Copy one channel data to another channel in Opencv - c++

how can I copy red channel value of a mat image to blue channel using opencv.
Thanks in advance.

cv::Mat Image =cv::imread("image.jpg");
uint8_t * orig_ptr = (uint8_t*)Image.data;
for (int y = 0; y < Image.rows; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < Image.cols; x++)
{
int R = orig_ptr[x * 3 + y*Image.step + 2];
orig_ptr[x * 3 + y*Image.step + 1] = R;
orig_ptr[x * 3 + y*Image.step] = R;
}
}

Related

Scale image in C++ with OpenCV but not using pyrDown() nor pyrUp() functions

Hello I'm trying to scale x2 an image to decrease or increase it, but I am not allowed to call the pyr functions in the code. Here's what I have so far for decreasing the image:
cv::Mat Pyramid::calcPyramid(cv::Mat image)
{
int channels = image.channels();
int rows = image.rows;
int cols = image.cols*image.channels();
cv::Mat calculada(image.rows/2, image.cols/2, CV_8UC3);
uchar* prixelPtr = (uchar*)image.data;
for(int iRows = 0; iRows < rows; iRows++)
{
for(int iCols=0; iCols < cols; iCols++)
{
uchar blue = prixelPtr[ 2*iRows*image.cols*channels + 2*iCols*channels + 0];
uchar green = prixelPtr[ 2*iRows*image.cols*channels + 2*iCols*channels + 1];
uchar red = prixelPtr[ 2*iRows*image.cols*channels + 2*iCols*channels + 2];
calculada.at<cv::Vec3b>(iRows, iCols)[0] = blue;
calculada.at<cv::Vec3b>(iRows, iCols)[1] = green;
calculada.at<cv::Vec3b>(iRows, iCols)[2] = red;
}
}
return calculada;
}
The error I'm getting on the terminal is: Segmentation fault (core dumped). How can I fix the code?
Thanks!
The code is simple:
src and dst must be separate images, not the same matrix.
void pyrDown(cv::Mat& src, cv::Mat& dst)
{
dst = cv::Mat(src.rows / 2, src.cols / 2, CV_8UC3);
for (int i = 0; i < src.rows/2; ++i)
{
for (int j = 0; j < src.cols/2; ++ j)
{
// sample 4 points from source image
cv::Vec3f p11 = src.at<cv::Vec3b>(i * 2, j * 2);
cv::Vec3f p12 = src.at<cv::Vec3b>(i * 2, j * 2+1);
cv::Vec3f p21 = src.at<cv::Vec3b>(i * 2+1, j * 2);
cv::Vec3f p22 = src.at<cv::Vec3b>(i * 2+1, j * 2+1);
// find mean (we want to keep as much information as possible)
cv::Vec3f p_dst = (p11 + p12 + p21 + p22) / 4.0f;
// put result to destination image
dst.at<cv::Vec3b>(i, j) = p_dst;
}
}
}
But it would be great to add boundary checking conditions, hope you'll manage it :)

How to set OpenCV Mat as Tensorflow Lite input and output?

