
SDL_Event event;
mouseX = event.motion.x;
mouseY = event.motion.y;
while (SDL_PollEvent(&event) != 0) {
inputCollection(event, quit);
}
SDL_SetWindowHitTest(window, hitCallback, 0);
glClearColor(0.085f, 0.085f, 0.085f, 0.f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
queue.Render();
SDL_GL_SwapWindow(window);
}
// Closes all processes
object.Detach(queue);
close(window, glContext);
return 0;
}
renderer.h (it is included in loader.h, which is included in main.cpp. loader.h I believe doesn't contain the issue, so I dont want to pollute this post with even more code haha)
// Includes
#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstring>
#include <sstream>
// Renderer
namespace Renderer {
class Shader {
private:
// Read the shader's source code.
std::string readFile(const char* _path);
// Check the shader.
bool checkShader(GLuint &_shader);
// Check the program.
bool checkProgram(GLuint &_program);
public:
const char* vertexPath;
const char* fragmentPath;
GLuint id;
void Update(const char* _vertexPath, const char* _fragmentPath); // Update the shader's parameters.
void Use() { glUseProgram(id); } // Use the shader.
};
class Queue {
public:
GLuint VAO;
void listObjects(); // List all objects in the queue (BY NAME, INDEX IS THE ID FOR ALL VALUES/PARAMETERS)
GLuint getObject(std::string objName); // Grab an object from the queue (BY NAME, INDEX IS THE ID FOR ALL VALUES/PARAMETERS) [Returns the id of the object]
bool findObject(std::string objName); // Returns true or false if the object is found.
void Render(); // Render all objects in the queue. (Sets VAOs)
std::vector<std::vector<GLfloat>> vertices;
std::vector<std::vector<int>> indices;
std::vector<std::vector<int>> vertexAttribs;
std::vector<int> shaderProgramIDs;
std::vector<std::string> names;
};
class Object {
public:
GLuint VBO, EBO;
std::vector<GLfloat> vertices;
std::vector<int> indices;
std::vector<int> vertexAttribSizes; // This is the sizes of the vertex attributes, not the values.
GLuint shaderProgramID;
std::string name;
// Set the object's parameters.
void Update(
std::vector<GLfloat> _vertices,
std::vector<GLuint> _indices,
int _shaderProgramID,
std::string _name,
std::vector<int> _vertexAttribSizes
);
void Attach(Queue &queue);
void Detach(Queue &queue);
};
};
renderer.cpp
#include <renderer.h>
using namespace Renderer;
// List all objects in the queue.
void Queue::listObjects() {
for (auto name : names) {
std::cout << name << std::endl;
}
}
// Returns true or false if the object is found.
bool Queue::findObject(std::string objName) {
auto index = std::find(names.begin(), names.end(), objName);
if (index != names.end()) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
// Returns the object id.
GLuint Queue::getObject(std::string objName) {
auto index = std::find(names.begin(), names.end(), objName);
if (findObject(objName)) {
return index - names.begin();
} else {
return -1;
}
}
// Renders all objects linked to the current queue.
void Queue::Render() {
for (int i = 0; i < names.size(); i++) {
glUseProgram(shaderProgramIDs[i]);
glBindVertexArray(VAO);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, indices[i].size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
}
}
std::string Shader::readFile(const char* _path) {
std::string content;
std::ifstream fileStream(_path, std::ios::in);
if (!fileStream.is_open()) {
std::cerr << "Could not read file " << _path << ". File does not exist." << std::endl;
return "";
}
std::string line = "";
while (!fileStream.eof()) {
std::getline(fileStream, line);
content.append(line + "\n");
}
fileStream.close();
return content;
}
bool Shader::checkShader(GLuint &_shader) {
GLint success;
glGetShaderiv(_shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if(!success) {
GLint maxLength = 0;
glGetShaderiv(_shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &maxLength);
std::vector<GLchar> errorLog(maxLength);
glGetShaderInfoLog(_shader, maxLength, &maxLength, &errorLog[0]);
std::cout << "Shader compilation failed: " << std::endl;
std::cout << &errorLog[0] << std::endl;
return false;
}
return true;
}
bool Shader::checkProgram(GLuint &_program) {
GLint success;
glGetProgramiv(_program, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
if(!success) {
GLint maxLength = 0;
glGetProgramiv(_program, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &maxLength);
std::vector<GLchar> errorLog(maxLength);
glGetProgramInfoLog(_program, maxLength, &maxLength, &errorLog[0]);
std::cout << "Program linking failed: " << std::endl;
std::cout << &errorLog[0] << std::endl;
return false;
}
return true;
}
void Shader::Update(
const char* _vertexPath,
const char* _fragmentPath
){
GLuint vertex, fragment;
vertex = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
fragment = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
vertexPath = _vertexPath;
fragmentPath = _fragmentPath;
std::string vertexString = readFile(_vertexPath);
std::string fragmentString = readFile(_fragmentPath);
const char *vertexSource = vertexString.c_str();
const char *fragmentSource = fragmentString.c_str();
glShaderSource(vertex, 1, &vertexSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(vertex);
checkShader(vertex);
glShaderSource(fragment, 1, &fragmentSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(fragment);
checkShader(fragment);
this->id = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(this->id, vertex);
glAttachShader(this->id, fragment);
glLinkProgram(this->id);
checkProgram(this->id);
glDeleteShader(vertex);
glDeleteShader(fragment);
}
void Object::Attach(Queue &queue) {
queue.names.push_back(this->name);
GLuint id = queue.getObject(this->name);
queue.shaderProgramIDs.insert(queue.shaderProgramIDs.begin()+id, this->shaderProgramID);
queue.vertices.insert(queue.vertices.begin()+id, this->vertices);
queue.indices.insert(queue.indices.begin()+id, this->indices);
queue.vertexAttribs.insert(queue.vertexAttribs.begin()+id, this->vertexAttribSizes);
glGenBuffers(1, &this->VBO);
glGenBuffers(1, &this->EBO);
glGenVertexArrays(1, &queue.VAO);
glBindVertexArray(queue.VAO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this->VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(this->vertices), &this->vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, this->EBO);
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(this->indices), &this->indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
int stride = 3;
for (int i = 0; i < this->vertexAttribSizes.size(); i++) {
stride+=this->vertexAttribSizes[i];
}
// Positions
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
// Other attributes
int totalSize = 3;
for (int i = 0; i < this->vertexAttribSizes.size(); i++) {
glVertexAttribPointer(i+1, this->vertexAttribSizes[i], GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride * sizeof(float), (void*)(totalSize * sizeof(float)));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(i+1);
totalSize+=this->vertexAttribSizes[i];
}
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
void Object::Detach(Queue &queue) {
GLuint id = queue.getObject(this->name);
queue.names.erase(std::remove(queue.names.begin(), queue.names.end(), this->name), queue.names.end());
queue.vertices.erase(queue.vertices.begin()+id, queue.vertices.begin()+id+this->vertices.size());
queue.indices.erase(queue.indices.begin()+id, queue.indices.begin()+id+this->indices.size());
queue.vertexAttribs.erase(queue.vertexAttribs.begin()+id, queue.vertexAttribs.begin()+id+this->vertexAttribSizes.size());
glDeleteBuffers(1, &this->VBO);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &this->EBO);
}
void Object::Update(
std::vector<GLfloat> _vertices,
std::vector<GLuint> _indices,
int _shaderProgramID,
std::string _name,
std::vector<int> _vertexAttribSizes
){
// TODO: Clear all vectors, also detach and reattach automatically.
for (int i = 0; i < _vertices.size(); i++) {
vertices.push_back(_vertices[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < _indices.size(); i++) {
indices.push_back(_indices[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < _vertexAttribSizes.size(); i++) {
vertexAttribSizes.push_back(_vertexAttribSizes[i]);
}
shaderProgramID = _shaderProgramID;
name = _name;
}
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this->VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(this->vertices), &this->vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, this->EBO);
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(this->indices), &this->indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
this->vertices is a std::vector. You are uploading raw pointer values where there should be actual data in the buffer.
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this->VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(float) * this->vertices.size(), this->vertices.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, this->EBO);
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(int) * this->indices.size(), this->indices.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
I am trying to render a triangle with a triangle strip, but the word thing is that I am getting a rectangle.
Here is my client application code. I hardcoded points and the indices, create a VBO and an index buffer, and just call glDrawElements.
