I have a dictionary in which I want to read each individual key backwards until it reaches the underscore. Once it reaches the underscore, it should stop so I can set its item equal to a new variable.
I understand that I can use str.partition() to seperate at a certain character and that I can use [::-1] to read a string backwards, but I am not sure how to use them together with a dictionary.
Payload_Values = {'Voltage_asleep(V)' : 10, 'Current_asleep(A)' : 5, 'Wattage_asleep' : 50}
for c in (Payload_Values.keys())
Payload_Values.partition(_)
You need to iterate a dict with keys() or items(), not iteritems(), in Python3 you need to convert these iterators to lists, otherwise it results an error if you add new element to the dict while iterating (I am just mentioning, this was ok in your example). Otherwise, you are close to the solution. I just do not understand completely, what do you want to do with the key? Print it? Take the part after the last underscore? Set a new key-value pair? Without knowing this, I am trying to present all combinations, please ask more specific if you need something else:
# this is because Python3 compatibility:
from __future__ import print_function
from future.utils import iteritems
for key, val in iteritems(Payload_Values):
# new key is the part after the last underscore
# or the whole string, if it does not contain underscore:
new_key = key.split('_')[-1]
# new key is the elements separated by `_`, reversed
# and rearranged to a string:
key_rev = '_'.join(key.split('_')[::-1])
# new key is the complete string reversed:
new_key = key[::-1]
#
# set a new element with the new key:
Payload_Values[new_key] = 'your new value'
# print the new key:
print(new_key)
# if you want to modify the dict in this loop:
for key, val in list(Payload_Values.items()):
# ...
Payload_Values[some_key] = some_value
Related
For some reason my list doesn't get printed completely, but only word by word each time I run the script.
import random
passwords = ['test', 'password', 'heslo', 'lol']
var = random.choice(passwords).split()
for word in var:
print word
I wish the for loop to print my whole list in randomized order each time I run my script. Upon removing random.choice it works, but list is not randomized.
The issue is that choice only selects a single random element from the list. I believe you meant to use shuffle instead. shuffle randomizes in-place the order of the list passed to it:
import random
passwords = ['test', 'password', 'heslo', 'lol']
# Randomize the order of the list
random.shuffle(passwords)
for word in passwords:
print word
This will alter passwords. If you want the original list to remain unaltered, make a copy of it first:
pass_copy = passwords[:] # Slice copy
random.shuffle(pass_copy)
for word in pass_copy:
print word
I'm having trouble converting my working code from lists to dictionaries. The basics of the code checks a file name for any keywords within the list.
But I'm having a tough time understanding dictionaries to convert it. I am trying to pull the name of each key and compare it to the file name like I did with lists and tuples. Here is a mock version of what i was doing.
fname = "../crazyfdsfd/fds/ss/rabbit.txt"
hollow = "SFV"
blank = "2008"
empty = "bender"
# things is list
things = ["sheep", "goat", "rabbit"]
# other is tuple
other = ("sheep", "goat", "rabbit")
#stuff is dictionary
stuff = {"sheep": 2, "goat": 5, "rabbit": 6}
try:
print(type(things), "things")
for i in things:
if i in fname:
hollow = str(i)
print(hollow)
if hollow == things[2]:
print("PERFECT")
except:
print("c-c-c-combo breaker")
print("\n \n")
try:
print(type(other), "other")
for i in other:
if i in fname:
blank = str(i)
print(blank)
if blank == other[2]:
print("Yes. You. Can.")
except:
print("THANKS OBAMA")
print("\n \n")
try:
print(type(stuff), "stuff")
for i in stuff: # problem loop
if i in fname:
empty = str(i)
print(empty)
if empty == stuff[2]: # problem line
print("Shut up and take my money!")
except:
print("CURSE YOU ZOIDBERG!")
I am able to get a full run though the first two examples, but I cannot get the dictionary to run without its exception. The loop is not converting empty into stuff[2]'s value. Leaving money regrettably in fry's pocket. Let me know if my example isn't clear enough for what I am asking. The dictionary is just short cutting counting lists and adding files to other variables.
A dictionary is an unordered collection that maps keys to values. If you define stuff to be:
stuff = {"sheep": 2, "goat": 5, "rabbit": 6}
You can refer to its elements with:
stuff['sheep'], stuff['goat'], stuff['rabbit']
stuff[2] will result in a KeyError, because the key 2 is not found in your dictionary. You can't compare a string with the last or 3rd value of a dictionary, because the dictionary is not stored in an ordered sequence (the internal ordering is based on hashing). Use a list or tuple for an ordered sequence - if you need to compare to the last item.
If you want to traverse a dictionary, you can use this as a template:
for k, v in stuff.items():
if k == 'rabbit':
# do something - k will be 'rabbit' and v will be 6
If you want to check to check the keys in a dictionary to see if they match part of a string:
for k in stuff.keys():
if k in fname:
print('found', k)
Some other notes:
The KeyError would be much easier to notice... if you took out your try/except blocks. Hiding python errors from end-users can be useful. Hiding that information from YOU is a bad idea - especially when you're debugging an initial pass at code.
You can compare to the last item in a list or tuple with:
if hollow == things[-1]:
if that is what you're trying to do.
In your last loop: empty == str(i) needs to be empty = str(i).
