CMake linking Boost: cannot find -lboost_program_options - c++

I want to use Boosts support for command line flags in C++ on Linux. I use CMake to build the application, but I get a error "cannot find -lboost_program_options". The library boost_program_options was build independently using bjam, and the libraries are in the stage/lib subdirectory of the boost directory.
What does work: A solution is to add the stage/lib library using link_directories, but the CMake manual states:
Note that this command is rarely necessary. Library locations returned by find_package() and find_library() are absolute paths.
So that should not be nescessary.
What I want to have working:
Using find_package should be enough, but that doesn't work, here's the CMakeLists:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)
project(inp_manipulation)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
include_directories(includes lib/boost_1_62_0 lib/)
SET(CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH ${CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH} "lib/boost_1_62_0")
SET(CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH ${CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH} "lib/boost_1_62_0/stage/lib")
find_package(Boost 1.62.0)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR})
file(GLOB SOURCES *.cpp)
set(MAIN_FILE main.cpp)
set(SOURCE_FILES ${SOURCES})
add_executable(inp_manipulation ${MAIN_FILE} ${SOURCE_FILES} )
target_link_libraries(inp_manipulation -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ boost_program_options)
Question
Where is the mistake in the CMakeLists?
Thanks in advance!

First, you must tell cmake that you require the specific component library from boost:
find_package(Boost 1.62.0 COMPONENTS program_options)
Second, always use the output variables from BoostFind.cmake
target_link_libraries(inp_manipulation -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
Documentation here: https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/module/FindBoost.html
Output variables are:
Boost_FOUND - True if headers and requested libraries were found
Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS - Boost include directories
Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS - Link directories for Boost libraries
Boost_LIBRARIES - Boost component libraries to be linked
etc

Related

cmake fails to look up external library(boost) directory

I am trying to use cmake to build a simple parser project. I used boost::program_options in my code, but it seems cmake does not look up the boost lib directory. Get confused and frustrated..
My CMakeLists.txt is
# basic info
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 3.1.0)
PROJECT(parser CXX)
SET(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)
# Boost
FIND_PACKAGE(Boost 1.61.0 REQUIRED PATHS /path/to/boost NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
MESSAGE(STATUS "Boost version: ${Boost_VERSION}" )
MESSAGE(STATUS "Boost include dirs: ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}" )
MESSAGE(STATUS "Boost library dirs: ${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS}" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
LINK_DIRECTORIES(${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS})
# main
FILE(GLOB main_SRC *.cpp)
ADD_EXECUTABLE(main ${main_SRC})
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(main boost_program_options)
I use a modified BoostConfig.cmake (which points to my own Boost library)
The result for running cd build; cmake .. is
-- Boost version: 1.61.0
-- Boost include dirs: /path/to/boost/include
-- Boost library dirs: /path/to/boost/lib
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /path/to/build
Thus I believe cmake has found the my Boost library. But then if I run make I will end up with a bunch of errors like
undefined reference to `boost::program_options ... `
If I run make VERBOSE=1 I will see
/path/to/g++ -rdynamic CMakeFiles/main.dir/main.cpp.o -o main -lboost_program_options
the command does not have -L or -Wl,rpath for ${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS}. If I add the flag manually then I can compile the project successfully.
I also tried linking to static lib by TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(main ${Boost_LIBRARY_DIR}/libboost_program_options.a) instead of LINK_DIRECTORIES(), but the same error was thrown.
Not sure what makes things wrong..
Thanks in advance
What happens with the standard method using the imported targets? That is,
# Use and set variable/-Dflag/environment for custom Boost location
set(BOOST_ROOT /path/to/boost)
find_package(Boost 1.61.0 REQUIRED
COMPONENTS program_options)
add_executable(main ...)
target_link_libraries(main Boost::program_options)

CMake: What is the difference between `include_directories` versus `target_link_libraries`