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
using namespace std;
#define PI 3.14159265359
static string ParseShader(string filepath) {
ifstream stream(filepath);
string line;
stringstream stringStream;
while (getline(stream, line))
{
stringStream << line << '\n';
}
return stringStream.str();
}
static unsigned int CompileShader(unsigned int type, const string& source) {
unsigned int id = glCreateShader(type);
const char* src = source.c_str(); // this returns a pointer to data inside the string, the first character
glShaderSource(id, 1, &src, nullptr); // shader id, count of source codes, a pointer to the array that holds the strings
glCompileShader(id);
int result;
glGetShaderiv(id, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &result);
if (result == GL_FALSE) {
int length;
glGetShaderiv(id, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &length);
char* message = (char*)alloca(length * sizeof(char));
glGetShaderInfoLog(id, length, &length, message);
cout << type << endl;
cout << message << endl;
glDeleteShader(id);
return 0;
}
return id;
}
// takes the shader codes as a string parameters
static unsigned int CreateShader(const string& vertexShader, const string& fragmentShader)
{
GLuint program = glCreateProgram();
unsigned int vs = CompileShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexShader);
unsigned int fs = CompileShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentShader);
glAttachShader(program, vs);
glAttachShader(program, fs);
glLinkProgram(program);
glValidateProgram(program); // validate if the program is valid and can be run in the current state of opengl
glDeleteShader(vs);
glDeleteShader(fs);
return program;
}
int main(void)
{
GLFWwindow* window;
float Angle = 40;
/* Initialize the library */
if (!glfwInit())
return -1;
/* Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context */
window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Hello World", NULL, NULL);
if (!window)
{
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
/* Make the window's context current */
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
// call glewInit after creating the context...
GLenum err = glewInit();
if (GLEW_OK != err)
{
/* Problem: glewInit failed, something is seriously wrong. */
fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", glewGetErrorString(err));
}
const int vertexCoordinateCount = 2;
const int coordinateCount = 6;
const int indexCount = 3;
GLfloat coordinates[coordinateCount] = {
500.0f, 0.0f,
-250.0f, 250.f,
-250.f, -250.f,
};
GLuint indices[indexCount] = { 0, 1, 2 };
GLuint position_buffer;
glGenBuffers(1, &position_buffer);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, position_buffer);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, coordinateCount * sizeof(float), coordinates, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, vertexCoordinateCount, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(float) * vertexCoordinateCount, 0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
GLuint index_buffer;
glGenBuffers(1, &index_buffer);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, index_buffer);
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indexCount * sizeof(GLuint), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
string vertexSource = ParseShader("vertex.shader");
string fragmentSource = ParseShader("fragment.shader");
unsigned int program = CreateShader(vertexSource, fragmentSource);
glUseProgram(program);
/* Loop until the user closes the window */
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
// Render here
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, indexCount, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, nullptr);
//Swap front and back buffers
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
// Poll for and process events
glfwPollEvents();
}
glDeleteProgram(program);
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
My vertex shader :
#version 330 core
layout(location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
void main()
{
gl_Position = vec4(aPos, 1.0);
}
And my fragment shader:
#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
void main()
{
FragColor = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);
}
Edit: Adding a screenshot of the render result.
You do not transform the vertex coordinates. Therefore the vertices must be spepcified in Normalized Device Space, in range [-1.0, 1.0]. e.g.:
GLfloat coordinates[coordinateCount] = {
1.0f, 1.0f,
-1.0f, 1.0f,
1.0f, -1.0f,
};
You're actually drawing a triangle, but you only see an inner part of it. The rest is clipped.
So first of all, i am a total beginner in open gl, and i am learning opengl from learnopengl.com. So i understood whats going on in the code in the main method.The code works in main method. But when i tried to create a class for it, it doesn't render anything!! I have absolutely no idea whats going wrong!
