Opengl: Rendering to a Win32 API context - c++

Question

I'm trying to create an opengl context (ogl 4.5 at least) and render to it; it works fine with SDL2 but I can't figure out why it doesn't with Win32: I'm trying the screen color to RGBA(1, 0, 0, 1) with glClearColor()/glClear, but nothing seems to happen. Here is my code:
--EDIT I updated the code as you suggested but still, nothing seems rendered; also the problem is not because of gl 3.x/4.x features because I initialized GLEW after having created a wiggle context
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
HGLRC ourOpenGLRenderingContext;
bool running = true;
int WinMain(__in HINSTANCE hInstance, __in_opt HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, __in_opt LPSTR lpCmdLine, __in int nShowCmd)
{
MSG msg = { 0 };
WNDCLASS wc = { 0 };
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_BACKGROUND);
wc.lpszClassName = L"oglversionchecksample";
wc.style = CS_OWNDC;
if (!RegisterClass(&wc))
return 1;
CreateWindowW(wc.lpszClassName, L"openglversioncheck",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 640, 480, 0, 0, hInstance, 0);
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) > 0)
DispatchMessage(&msg);
return 0;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
{
case WM_PAINT:
glViewport(0, 0, 100, 100); //render to a viewport of width (100; 100)
glClearColor(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
break;
case WM_CREATE:
{
PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd =
{
sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),
1,
PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER, //Flags
PFD_TYPE_RGBA, //The kind of framebuffer. RGBA or palette.
32, //Colordepth of the framebuffer.
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0,
0,
0,
0, 0, 0, 0,
24, //Number of bits for the depthbuffer
8, //Number of bits for the stencilbuffer
0, //Number of Aux buffers in the framebuffer.
PFD_MAIN_PLANE,
0,
0, 0, 0
};
HDC ourWindowHandleToDeviceContext = GetDC(hWnd);
int letWindowsChooseThisPixelFormat;
letWindowsChooseThisPixelFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(ourWindowHandleToDeviceContext, &pfd);
SetPixelFormat(ourWindowHandleToDeviceContext, letWindowsChooseThisPixelFormat, &pfd);
ourOpenGLRenderingContext = wglCreateContext(ourWindowHandleToDeviceContext);
wglMakeCurrent(ourWindowHandleToDeviceContext, ourOpenGLRenderingContext);
MessageBoxA(0, (char*)glGetString(GL_VERSION), "OPENGL VERSION", 0);
if(glewInit() != GLEW_OK) {
MessageBoxA(0, (char*)glGetString(GL_VERSION), "Error: Could not init OGL API (GLEW)", 0);
}
}
break;
case WM_CLOSE:
//quit code
wglDeleteContext(ourOpenGLRenderingContext);
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}