I'm trying to use GPU Delegate in Tensorflow Lite on iOS. My model has inputs and outputs as OpenCV BGR image ([258, 540, 3]). How can I set inputs and outputs in C++ tensorflow lite interpreter? I tried to use this code
int input = interpreter->inputs()[0];
float* out = interpreter->typed_tensor<float>(input);
NSData* slicedData = [self inputDataFromCvMat:slicedImage];
uint8_t* in = (uint8_t*) slicedData.bytes;
ProcessInputWithFloatModel(in, out, WIDTH, HEIGHT, CHANNELS);
void ProcessInputWithFloatModel(uint8_t* input, float* buffer, int image_width, int image_height, int image_channels) {
for (int y = 0; y < wanted_input_height; ++y) {
float* out_row = buffer + (y * wanted_input_width * wanted_input_channels);
for (int x = 0; x < wanted_input_width; ++x) {
const int in_x = (y * image_width) / wanted_input_width;
const int in_y = (x * image_height) / wanted_input_height;
uint8_t* input_pixel =
input + (in_y * image_width * image_channels) + (in_x * image_channels);
float* out_pixel = out_row + (x * wanted_input_channels);
for (int c = 0; c < wanted_input_channels; ++c) {
out_pixel[c] = (input_pixel[c] - input_mean) / input_std;
}
}
}
}
- (NSData *)inputDataFromCvMat:(Mat)image {
NSMutableData *inputData = [[NSMutableData alloc] initWithCapacity:0];
for (int row = 0; row < HEIGHT + 10; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < WIDTH + 10; col++) {
Vec3b intensity = image.at<Vec3b>(row, col);
int blue = intensity.val[0];
int green = intensity.val[1];
int red = intensity.val[2];
// we need to put pixel values in BGR (model was trained with opencv)
[inputData appendBytes:&blue length:sizeof(blue)];
[inputData appendBytes:&green length:sizeof(green)];
[inputData appendBytes:&red length:sizeof(red)];
}
}
return inputData;
}
but I don't know what is wrong
After some research, I managed to get it working
const int wanted_input_width = 258;
const int wanted_input_height = 540;
const int wanted_input_channels = 3;
Mat image = ...
// write to input
int input = interpreter->inputs()[0];
float* out = interpreter->typed_tensor<float>(input);
uint8_t* in = image.ptr<uint8_t>(0);
ProcessInputWithFloatModel(in, out);
// run interpreter
if (interpreter->Invoke() != kTfLiteOk) {
LOG(FATAL) << "Failed to invoke!";
}
// get output
int output_idx = interpreter->outputs()[0];
float* output = interpreter->typed_output_tensor<float>(output_idx);
Mat outputMat = ProcessOutputWithFloatModel(output);
/// Preprocess the input image and feed the TFLite interpreter buffer for a float model.
void ProcessInputWithFloatModel(uint8_t* input, float* buffer) {
for (int y = 0; y < wanted_input_height; ++y) {
float* out_row = buffer + (y * wanted_input_width * wanted_input_channels);
for (int x = 0; x < wanted_input_width; ++x) {
uint8_t* input_pixel = input + (y * wanted_input_width * wanted_input_channels) + (x * wanted_input_channels);
float* out_pixel = out_row + (x * wanted_input_channels);
for (int c = 0; c < wanted_input_channels; ++c) {
out_pixel[c] = input_pixel[c] / 255.0f;
}
}
}
}
Mat ProcessOutputWithFloatModel(float* input) {
cv::Mat image = cv::Mat::zeros(wanted_input_height, wanted_input_width, CV_8UC3);
for (int y = 0; y < wanted_input_height; ++y) {
for (int x = 0; x < wanted_input_width; ++x) {
float* input_pixel = input + (y * wanted_input_width * wanted_input_channels) + (x * wanted_input_channels);
cv::Vec3b & color = image.at<cv::Vec3b>(cv::Point(x, y));
color[0] = (uchar) floor(input_pixel[0] * 255.0f);
color[1] = (uchar) floor(input_pixel[1] * 255.0f);
color[2] = (uchar) floor(input_pixel[2] * 255.0f);
}
}
return image;
}

What is the difference between kmeans and cvKMeans2 algorithms in OpenCV?

