My variable is '123 - How to convert char with substring'.
The result I need to get is a variable 123 with numeric type.
Substring(myvariable,1,3) How to get it numeric? Thank you!
my_var_numeric = input(substr(my_var, 1, 3), 8.);
Here is another option. This one will keep only numbers regardless of its length or position in the string.
data w;
string = '1230 - How to convert char with substring';
number = input(compress(string,'0123456789','k'),best.);
output;
run;
Related
i have a long text string in SAS, and a value is within it of variable length but is always proceeded by a '#' and then ends with ' ,'
is there a way i can extract this and store as a new variable please?
e.g:
word word, word, #12.34, word, word
And i want to get the 12.34
Thanks!
Double scan should also work if you only have a single #:
data _null_;
var1 = 'word word, word, #12.34, word, word';
var2 = scan(scan(var1,2,'#'),1,',');
put var2=;
run;
You can make use of the substr and index functions to do this. The index function returns the first position of the character specified.
data _null_;
var1 = 'word word, word, #12.34, word, word';
pos1 = index(var1,'#'); *Get the position of the first # sign;
tmp = substr(var1,pos1+1); *Create a string that returns only characters after the # sign;
put tmp;
pos2 = index(tmp,','); *Get the position of the first "," in the tmp variable;
var2 = substr(tmp,1,pos2-1);
put var2;
run;
Note that this method only works if there is only one "#" in the string.
One way is to use index to locate the two 'sentinels' delimiting the value and retrieve the innards with substr. If the value is supposed to be numeric, an additional use of input function is needed.
A second way is to use a regular expression routines prxmatch and prxposn to locate and extract the embedded value.
data have;
input;
longtext = _infile_;
datalines;
some thing #12.34, wicked
#, oops
#5a64, oops
# oops
oops ,
oops #
ok #1234,
who wants be a #1e6,aire
space # , the final frontier
double #12, jeopardy #34, alex
run;
data want;
set have;
* locate with index;
_p1 = index(longtext,'#');
if _p1 then _p2 = index(substr(longtext,_p1),',');
if _p2 > 2 then num_in_text = input (substr(longtext,_p1+1,_p2-2), ?? best.);
* locate with regular expression;
if _n_ = 1 then _rx = prxparse('/#(\d*\.?\d*)?,/'); retain _rx;
if prxmatch(_rx,longtext) then do;
call prxposn(_rx,1,_start,_length);
if _length > 0 then num_in_text_2 = input (substr(longtext,_start, _length), ?? best.);
end;
* drop _: ;
run;
The regex way looks for ##.## variants, the index way looks only for #...,. Then input function will decipher scientific notation values the regex (example pattern)way will not 'locate'. The ?? option in the input function prevents invalid arguments NOTE:s in the log when the enclosed value can not be parsed as a number.
Another way to do is by using Regex and code is given below
data have;
infile datalines truncover ;
input var $200.;
datalines;
word word, word, #12.34, word, word
word1 #12.34, hello hi hello hi
word1 #970000 hello hi hello hi #970022, hi
word1 123, hello hi hello hi #97.99
#99456, this is cool
;
A small note about below regular expression and functions
(?<=#) Zero-width positive look-behind assertion and looking for # before the pattern of interest
(\d+.?\d+) here means digit followed or not followed by . and other digits
(?=,) Zero-width positive look-ahead assertion and looking for , after the pattern of interest
call prxsubstr finds the position and length of pattern and substr extracts the required values.
data want( drop=pattern position length);
retain pattern;
IF _N_ = 1 THEN PATTERN = PRXPARSE("/(?<=#)(\d+\.?\d+)(?=,)/");
set have;
call prxsubstr(pattern, var, position, length);
if position then
match = substr(var, position, length);
run;
if you want to get really lazy you can just do
want = compress(have,".","kd");
Supposed I have two strings to convert from SAS program name to table number.
My goal is to convert the first "f-2-2-7-5-vcb" to "2.2.7.5".
And this should be done dynamically. Like for "f-2-2-12-1-2-hbd87q",
it needed to be "2.2.12.1.2" .
How to accomplish this?
data input;
input str $ 1-20;
datalines;
f-2-3-1-5-vcb
f-2-4-1-6-rtg
f-2-3-11-1-3-hb17
;
run;
data want;
set input;
Sub=compress(substr(str,3,length(str)),,'kd') ;
run;
Bit of a longer way, but this works fine for me.
Use FIND() to find the first '-'
Use REVERSE() and FIND() to find the
last '-'
Use SUBSTR() and metrics + math from above to remove the first and
last components
Use TRANSLATE() to convert the - to periods.
z=find(str, '-');
end=find(strip(reverse(str)), '-');
string = translate(substr(str, z+1, length(str) - z - end), ".", "-");
A regular expression can match the dash delimited digits only sequence. The match, when extracted, can be transformed using translate.
data input;
input str $ 1-20;
rx = prxparse ("/^.*?((\d+)(-\d+)*)/");
if prxmatch(rx,str) then do;
call prxposn (rx,1,s,e);
name = substr(str,s,e);
name = translate(name,'.','-');
end;
datalines;
f-2-3-1-5-vcb
f-2-4-1-6-rtg
f-2-3-11-1-3-hb17
funky2-2-1funky
f-2-hb17
a2bfunky
;
run;
A funky situation occurs if the digits only token sequence is preceded by a token ending with digits, or succeeded by a token starting with digits.
data input;
input str $ 1-20;
string=translate(prxchange('s/\w+?\-(.*)\-\w+/$1/',-1,strip(str)),'.','-');
datalines;
f-2-3-1-5-vcb
f-2-4-1-6-rtg
f-2-3-11-1-3-hb17
;
run;
You can do this in one line. Use subtr to keep the text between the second word and last word:
translate(substr(str,find(str,scan(str,2,'-')),find(str,scan(str,-1,'-'))-find(str,scan(str,2,'-'))-1),'.','-')
find(str,scan(str,2,'-') : finds the starting position of the second
word.
find(str,scan(str,-1,'-') : finds the starting position of the last
word.
step2 - find(str,scan(str,2,'-'))-1 : find ending position of second
last word (length of text to copy).