Answer 1

Creating a modern OpenGL rendering context in Windows takes a bit more effort. Essentially you first have to create a proxy context to load the necessary extensions, then you create the proper context using those. I wrote a small library that does the internal proxy context housekeeping behind the curtains and lets you get right to the core business without further ado: http://github.com/datenwolf/wglarb
For the sake of StackOverflow best practice of include code in answeres instead of linking here's the main implementation file (it's a mere 238 lines):
/*
Copyright (c) 2014 Wolfgang 'datenwolf' Draxinger
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include <GL/gl.h>
#include "wglarb.h"
#define wglarb_BuildAssert(cond) ((void)sizeof(char[1 - 2*!(cond)]))
static HANDLE wglarb_intermediary_mutex = NULL;
static DWORD wglarb_intermediary_lock(void)
{
wglarb_BuildAssert( sizeof(PVOID) == sizeof(HANDLE) );
if( !wglarb_intermediary_mutex ) {
/* Between testing for the validity of the mutex handle,
* creating a new mutex handle and using the interlocked
* exchange there is a race... */
/* //// START \\\\ */
HANDLE const new_mutex =
CreateMutex(NULL, TRUE, NULL);
HANDLE const dst_mutex =
InterlockedCompareExchangePointer(
&wglarb_intermediary_mutex,
new_mutex,
NULL );
/* //// FINISH \\\\ */
if( !dst_mutex ) {
/* mutex created in one time initialization and held
* by calling thread. Return signaled status. */
return WAIT_OBJECT_0;
}
/* In this case we lost the race and another thread
* beat this thread in creating a mutex object.
* Clean up and wait for the proper mutex. */
ReleaseMutex(new_mutex);
CloseHandle(new_mutex);
}
return WaitForSingleObject(wglarb_intermediary_mutex, INFINITE);
}
static BOOL wglarb_intermediary_unlock(void)
{
return ReleaseMutex(wglarb_intermediary_mutex);
}
#define WGLARB_INTERMEDIARY_CLASS "wglarb intermediary"
#define WGLARB_INTERMEDIARY_STYLE (WS_CLIPSIBLINGS|WS_CLIPCHILDREN)
#define WGLARB_INTERMEDIARY_EXSTYLE 0
static HWND wglarb_intermediary_hWnd = 0;
static BOOL wglarb_intermediary_create_Wnd(void)
{
HINSTANCE const hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
WNDCLASS wc;
memset(&wc,0,sizeof(wc));
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW|CS_OWNDC;
wc.lpfnWndProc = DefWindowProc;
wc.lpszClassName = WGLARB_INTERMEDIARY_CLASS;
RegisterClass(&wc);
wglarb_intermediary_hWnd =
CreateWindowEx(
WGLARB_INTERMEDIARY_EXSTYLE,
WGLARB_INTERMEDIARY_CLASS,
NULL,
WGLARB_INTERMEDIARY_STYLE,
0,0,0,0,
NULL,NULL,
hInstance,
NULL );
if( !wglarb_intermediary_hWnd ) {
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
static HDC wglarb_intermediary_hDC = 0;
static BOOL wglarb_intermediary_create_DC(void)
{
if( !wglarb_intermediary_hWnd
&& !wglarb_intermediary_create_Wnd() ) {
return FALSE;
}
wglarb_intermediary_hDC = GetDC(wglarb_intermediary_hWnd);
if( !wglarb_intermediary_hDC ) {
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
static HGLRC wglarb_intermediary_hRC = 0;
static BOOL wglarb_intermediary_create_RC(void)
{
if( !wglarb_intermediary_hDC
&& !wglarb_intermediary_create_DC() ) {
return FALSE;
}
PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
memset(&pfd,0,sizeof(pfd));
pfd.nSize = sizeof(pfd);
pfd.nVersion = 1;
pfd.dwFlags = PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL|PFD_GENERIC_ACCELERATED|PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW;
pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;
int iPF;
if( !(iPF = ChoosePixelFormat(wglarb_intermediary_hDC, &pfd))
|| !(SetPixelFormat(wglarb_intermediary_hDC, iPF, &pfd))
|| !(wglarb_intermediary_hRC = wglCreateContext(wglarb_intermediary_hDC))
) {
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
static BOOL wglarb_intermediary_makecurrent(HDC *hOrigDC, HGLRC *hOrigRC)
{
*hOrigDC = wglGetCurrentDC();
*hOrigRC = wglGetCurrentContext();
if( !wglarb_intermediary_hRC
&& !wglarb_intermediary_create_RC() ) {
return FALSE;
}
return wglMakeCurrent(wglarb_intermediary_hDC, wglarb_intermediary_hRC);
}
HGLRC WINAPI wglarb_CreateContextAttribsARB(
HDC hDC,
HGLRC hShareContext,
const int *attribList)
{
if( WAIT_OBJECT_0 != wglarb_intermediary_lock() ) {
return NULL;
}
HDC hOrigDC;
HGLRC hOrigRC;
if( !wglarb_intermediary_makecurrent(&hOrigDC, &hOrigRC) ) {
wglarb_intermediary_unlock();
return NULL;
}
PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC impl =
(PFNWGLCREATECONTEXTATTRIBSARBPROC)
wglGetProcAddress("wglCreateContextAttribsARB");
HGLRC ret = NULL;
if( impl ) {
ret = impl(hDC, hShareContext, attribList);
}
wglMakeCurrent(hOrigDC, hOrigRC);
wglarb_intermediary_unlock();
return ret;
}
BOOL WINAPI wglarb_ChoosePixelFormatARB(
HDC hdc,
const int *piAttribIList,
const FLOAT *pfAttribFList,
UINT nMaxFormats,
int *piFormats,
UINT *nNumFormats)
{
if( WAIT_OBJECT_0 != wglarb_intermediary_lock() ) {
return FALSE;
}
HDC hOrigDC;
HGLRC hOrigRC;
if( !wglarb_intermediary_makecurrent(&hOrigDC, &hOrigRC) ) {
wglarb_intermediary_unlock();
return FALSE;
}
PFNWGLCHOOSEPIXELFORMATARBPROC impl = NULL;
impl = (PFNWGLCHOOSEPIXELFORMATARBPROC)
wglGetProcAddress("wglChoosePixelFormatARB");
if( !impl ) {
/* WGL_EXT_pixel_format uses the same function prototypes
* as the WGL_ARB_pixel_format extension */
impl = (PFNWGLCHOOSEPIXELFORMATARBPROC)
wglGetProcAddress("wglChoosePixelFormatEXT");
}
BOOL ret = FALSE;
if( impl ) {
ret = impl(
hdc,
piAttribIList,
pfAttribFList,
nMaxFormats,
piFormats,
nNumFormats );
}
wglMakeCurrent(hOrigDC, hOrigRC);
wglarb_intermediary_unlock();
return ret;
}

Answer 2

Look at the code for SDL to see what it does - I think there's some faffing about to get a context with modern (>=3 or >=4) OpenGL.
https://www.opengl.org/wiki/Creating_an_OpenGL_Context_%28WGL%29