I am building a moderately sized C++ library and have cobbled together my CMakeLists.txt file from a bunch of different examples, etc. I was trying to understand the difference between include_directories versus the target_link_libraries instructions.
I list some of my code below, but just wanted to preface with a comment. I use the Boost library to build some of my code. So I have an instruction to INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}) to include the Boost source directories in the build process. So I assume that Cmake will include these Boost Source files when building any executable--without any additional explicit instruction.
But later I have a TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES( gd_validator ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ) when building an executable. So that suggests that I need to not only include the Boost directory, but then also explicitly link it with the executable.
So I was not sure if I actually needed both steps, or if I just needed the INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES instruction and that was it.
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.7)
project(XXX)
find_package(Boost 1.58.0 REQUIRED COMPONENTS system filesystem program_options chrono timer date_time REQUIRED)
if(NOT Boost_FOUND)
message(FATAL_ERROR "NOTICE: This demo requires Boost and will not be compiled.")
endif()
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME OFF)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
LINK_DIRECTORIES(${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS})
file(GLOB lib_SRC RELATIVE "lib/" "*.h" "*.cpp")
file(GLOB test_SRC RELATIVE "tests/" "*.h" "*.cpp")
# need to fix the instruction below to reference library
set(SOURCE_FILES ${lib_SRC} tests/testComplexCreator.cpp tests/testDataFormatter.cpp tests/testComplexAnalysis.cpp tests/testFascadeClass.cpp)
add_library(libXXX SHARED ${SOURCE_FILES})
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp random_mat_vector_generator.h random_mat_vector_generator.cpp)
add_executable(gd_validator gudhi_validator.cpp)
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES( gd_validator ${Boost_LIBRARIES} )
Yes, you need both.
include_directories will tell to the compiler where to look for the header files, in this case, the header files for the boost library.
target_link_libraries will tell to the linker which libraries you want to link against your executable.
While headers will provide (most of the time) just the interface to access the library, the library itself is precompiled and linked to your application.
include_directories specifies the directories to be searched for included files (headers). target_link_libraries specifies the libraries to be linked to your target (executable or library).
Two completely​ different things.

Static linking DCMTK library

I use DCMTK in my application and for compilation use cmake file. cmake finds all libraries (at least headers, because in compiles source files to .o files) the only problem is that during linking it tries to find dynamic libraries for DCMTK. I compiled one as static, so I do not have .so files. As a result it gives me error :No rule to make target /usr/lib/libdcmdata.so, needed by dcm_seg. Stop.
I use Ubuntu 14.04 x64.
It confuses me pretty much. So, what's the problems?
cmake file:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)
project(dcm_segm)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++0x ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -g -ftest-coverage -fprofile-arcs")
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set(OpenCV_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set(DCMTK_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set(OpenCV_STATIC ON)
find_package( VTK REQUIRED )
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )
find_package( Boost COMPONENTS system filesystem REQUIRED )
find_package( DCMTK REQUIRED )
include(${VTK_USE_FILE} )
link_directories(${OpenCV_LIB_DIR})
add_executable(dcm_seg main.cpp DICOMin.cpp Ensemble.cpp Ensemble3dExtension.cpp point_3d.cpp RegionGrow.cpp)
target_link_libraries(dcm_seg ${VTK_LIBRARIES} ${OpenCV_LIBS} ${DCMTK_LIBRARIES} ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
Can you check the content of ${DCMTK_LIBRARIES} (it should be a list of paths to DCMTK static libraries) ?
you can also check the following CMake entries during the CMake configuration:
DCMTK_DIR /path/to/DCMTK/install
DCMTK_config_INCLUDE_DIR /path/to/DCMTK/install/include/dcmtk/config
DCMTK_dcmdata_INCLUDE_DIR /path/to/DCMTK/install/dcmdata/include/dcmtk/dcmdata
DCMTK_dcmdata_LIBRARY_DEBUG /path/to/DCMTK/install/dcmdata/libsrc/libdcmdata.a
DCMTK_dcmdata_LIBRARY_RELEASE /path/to/DCMTK/install/dcmdata/libsrc/libdcmdata.a
[...]
Another hint: I noted in the past that find DCMTK from a build instead of an install not always works properly.
If you have trouble finding DCMTK with the script provided with CMake
(${DCMTK_LIBRARIES} doesn not content the path to you static DCMTK libs for example) you can try to use this alternative script