I have a rather large dictionary right now that is set up like this:
largedict = {'journalname':{code: 2065},'journalname1':{code: 3055}}
and so on and so on. And another dictionary:
codes = {3055: 'medicine',3786: 'sciences'}
And I want to loop through largedict, compare it's code value to the keys in codes. Then either add all journalname key/value pairs that match the code to a different dictionary, or delete all that don't from largedict.
new_dic = {journal_name : journal_body for journal_name, journal_body in largedict.items() if journal_body["code"] in codes}
I am trying to populate a list in Python3 with 3 random items being read from a file using REGEX, however i keep getting duplicate items in the list.
Here is an example.
import re
import random as rn
data = '/root/Desktop/Selenium[FILTERED].log'
with open(data, 'r') as inFile:
index = inFile.read()
URLS = re.findall(r'https://www\.\w{1,10}\.com/view\?i=\w{1,20}', index)
list_0 = []
for i in range(3):
list_0.append(URLS[rn.randint(1, 30)])
inFile.close()
for i in range(len(list_0)):
print(list_0[i])
What would be the cleanest way to prevent duplicate items being appended to the list?
(EDIT)
This is the code that i think has done the job quite well.
def random_sample(data):
r_e = ['https://www\.\w{1,10}\.com/view\?i=\w{1,20}', '..']
with open(data, 'r') as inFile:
urls = re.findall(r'%s' % r_e[0], inFile.read())
x = list(set(urls))
inFile.close()
return x
data = '/root/Desktop/[TEMP].log'
sample = random_sample(data)
for i in range(3):
print(sample[i])
Unordered collection with no duplicate entries.
Use the builtin random.sample.
random.sample(population, k)
Return a k length list of unique elements chosen from the population sequence or set.
Used for random sampling without replacement.
Addendum
After seeing your edit, it looks like you've made things much harder than they have to be. I've wired a list of URLS in the following, but the source doesn't matter. Selecting the (guaranteed unique) subset is essentially a one-liner with random.sample:
import random
# the following two lines are easily replaced
URLS = ['url1', 'url2', 'url3', 'url4', 'url5', 'url6', 'url7', 'url8']
SUBSET_SIZE = 3
# the following one-liner yields the randomized subset as a list
urlList = [URLS[i] for i in random.sample(range(len(URLS)), SUBSET_SIZE)]
print(urlList) # produces, e.g., => ['url7', 'url3', 'url4']
Note that by using len(URLS) and SUBSET_SIZE, the one-liner that does the work is not hardwired to the size of the set nor the desired subset size.
Addendum 2
If the original list of inputs contains duplicate values, the following slight modification will fix things for you:
URLS = list(set(URLS)) # this converts to a set for uniqueness, then back for indexing
urlList = [URLS[i] for i in random.sample(range(len(URLS)), SUBSET_SIZE)]
Or even better, because it doesn't need two conversions:
URLS = set(URLS)
urlList = [u for u in random.sample(URLS, SUBSET_SIZE)]
seen = set(list_0)
randValue = URLS[rn.randint(1, 30)]
# [...]
if randValue not in seen:
seen.add(randValue)
list_0.append(randValue)
Now you just need to check list_0 size is equal to 3 to stop the loop.
Having the following HTML code:
<span class="warning" id ="warning">WARNING:</span>
For an object accessible by XPAth:
.//*[#id='unlink']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/span
How can one count its attributes (class, id) by means of Selenium WebDriver + Python 2.7, without actually knowing their names?
I'm expecting something like count = 2.
Got it! This should work for div, span, img, p and many other basic elements.
element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath) #Locate the element.
outerHTML = element.get_attribute("outerHTML") #Get its HTML
innerHTML = element.get_attribute("innerHTML") #See where its inner content starts
if len(innerHTML) > 0: # Let's make this work for input as well
innerHTML = innerHTML.strip() # Strip whitespace around inner content
toTrim = outerHTML.index(innerHTML) # Get the index of the first part, before the inner content
# In case of moste elements, this is what we care about
rightString = outerHTML[:toTrim]
else:
# We seem to have something like <input class="bla" name="blabla"> which is good
rightString = outerHTML
# Ie: <span class="something" id="somethingelse">
strippedString = rightString.strip() # Remove whitespace, if any
rightTrimmedString = strippedString.rstrip('<>') #
leftTrimmedString = rightTrimmedString.lstrip('</>') # Remove the <, >, /, chars.
rawAttributeArray = leftTrimmedString.split(' ') # Create an array of:
# [span, id = "something", class="somethingelse"]
curatedAttributeArray = [] # This is where we put the good values
iterations = len(rawAttributeArray)
for x in range(iterations):
if "=" in rawAttributeArray[x]: #We want the attribute="..." pairs
curatedAttributeArray.append(rawAttributeArray[x]) # and add them to a list
numberOfAttributes = len(curatedAttributeArray) #Let's see what we got
print numberOfAttributes # There we go
I hope this helps.
Thanks,
R.
P.S. This could be further enhanced, like stripping whitespace together with <, > or /.
It's not going to be easy.
Every element has a series of implicit attributes as well as the ones explicitly defined (for example selected, disabled, etc). As a result the only way I can think to do it would be to get a reference to the parent and then use a JavaScript executor to get the innerHTML:
document.getElementById('{ID of element}').innerHTML
You would then have to parse what is returned by innerHTML to extract out individual elements and then once you have isolated the element that you are interested in you would again have to parse that element to extract out a list of attributes.