I want to find dominant N colors on the picture. For this purpose I decided to use KMeans algorithm. My project written on C, that is way I used cvKMeans2 algorithm. But it gives me very strange results. Then I decided to try kmeans algorithm on OpenCV C++. It gives me more accurate results. So, where is my fault? Could someone explain it to me?
1. I used this image for test.
2. Implementation on C.
#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>
#define CLUSTERS 3
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
const char *filename = "test_12.jpg";
IplImage *tmp = cvLoadImage(filename);
if (!tmp) {
return -1;
}
IplImage *src = cvCloneImage(tmp);
cvCvtColor(tmp, src, CV_BGR2RGB);
CvMat *samples = cvCreateMat(src->height * src->width, 3, CV_32F);
for (int i = 0; i < samples->height; i++) {
samples->data.fl[i * 3 + 0] = (uchar) src->imageData[i * 3 + 0];
samples->data.fl[i * 3 + 1] = (uchar) src->imageData[i * 3 + 1];
samples->data.fl[i * 3 + 2] = (uchar) src->imageData[i * 3 + 2];
}
CvMat *labels = cvCreateMat(samples->height, 1, CV_32SC1);
CvMat *centers = cvCreateMat(CLUSTERS, 3, CV_32FC1);
int flags = 0;
int attempts = 5;
cvKMeans2(samples, CLUSTERS, labels,
cvTermCriteria(CV_TERMCRIT_ITER | CV_TERMCRIT_EPS, 10000, 0.005),
attempts, 0, flags, centers);
int rows = 40;
int cols = 300;
IplImage *des = cvCreateImage(cvSize(cols, rows), 8, 3);
int part = 4000;
int r = 0;
int u = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < 300; ++y) {
for (int x = 0; x < 40; ++x) {
if (u >= part) {
r++;
part = (r + 1) * part;
}
des->imageData[(300 * x + y) * 3 + 0] = static_cast<char>(centers->data.fl[r * 3 + 0]);
des->imageData[(300 * x + y) * 3 + 1] = static_cast<char>(centers->data.fl[r * 3 + 1]);
des->imageData[(300 * x + y) * 3 + 2] = static_cast<char>(centers->data.fl[r * 3 + 2]);
u++;
}
}
IplImage *dominant_colors = cvCloneImage(des);
cvCvtColor(des, dominant_colors, CV_BGR2RGB);
cvNamedWindow("dominant_colors", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
cvShowImage("dominant_colors", dominant_colors);
cvWaitKey(0);
cvDestroyWindow("dominant_colors");
cvReleaseImage(&src);
cvReleaseImage(&des);
cvReleaseMat(&labels);
cvReleaseMat(&samples);
return 0;
}
3. Implementation on C++.
#include <cv.h>
#include <opencv/cv.hpp>
#define CLUSTERS 3
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
const cv::Mat &tmp = cv::imread("test_12.jpg");
cv::Mat src;
cv::cvtColor(tmp, src, CV_BGR2RGB);
cv::Mat samples(src.rows * src.cols, 3, CV_32F);
for (int y = 0; y < src.rows; y++)
for (int x = 0; x < src.cols; x++)
for (int z = 0; z < 3; z++)
samples.at<float>(y + x * src.rows, z) = src.at<cv::Vec3b>(y, x)[z];
int attempts = 5;
cv::Mat labels;
cv::Mat centers;
kmeans(samples, CLUSTERS, labels, cv::TermCriteria(CV_TERMCRIT_ITER | CV_TERMCRIT_EPS, 1000, 0.005),
attempts, cv::KMEANS_PP_CENTERS, centers);
cv::Mat colors(cv::Size(CLUSTERS * 100, 30), tmp.type());
int p = 100;
int cluster_id = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < CLUSTERS * 100; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < 30; y++) {
if (x >= p) {
cluster_id++;
p = (cluster_id + 1) * 100;
}
colors.at<cv::Vec3b>(y, x)[0] = static_cast<uchar>(centers.at<float>(cluster_id, 0));
colors.at<cv::Vec3b>(y, x)[1] = static_cast<uchar>(centers.at<float>(cluster_id, 1));
colors.at<cv::Vec3b>(y, x)[2] = static_cast<uchar>(centers.at<float>(cluster_id, 2));
}
}
cv::Mat dominant_colors;
cv::cvtColor(colors, dominant_colors, CV_RGB2BGR);
cv::imshow("dominant_colors", dominant_colors);
cv::waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
4. Result of code on C.
5. Result of code on C++.
I found my mistake. It is related to IplImage's widthStep field. As I read here widthStep gets padded up to a multiple of 4 for performance reasons. If widthStep is equal to 30 it will padded up to 32.
int h = src->height;
int w = src->width;
int c = 3;
int delta = 0;
for (int i = 0, y = 0; i < h; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < w; ++j) {
for (int k = 0; k < c; ++k, y++) {
samples->data.fl[i * w * c + c * j + k] = (uchar) src->imageData[delta + i * w * c + c * j + k];
}
}
delta += src->widthStep - src->width * src->nChannels;
}
With pointers
for (int x = 0, i = 0; x < src->height; ++x) {
auto *ptr = (uchar *) (src->imageData + x * src->widthStep);
for (int y = 0; y < src->width; ++y, i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
samples->data.fl[i * 3 + j] = ptr[3 * y + j];
}
}
}

