I have a simple macro where I am passing in a parameter but also want to append onto the macro. However, when I try to add the additional text it won't recognize the original macro variable. I have tried to convert the macro variable to a string first, append the extra text, then unquote it but can't find an appropriate concatenate function to use.
Here is my macro and what isn't working now, with the problem being &del_30 in the third line. The compiler is trying to interpret &del_30 as a macro, instead of &del_ by itself.
%macro plot_better_same_worse(title_, del_);
proc Sgplot data=ALL_TP_NORM_TBL;
SERIES X = asofdt Y = &del_30 /
MARKERS LINEATTRS = (THICKNESS = 2);
run;
%mend plot_better_same_worse;
I have also tried to do this instead: &&del_&30 but SAS tries to interpret &30 as a macro variable as well.
Macro variable names begin with & and end with ., or the first character illegal to be in a macro variable name (A-Z, 0-9, _).
So &del_.30 would resolve &del_ and then put 30 after it.
Related
SAS says: ERROR: INPUT function requires a character argument.
when I run the following code:
%let fyq0 = 000930 ;
%put &fyq0 ;
proc sql ;
create table check as
select *, input(&fyq0,yymmdd6.) as fyq0
from q ;
quit ;
I tried to have '&fyq0' instead of &fyq0 as the 1st argument for the -input- function as the following:
%let fyq0 = 000930 ;
%put &fyq0 ;
proc sql ;
create table check as
select *, input('&fyq0',yymmdd6.) as fyq0
from q ;
quit ;
Then SAS says: NOTE: Invalid argument to function INPUT. Missing values may be generated. And indeed, variable fyq0 returns a missing value.
I wonder what went wrong with my approaches and what is the correct way to go.
The macro processor just replaces the macro reference with the resolved text and then the generated text is interpreted as text. So when you tried.
input(&fyq0,yymmdd6.)
it was the same as if your code was
input(000930,yymmdd6.)
Even if that did run SAS would first have to convert the number 930 into a character string using the BEST12. format which would result in a string like
' 930'
and the input function would only read 6 of the leading spaces.
The macro processor does not process text inside of single quotes. So the INPUT function could not convert the five character string '&fyq0' to a valid date since the letters and ampersand are not valid digits.
You can use double quote characters to allow SAS to resolve the macro variable reference.
input("&fyq0",yymmdd6.)
Now the macro variable reference will resolve and code generated will be:
input("000930",yymmdd6.)
How can i quote just one letter in sas?
%sysfunc(tranwrd(%quote(&string),%quote(T),%quote('Test')));
The Problem is, when the string has a 'T' and 'TR' that both get tranwrd to 'Test'
SAS Macro variables are always character. The arguments to macro functions are always character and generally won't require an extra layer of macro macro quoting, and definitely won't if the arguments are to be as literals.
Did you try this first ?
%let string = STACKOVERFLOW;
%let string_tweaked = %sysfunc(tranwrd(&string),T,Test);
%put NOTE: string_tweaked = &string_tweaked;
Do the macro values contain embedded single quotes ?
%let string = %str(S%'T%'ACKOVERFLOW);
%let string_tweaked = %qsysfunc(tranwrd(&string,'T','Test'));
%put NOTE: string_tweaked = &string_tweaked;
The second code sample is analogous to the following DATA step code (whose scope is different than that of the MACRO environment). DATA step string values are explicitly quoted, with either double quote (") or single quote (')
data _null_;
string = "S'T'ACKOVERFLOW";
string_tweaked = tranwrd(string,"'T'","'Test'");
put "NOTE: " string_tweaked=;
run;
Let the sample macro variable be
%let temp="A","B","C";
How do you get the array length of this macro variable, which includes quotations and commas? For example, I would want to return length 3.
%let length_of_temp=%sysfunc(SOME_FUNC(&temp.));
%put length=length_of_temp;
LOG: length=3
Preferably I would want to do it using one established SAS function or line of code, not creating a new function for processing. Here is what I have attempted so far:
countw("&temp.",","): the quotes create an error when trying to convert it to a string.
NOTE: Line generated by the macro variable "TEMP". 4
""A","B","C"
NOTE 49-169: The meaning of an identifier after a quoted string might change in a future SAS
release. Inserting white space between a quoted string and the succeeding
identifier is recommended.
ERROR 388-185: Expecting an arithmetic operator.
countw(&temp.,",") and count(&temp.): typical error of function call has too many arguments
count((&temp.)) and dim((&temp.))
variations using %superq on the above
Use macro quoting on your macro variable value so that commas do not cause trouble for call to countw() function. Use the q and possibly the m optional third argument to the countw() function to let it know not to count delimiters that are inside the quotes.
%let temp="A1,a2","B","C";
%let count = %sysfunc(countw(%superq(temp),%str(,),mq));
If you want to calculate the count in a data step then instead of macro quoting you can use the symget() function to retrieve the value of the macro variable.
count = countw(symget('temp'),',','mq');
THis works for me:
%let temp="A","B","C";
%let count = %sysfunc(countw("&temp", ","));
%put Number of elements = &count.;
Results:
8002 %put Number of elements = &count.;
Number of elements = 3
The %quote function might be helpful here to mask the quotation marks:
%let count = %sysfunc(countw(%quote(&temp), ","));
%put Number of elements = &count.;
Below is the code to create the dataset from exisitng datasets, where end and end8, end7 are macro variables, just wondering why add . at the end of the macro variables?
data tab4a_&end.;
set
mck_tab4a_&end8.
mck_raw.mck_tab4a_&end7.
run;
The dot marks the end of the macro variable. It is often used when macro text is combined with static text, e.g. in a filename, so that SAS knows where the macro variable ends. E.g.:
%let year=2017;
%let filename = &year._accounts.xlsx;
%put &filename;
Produces 2017_accounts.xlsx
Without the first dot, SAS will produce a warning message, because it will be looking for a macro variable called year_accounts. (It can't tell where the macro ends and the text starts).
If there is a space or an end of statement after the macro variable then the dot can be omitted. Including the dot has no effect in this case. Some people think it is good to always include the dot.
It's used to denote the end of a macro variable. This is important when you're mixing macro variables and text.
For example:
%let my_var = TEST;
%let my_var_new = WRONG;
%put &my_var._new;
%put &my_var_new.;
OUTPUT:
58 %let my_var = TEST;
59 %let my_var_new = WRONG;
60 %put &my_var._new;
TEST_new
61 %put &my_var_new.;
WRONG
How does the macro processor know if the macro variable is my_var or my_var_new? The period tells SAS where the macro variable ends.
Including the dot also turns the macro variable green in the editor which helps for reading and debugging code.
I want to replace one combination of text with another. For example
data test;
a='raja\ram{work}italic';
if index(a,'\') then b=tranwrd(a,'\','\\');
if index(a,'{') then b=tranwrd(a,'{','\{');
if index(a,'}') then b=tranwrd(a,'}','\}');
if index(upcase(a),'ITALIC') then b=tranwrd(a,substr(a,index(upcase(a),'ITALIC'),length('ITALIC')),'\i');
run;
Required Result: b=raja\\ram\{work\}\i;
These kind of combination I wanted to replace. I'm not interested to use a macro or FCMP or if else condition.
Is there any function to do all at once? I tried to use a Perl expression that also working for one at a time b= prxchange('s/\\/\\\\/', -1, a)
Your regular expression is on the right track. You have a set of characters, right, you want to always prepend a \ to? So search for (one of that set of characters), which you do with [...], and then add a \ to it, using a capturing group. That's the escape character, so you have to add two any time you want to use one (\\ escapes itself to \).
data test;
a='Hello\Goodbye{stuff}';
b= prxchange('s/([\\{}])/\\$1/',-1,a);
put b=;
run;
You should do the italic bit in a second expression (or just use tranwrd). That's a totally different replacement and while theoretically possible to put in one, would make it too messy.
This question is almost identical to the other question: Multiple search and replace within a string through regular expression in SAS
Is that a coincidence?
Here is the code that worked for the other question.
%let text = abc\pqr{work};
data _null_;
var=prxchange("s/\\/\\\\/",-1,"&text");
var=prxchange("s/\{/\\\{/",-1,var);
var=prxchange("s/\}/\\\}/",-1,var);
put var;
run;
Result: abc\\pqr\{work\};
%let text = BOLD\ITALIC\ITALICBOLD\BOLDITALIC\B\I\IB\BI;
data _null_;
var=prxchange("s/BOLD/b/",-1,"&text");
var=prxchange("s/ITALIC/i/",-1,var);
var=lowcase(var);
put var;
run;
RESULT: b\i\ib\bi\b\i\ib\bi