I'm deploying my Django application on ec2 on AWS.
I did configuration setting up ~/.boto and finally succeed in 'python manage.py collectstatic'.
If there is an error, then error is caused! (I know because I solved it by setting up ~/.boto configuration file!).
But after configuration , when I query my image file at S3 mapped to my imageField model, it shows the error message below:
No handler was ready to authenticate. 1 handlers were checked.
['HmacAuthV1Handler'] Check your credentials
I think I made it authentication, but why is this message occuring?
Using a role is absolutely the correct way to handle authentication in EC2 to AWS. Putting long term credentials on the machine is a disgusting alternative. Assuming you're using a standard SDK, ( and boto absolutely is), the SDK will automatically use the role's temporary credentials to authenticate, so all you have to do is launch the instance with an "instance profile" specifying a role, and you get secure credentials delivery for free.
You'll have to replace your server to do so but_being able to recreate servers is fundamental to success in aws anyway. The sooner you start thinking that way, the better the cloud will work for you.
Once the role is attached to the instance, the policies defining the role's permission can be modified dynamically. So you don't need to get the permissions sorted out before creating the role.
At the high level, you specify a role at instance creation time. The EC2 console can facilitate the process of creating a role, allowing the EC2 service to access it, and specifying at instance creation time.
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/iam-roles-for-amazon-ec2.html provides detailed instructions.
Related
My requirement is to access some AWS APIs from a mobile application(Written in flutter). Currently how I have done it is by creating an IAM user with only the permissions required and using the access credentials of that user I sign my APIs.
What I am looking to do is instead of storing these credentials with in my app. Is there a way to use some sort of sign in mechanism to obtain some credentials and use those for signing my APIs?
Update 1:
To add more context. This is purely a hobby project and mostly for personal use. And for my use case storing credentials with in application is more than enough. Anyway I have intention to publish it as an open source project and I want to add a better way to handle this. Currently am not storing any credential in my code but am adding it as a an ENV during build process.
I think I would be able to handle this if I create my own backend to generate temporary credentials. But if there is some other standard solution out there I would like to utilize that.
Storing credentials in an application is an antipattern, and AWS provides features that prevent the need for you to do so.
Two alternatives off the top of my head.
The most obvious of these is AWS IAM Instance Profiles. These permit you to bind IAM permissions to an EC2. Any application or service on this ec2 is then permitted to perform the actions permitted by the IAM profile bound to the Instance Profile.
If you are running your application in EKS, you can leverage IRSA to bind IAM permissions to a service-account in the EKS cluster.
I assume you're running your service on EC2, and that therefore the InstanceProfile approach is easiest.
When trying to connect to an AWS service via Boto3, I occasionally get the following error:
NoAuthHandlerFound: No handler was ready to authenticate. 1 handlers were checked. ['HmacAuthV3Handler'] Check your credentials
This is running on an EC2 instance with an IAM Role configured. This error happens rarely.
IAM roles provide credentials via the AWS metadata service. Boto3 will connect to this service to get credentials, but this connection can time out. By default, Boto3 will not retry connections to the metadata service, but this can be changed by setting the environment variable AWS_METADATA_SERVICE_NUM_ATTEMPTS to a number higher than 1.
See the docs:
AWS_METADATA_SERVICE_NUM_ATTEMPTS
When attempting to retrieve credentials on an EC2 instance that has been configured with an IAM role, boto3 will only make one attempt to retrieve credentials from the instance metadata service before giving up. If you know your code will be running on an EC2 instance, you can increase this value to make boto3 retry multiple times before giving up.
According to many advices, we should not configure IAM USER but using IAM Role instead to avoid someone managed to grab the user confidential in .aws folder.
Lets say I don't have any EC2 instances. Can I still able to perform S3 operation via AWS CLI? Says aws s3 ls
MacBook-Air:~ user$ aws s3 ls
Unable to locate credentials. You can configure credentials by running "aws configure".
You are correct that, when running applications on Amazon EC2 instances or as AWS Lambda functions, an IAM role should be assigned that will provide credentials via the EC2 metadata service.