Translate function: replaces '-' with '.'
substr(str,step1,step3) : copy text between second word and second to last.
Code:
data want;
set input;
Sub=translate(substr(str,find(str,scan(str,2,'-')),find(str,scan(str,-1,'-'))-find(str,scan(str,2,'-'))-1),'.','-');
put _all_;
run;
Output:
str=f-2-3-1-5-vcb Sub=2.3.1.5
str=f-2-4-1-6-rtg Sub=2.4.1.6
str=f-2-3-11-1-3-hb17 Sub=2.3.11.1.3
I'm new in this field, and try to use prxmatch and rxmatch to match some strings.
The pattern is a., which matches a string with more than 2 characters and a isn't the last one.
I run prxmatch('/a./', 'a') and rxmatch('/a./', 'a'), the result should be 0. But the system returns me 1.
So how can I get 0 in this case?
If you write a MCVE for this, you do get no match.
data test;
x='a';
rc=prxmatch('~a.~',x);
put x= rc=;
run;
However, if x is not length 1, it will match!
data test;
length x $5;
x='a';
rc=prxmatch('~a.~',x);
put x= rc=;
run;
Why?
Because in SAS, strings are not varchar, they are char. They have spaces padding the rest of the string out to its full length. So you would need to do either
data test;
length x $5;
x='a';
rc=prxmatch('~a[^ ]~',x);
put x= rc=;
run;
or, better,
data test;
length x $5;
x='a';
rc=prxmatch('~a.~',trim(x));
put x= rc=;
run;
(Note, I use ~ for my regex delimiter - you're free to use slash, or any other character, for that, it makes no difference.)
I am trying to convert a character column to numeric and I have tried using:
var=input(var,Best12.);
var=var*1;
Both of them returned character columns, and there is only 1 warning message:
"Character values have been converted to numeric values at the places given by: (Line):(Column). 7132:4".
Is there another what to do this conversion inside SAS?
(my apologies if this is trivial)
Thanks!
What you're doing will work if you assign the result to a new variable:
data tmp;
char='1';
run;
data tmp;
set tmp;
num=char*1;
run;
proc contents; run;
I am creating a SAS dataset from a database that includes a VARCHAR(5) key field.
This field includes some entries that use all 5 characters and some that use fewer.
When I import this data, I would prefer to pad all the shorter entries out to use all five characters. For this example, I want to pad on the left with 0, the character zero. So, 114 would become 00114, ABCD would become 0ABCD, and EA222 would stay as it is.
I've attempted this with a simple data statement, but of course the following does not work:
data test;
set databaseinput;
format key $5.;
run;
I've tried to do this with a user-defined informat, but I don't think it's possible to specify the ranges correctly on character fields, per this SAS KB answer. Plus, I'm fairly sure proc format won't let me define the result dynamically in terms of the incoming variable.
I'm sure there's an obvious solution here, but I'm just missing it.
Here is an alternative:
data padded_data_dsn; length key $5;
drop raw_data;
set raw_data_dsn(rename=(key=raw_data));
key = translate(right(raw_data),'0',' ');
run;
Data raw_data_dsn;
format key $5.;
key = '4'; key1 = CATT(REPEAT('0',5-length(key)),key);output;
key = 'A114'; key1 = CATT(REPEAT('0',5-length(key)),key);output;
key = 'A1140'; key1 = CATT(REPEAT('0',5-length(key)),key);output;
run;
I'm sure someone will have a more elegant solution, but the following code works. Essentially it is padding the variable with five leading zeros, then reversing the order of this text string so that the zeros are to the right, then reversing this text string again and limiting the size to five characters, in the original order but left-padded with zeros.
data raw_data_dsn;
format key $varying5.;
key = '114'; output;
key = 'ABCD'; output;
key = 'EA222'; output;
run;
data padded_data_dsn;
format key $5.;
drop raw_data;
set raw_data_dsn(rename=(key=raw_data));
key = put(put('00000' || raw_data ,$revers10.),$revers5.);
run;
Here's what worked for me.
data b (keep = str2);
format str2 $5. ;
set a;
catlength = 4 - length(str);
cat = repeat('0', catlength);
str2 = catt(cat, str);
run;
It works by counting the length of the existing string, and then creating a cat string of length 4 - that, and then appending the cat value and the original string together.
Notice that it screws up if the original string is length 5.
Also - it won't work if the input string has a $5. format on it.
data a; /*input dataset*/
input str $;
datalines;
a
aa
aaa
aaaa
aaaaa
;
run;
data b (keep = str2);
format str2 $5. ;
set a;
catlength = 4 - length(str);
cat = repeat('0', catlength);
str2 = catt(cat, str);
run;
input:
a
aa
aaa
aaaa
aaaaa
output:
0000a
000aa
00aaa
0aaaa
0aaaa
I use this, but only works with numeric values :S. Try with another formats in the INPUT
data work.prueba;
format xx $5.;
xx='1234';
vv=PUT(INPUT(xx,best5.),z5.);
run;