Sprite.h
#pragma once
#include"Shader.h"
#include<GL\glew.h>
class Sprite {
GLuint vao;
GLuint vbo;
int vertexCount;
Shader shader;
public:
Sprite(const GLfloat vertices[9], int noOfVertices, Shader s = Shader()) : vertexCount(noOfVertices) , shader(s)
{
glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
glBindVertexArray(vao);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, this->vertexCount, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, nullptr);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
void draw() {
glBindVertexArray(this->vao);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, this->vertexCount);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
};
Shader.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<sstream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<GL\glew.h>
class Shader {
GLuint programID;
GLuint vertID;
GLuint fragID;
public:
Shader(std::string vertex = "Shaders/Dvert.vert", std::string fragment = "Shaders/Dfrag.frag")
{
this->programID = glCreateProgram();
this->vertID = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
this->fragID = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
this->CompileShaders(vertex, fragment);
this->LinkProgram();
}
GLuint getProgramId() {
return this->programID;
}
private:
void CompileShaders(std::string vertexShaderPath, std::string FragShaderPath) {
std::string vCode = GetContentsFrom(vertexShaderPath).c_str();
const char * vertexCode = vCode.c_str();
glShaderSource(this->vertID, 1, &vertexCode, NULL);
glCompileShader(this->vertID);
this->HandleShaderErrors(this->vertID);
std::string fCode = GetContentsFrom(FragShaderPath).c_str();
const char * fragCode = fCode.c_str();
glShaderSource(this->fragID, 1, &fragCode, NULL);
glCompileShader(this->fragID);
std::cout << fragCode << std::endl;
this->HandleShaderErrors(this->fragID);
}
void LinkProgram() {
glAttachShader(this->programID, this->vertID);
glAttachShader(this->programID, this->fragID);
glLinkProgram(this->programID);
this->HandleLinkErrors();
}
std::string GetContentsFrom(std::string path) {
std::ifstream file(path);
std::ostringstream stream;
if (!file) {
std::cout << "Specified file path is invalid" << std::endl;
return "";
}
stream << file.rdbuf();
std::cout << stream.str() << std::endl << std::endl;
return stream.str();
}
void HandleLinkErrors() {
int result;
glGetProgramiv(this->programID, GL_LINK_STATUS, &result);
if (result == GL_FALSE) {
int length;
glGetProgramiv(this->programID, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &length);
std::vector<char> error(length);
glGetProgramInfoLog(this->programID, length , &length, &error[0]);
std::cout << &error[0] << std::endl;
glDetachShader(this->programID, this->vertID);
glDetachShader(this->programID, this->fragID);
}
}
void HandleShaderErrors(GLuint shader) {
int status;
glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &status);
if (status == GL_FALSE) {
int length;
glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &length);
std::vector<char> error(length);
glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, length, &length, &error[0]);
std::cout << &error[0] << std::endl;
glDeleteShader(shader);
}
}
};
Main.cpp
#include<GL\glew.h>
#include<GLFW\glfw3.h>
#include"Console.h"
#include"Headers\Shader.h"
#include"Headers\Sprite.h"
#include<iostream>
static const GLfloat vertices[] = {
0.5f, -0.5f ,0.0f ,
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f
};
int main() {
if (!glfwInit()) {
Console.Log("GLFW could not be initialised!!");
Console.Wait();
}
GLFWwindow *window = glfwCreateWindow(600, 400, "Open GL", nullptr, nullptr);
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK) {
Console.Log("GLEW could not be initialised!!");
Console.Wait();
}
Sprite s(vertices, 3);
glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glfwPollEvents();
s.draw();
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
}
}
Please help me out!!
Note:- The code in the main method renders the white triangle without the
shaders,so my graphics card works without shaders.
Also the Console class i have created is just to print to the console and has nothing to do with the opengl stuff. Console.Log isstd::cout<< and Console.Wait is std::cin.get();
There are at least two problems. The first is that your sizeof(vertices) in Sprite produces wrong result, because it gives the size of a pointer, not the size of the array. To fix it, replace it with sizeof(GLfloat) * 9.
The second problem is that you are specifying the OpenGL context version too late, after creating the window and context. To fix it, call these methods before glfwCreateWindow, not after:
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
Closed. This question needs debugging details. It is not currently accepting answers.
Edit the question to include desired behavior, a specific problem or error, and the shortest code necessary to reproduce the problem. This will help others answer the question.
Closed 8 years ago.