If you are not running on EC2/Lambda, then the normal practice is to use IAM User credentials that have been created specifically for your application, with least possible privilege assigned.
You should never store the IAM User credentials in an application -- there have been many cases of people accidentally saving such files into GitHub, and bad actors grab the credentials and have access to your account.
You could store the credentials in a configuration file (eg via aws configure) and keep that file outside your codebase. However, there are still risks associated with storing the credentials in a file.
A safer option is to provide the credentials via environment variables, since they can be defined through a login profile and will never be included in the application code.
I don't think you can use service roles on your personal machine.
You can however use multi-factor authentication for AWS CLI
You can use credentials on any machine not just EC2.
Follow the steps as described by the documentation for your OS.
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/installing.html
I'm setting up a Kubernetes cluster on AWS and as part of the configuration for say the API Server, I provide the --cloud-provider=aws setting.
Once it starts up, however, I see in the logs that it complains about not having AWS credentials:
NoCredentialProviders: no valid providers in chain
After some searching, it seems that this issue was resolved for most people by using the "kube-up" script. However, for those who are not using the script to set up their cluster, how do we provide Kubernetes with AWS credentials?
It sounds like you don't have the appropriate IAM instance profile set on your master VM. The kube-up script for AWS creates a role and associated policy that is attached to the master VM when it is created. Having the IAM policy attached should give you the credentials necessary to make API calls into AWS.
I'm logging into a role through SSO and I'm trying to create a new Elastic Beanstalk environment (newest tomcat if it matters) and I am getting the following error which is preventing me from even getting the environment started building:
(Namespace: 'aws:elasticbeanstalk:environment', OptionName: 'ServiceRole'): Invalid service role
This is happening even when I am trying to clone an existing environment. I've tried to auto generate a service role and to manually create one. Both are giving the error. This error does not happen when I am logging into a user with the same permissions.
When you clone an environment using the Elastic Beanstalk console, you have the option to choose a new platform and a service role. Service role is a new concept in beanstalk documented here. Service is not required if you are using basic health monitoring but it is required if you choose to use enhanced health monitoring.
When creating an environment you can choose to pass an IamInstanceProfile (typically named aws-elasticbeanstalk-ec2-role) and a service role (typically named aws-elasticbeanstalk-service-role). These two roles are required when using Enhanced Application Health Monitoring.
Please note that these two roles require a completely a different set of permissions and you should use different roles for each of them. You can find the list of permissions required for Service Role and Instance profile documented here.
When creating/cloning/modifying environments using AWS console you will be shown an option to choose a service role. If you have never used a Service role before, you will be presented with an option to "Create a new role". The console allows you to create the Service role required by beanstalk using a single button click. You can view the permissions before creating the role.
After the first create, the console will present you with a dropdown with the role you created previously (typically named aws-elasticbeanstalk-service-role) and you can reuse this service role.
From the documentation: "A service role is the IAM role that Elastic Beanstalk assumes when calling other services on your behalf. Elastic Beanstalk uses the service role that you specify when creating an Elastic Beanstalk environment when it calls Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2), Elastic Load Balancing, and Auto Scaling APIs to gather information about the health of its AWS resources."
When creating/using a role you need to make sure the IAM user has pass role permission for the role you created. In case you are not using the root account make sure you have the correct policies for the IAM user.
Note the iam:PassRole permission allows your IAM user to pass the role to beanstalk service.
Update
There was an issue with Single Sign On that has now been resolved. Please update here or in the AWS forum thread below if you are still seeing issues.
AWS forum thread: https://forums.aws.amazon.com/thread.jspa?threadID=171369
I got the same error yesterday and a different one today using the same stack "Unable to assign role. Please verify that you have permission to pass this role: XXXXXX."
And I solved assigning this policy "AWSElasticBeanstalkFullAccess" to my user
Here you could read more:
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/latest/dg/concepts-roles.html#concepts-roles-user
There seems to be a thread on aws support forum here: https://forums.aws.amazon.com/thread.jspa?messageID=670359
I am having the same issue when trying to access a beanstalk environment via crossaccount iam policy.
I think that logging into console with an IAM account that belongs to that particular AWS account with resolve the issue. Im certain AWS folks are working on it