OpenCV Mat to array access

I have problem with access to data from Mat.data. I perform operations on picture and I need access to every pixel separately.
I have to necessairly operate on simple types (float, int etc).
The way I am accesing data is like below:
for (int idx = 0; idx < image.rows; idx++) {
for (int idy = 0; idy < image.cols; idy++) {
int color_tid = idx * image.cols * image.channels() + idy * image.channels();
uint8_t blue = image.data[color_tid];
uint8_t green = image.data[color_tid + 1];
uint8_t red = image.data[color_tid + 2];
float pixelVal = (int) blue + (int) green + (int) red;
(...)
}
}
This approach is working correctly only to square images (NxN pixels), but for NxM there are anomalies outside the square area (smaller edge).
Do anyone know any other way to acces data of the picture Mat?
Example image (correct result):
anomalies (my problem)
I recommend to follow the data layout in a Mat
so your loop becomes:
for (int r = 0; r < img.rows; ++r)
{
for (int c = 0; c < img.cols; ++c)
{
uchar* ptr = img.data + img.step[0] * r + img.step[1] * c;
uchar blue = ptr[0];
uchar green = ptr[1];
uchar red = ptr[2];
float pixelVal = blue + green + red;
}
}
You can eventually perform a little less operations like:
for (int r = 0; r < img.rows; ++r)
{
uchar* pt = img.data + img.step[0] * r;
for (int c = 0; c < img.cols; ++c)
{
uchar* ptr = pt + img.step[1] * c;
uchar blue = ptr[0];
uchar green = ptr[1];
uchar red = ptr[2];
float pixelVal = blue + green + red;
}
}
The code in your question contains a few flaws:
rows and columns are swapped (row is Y, column is X)
step size between rows (aka "stride") does not always equal to the number of columns
Using Mat::at<> makes the code much simpler:
for(int row = 0; row < image.rows; ++row)
{
for(int col = 0; col < image.cols; ++col)
{
const Vec3b& pt = image.at<Vec3b>(row, col);
float pixelVal = pt[0] + pt[1] + pt[2];
...
}
}

How to "Padding" Image in C++

I am running for displaying RGB image from raw in C++ without any library. When I input the square image (e.g: 512x512), my program can display the image perfectly, but it does not in not_square size image (e.g: 350x225). I understand that I need padding for this case, then I tried to find the same case but it didn't make sense for me how people can pad their image.
If anyone can show me how to pad, I would be thanks for this. And below is what I have done for RGB from Raw.
void CImage_MyClass::Class_MakeRGB(void)
{
m_BMPheader.biHeight = m_uiHeight;
m_BMPheader.biWidth = m_uiWidth;
m_pcBMP = new UCHAR[m_uiHeight * m_uiWidth * 3];
//RGB Image
{
int ind = 0;
for (UINT y = 0; y < m_uiHeight; y++)
{
for (UINT x = 0; x < m_uiHeight*3; x+=3)
{
m_pcBMP[ind++] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y -1][x+2];
m_pcBMP[ind++] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y -1][x+1];
m_pcBMP[ind++] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y -1][x];
}
}
}
}
You need to pad the number of bytes in each line out to a multiple of 4.
void CImage_MyClass::Class_MakeRGB(void)
{
m_BMPheader.biHeight = m_uiHeight;
m_BMPheader.biWidth = m_uiWidth;
//Pad buffer width to next highest multiple of 4
const int bmStride = m_uiWidth * 3 + 3 & ~3;
m_pcBMP = new UCHAR[m_uiHeight * bmStride];
//Clear buffer so the padding bytes are 0
memset(m_pcBMP, 0, m_uiHeight * bmStride);
//RGB Image
{
for(UINT y = 0; y < m_uiHeight; y++)
{
for(UINT x = 0; x < m_uiWidth * 3; x += 3)
{
const int bmpPos = y * bmWidth + x;
m_pcBMP[bmpPos + 0] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y - 1][x + 2];
m_pcBMP[bmpPos + 1] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y - 1][x + 1];
m_pcBMP[bmpPos + 2] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y - 1][x];
}
}
}
}
I also changed the inner for loop to use m_uiWidth instead of m_uiHeight.
#Retired Ninja, Thanks anyway for your answer... you showed me a simple way for this...
But by the way, I have fixed mine as well with different way.. here is it:
void CImage_MyClass::Class_MakeRGB(void)
{
m_BMPheader.biHeight = m_uiHeight;
m_BMPheader.biWidth = m_uiWidth;
int padding = 0;
int scanline = m_uiWidth * 3;
while ( ( scanline + padding ) % 4 != 0 )
{
padding++;
}
int psw = scanline + padding;
m_pcBMP = new UCHAR[m_uiHeight * m_uiWidth * 3 + m_uiHeight * padding];
//RGB Image
int ind = 0;
for (UINT y = 0; y < m_uiHeight; y++)
{
for (UINT x = 0; x < m_uiHeight*3; x+=3)
{
m_pcBMP[ind++] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y -1][x+2];
m_pcBMP[ind++] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y -1][x+1];
m_pcBMP[ind++] = m_pcIBuff[m_uiHeight - y -1][x];
}
for(int i = 0; i < padding; i++)
ind++;
}
}