Improve this question
I have been following the Modern Opengl Tutorials on YouTube by Nico Cvitak to help me transition from SDL to OpenGl/GLFW; here is a link to the lesson I can't get to work: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2K_R4C1UP-c][1]
Here is my code:
myVertexShader.vs
#version 150 core
in vec2 v_pos;
void main()
{
gl_Position = vec4(v_pos, 0.0, 1.0);
}
myFragmentShader.fs
#version 150 core
out vec4 fragData;
void main()
{
fragData = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
}
main.cpp
#define GLFW_INCLUDE_GLCOREARB
#include <iostream>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <OpenGL/OpenGL.h>
#include "ShaderUtils.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
GLFWwindow * window;
//Initialize the library
if (!glfwInit())
return -1;
//Specify Hints
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 2);
//Create a windowed mode window and its OpenGL context
window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Mojicon", NULL, NULL);
if (!window)
{
glfwTerminate();
return 1;
}
//Make the window's context current
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
std::cout << glGetString(GL_VERSION) << std::endl;
glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
GLuint vertexShader = ShaderUtils::createShaderFromFile("myVertexShader.vs", GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
GLuint fragmentShader = ShaderUtils::createShaderFromFile("myFragmentShader.fs", GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
glBindFragDataLocation(shaderProgram, 0, "fragData");
glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);
GLint linkStatus;
glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &linkStatus);
if (linkStatus != GL_TRUE)
{
cout << "Program Link Failed!" << endl;
GLint infoLogLength;
glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLength);
GLchar * infoLog = new GLchar[infoLogLength + 1];
glGetShaderInfoLog(shaderProgram, infoLogLength + 1, NULL, infoLog);
cout << infoLog << endl;
delete infoLog;
return 0;
}
glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
//vertex buffer objects
GLuint myVBO;
glGenBuffers(1, &myVBO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, myVBO);
GLfloat bufferData[] =
{
+0.0, +0.5,
-0.5, -0.5,
+0.5, -0.5,
};
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(bufferData), bufferData, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, NULL);
GLuint myVAO;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &myVAO);
glBindVertexArray(myVAO);
GLint positionLoc = glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "v_pos");
glEnableVertexAttribArray(positionLoc);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, myVBO);
glVertexAttribPointer(positionLoc, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 2 * sizeof(GLfloat), 0);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, NULL);
glBindVertexArray(NULL);
//Loop the window until closed
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
//Render here
GLint windowWidth, windowHeight;
glfwGetWindowSize(window, &windowWidth, &windowHeight);
glViewport(0, 0, windowWidth, windowHeight);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glBindVertexArray(myVAO);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glBindVertexArray(NULL);
//Poll for events
glfwPollEvents();
//Swap buffers
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
}
glDeleteBuffers(1, &myVBO);
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &myVAO);
glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
glDeleteProgram(shaderProgram);
glfwDestroyWindow(window);
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
ShaderUtil.h
#define GLFW_INCLUDE_GLCOREARB
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <streambuf>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
using namespace std;
class ShaderUtils
{
public:
static GLuint createShaderFromFile(const GLchar * path, GLenum shaderType);
};
ShaderUtil.cpp
#include "ShaderUtils.h"
GLuint ShaderUtils::createShaderFromFile(const GLchar * path, GLenum shaderType)
{
GLuint shaderID = glCreateShader(shaderType);
ifstream fin;
fin.open(path);
if (!fin.is_open())
{
cout << "File Not Found '" << path << "'!" << endl;
return -1;
}
string source((istreambuf_iterator<GLchar>(fin)), istreambuf_iterator<GLchar>());
fin.close();
const GLchar * shaderSource = source.c_str();
glShaderSource(shaderID, 1, &shaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(shaderID);
GLint compileStatus;
glGetShaderiv(shaderID, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compileStatus);
if (compileStatus != GL_TRUE)
{
cout << "Shader Failed To Compile: '" << path << "'!" << endl;
GLint infoLogLength;
glGetShaderiv(shaderID, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLength);
GLchar * infoLog = new GLchar[infoLogLength + 1];
glGetShaderInfoLog(shaderID, infoLogLength + 1, NULL, infoLog);
cout << infoLog << endl;
delete infoLog;
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
I tried to make this code nearly identical with the tutorials code, and I cannot for the life of me find any differences. Help me find the problem (there are no bugs) and explain it to me.
Your createShaderFromFile() method always returns 0:
GLuint ShaderUtils::createShaderFromFile(const GLchar * path, GLenum shaderType)
{
...
return 0;
}
You use this return value as a shader id:
GLuint vertexShader = ShaderUtils::createShaderFromFile(
"myVertexShader.vs", GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
GLuint fragmentShader = ShaderUtils::createShaderFromFile(
"myFragmentShader.fs", GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
These values will come out as 0. To make this work, you will need to return the shader id from the method:
GLuint ShaderUtils::createShaderFromFile(const GLchar * path, GLenum shaderType)
{
...
return shaderID;
}
You should be able to track down this kind of problem by stepping through the code in a debugger.