translate g++ code to clion environment

I am new in clion. on gcc i always use:
g++ bin/obj/main.o -o bin/main -lboost_filesystem -lboost_system -lcrypto
How to do it in clion?
It seems my CMakeList does not work:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1)
project(motion_simulation)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")
set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp)
add_executable(motion_simulation ${SOURCE_FILES})
link_libraries(lboost_filesystem)
link_libraries(lboost_system)
link_libraries(lcrypto)
Try including the keyword "CMake" into your search next time. This question is actually not CLion specific because CLion actually uses CMake as buildsystem.
CMake is very well documented, and you should be able to find a lot of answers regarding your problem.
You could first try to get rid of that "l":
link_libraries(boost_filesystem)
If that doesn't work you should take a look how the find_package() command works. http://www.cmake.org/Wiki/CMake:How_To_Find_Libraries
And here is a detailed explanation how to find Boost libs and include directory.
http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/module/FindBoost.html
As you are using CMake 3.1 you can use some more advanced features of CMake.
With CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD you can select which C++ version you want to use and CMake will select the corresponding compiler flags (see docs).
link_libraries is one possibility, but it has to be called before add_executable or add_library. The alternative is target_link_libraries which links only to a single target, but can also manage transitive dependencies (docs).
CMake comes with find_package modules for OpenSSL and Boost to find dependencies and with the option REQUIRED, you can ensure that they are found on the system. Boost also supports COMPONENTS to select which libraries you need.
In case you ever work on a system, where OpenSSL and Boost are not installed in /usr/, you can already use target_include_directories to specify where the headers for your executable is found. Like target_link_libraries, target_include_directories can work with transitive dependencies, in this case PRIVATE.
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1)
project(motion_simulation)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS filesystem system)
find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp)
add_executable(motion_simulation ${SOURCE_FILES})
target_include_directories(motion_simulation PRIVATE ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS} ${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR})
target_link_libraries( motion_simulation PRIVATE ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ${OPENSSL_LIBRARIES})

Cmake error when adding Boost library

I am trying to add Boost library to my project using the CMakeLists.txt in the follwing way:
set(BOOST_INCLUDEDIR "C:/boost_1_57_0")
set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR "C:/boost_1_57_0/stage/lib")
find_package(Boost 1.57.0 COMPONENTS filesystem)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
add_executable(test test.cpp)
target_link_libraries(test ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
However, I get the followng error: LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'libboost_filesystem-vc120-mt-1_57.lib'
libboost_filesystem-vc120-mt-1_57.lib is located in the stage/lib folder, so I don't know what is going on. I am compiling with Visual Studio 2013.
Any thoughts?
Try setting the Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS and Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED CMake variables to ON before using find_package, i.e.:
set( Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON )
set( Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON )
find_package( Boost 1.57.0 COMPONENTS filesystem )
I've come across this problem before and it seems as though, on multithreaded windows systems, the Boost bootstrap installer compiles multithreaded, static libraries by default. However, the CMake FindBoost script (which is used by find_package) searches for single-threaded, dynamic libraries by default.
Since you're using VS compiler I'll say you're working on Windows.
The error refers to the linker, which is failing to find boost libraries, as noticed.
Taking into account that the library exists in the boost path, my solution was to do a file(COPY) for the specific library, as a last resort.
if(WIN32)
set(BOOST_ROOT "C:/boost_1_57_0")
set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/stage/lib/)
endif()
find_package(Boost 1.57.0 EXACT REQUIRED system filesystem)
if(Boost_FOUND)
message(STATUS "found boost, Boost_LIBRARIES <" ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ">")
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_directories(${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS})
set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME OFF)
else()
message(STATUS "boost not found")
endif()
target_link_libraries(boost_test ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
file(COPY "${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS}/boost_filesystem-vc120-mt-1_57.dll" DESTINATION "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")
You may add some log messages to the CMake in order to know the values returned in the
find_package.
Make sure the architecture (x64) matches.
$ cmake -A x64 ..
Use link_directories command before adding executables just like include_directories.
link_directories(${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS})