pip install produces OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: - python-2.7

Question

I'm wanting to install ten packages via pip in virtualenv.
I possibly used sudo improperly in my haste to get it "working" as suggested by https://stackoverflow.com/a/27939356/1063287, ie I installed virtualenv with sudo:
sudo virtualenv --no-site-packages ENV
I did this because without sudo I got this:
me#my-comp:/var/www/html$ virtualenv --no-site-packages ENV
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python2
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 2364, in <module>
main()
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 719, in main
symlink=options.symlink)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 942, in create_environment
site_packages=site_packages, clear=clear, symlink=symlink))
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 1144, in install_python
mkdir(lib_dir)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 324, in mkdir
os.makedirs(path)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
makedirs(head, mode)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
makedirs(head, mode)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/var/www/html/ENV'
In Ubuntu 16.04 I cannot see "Disk Utility" to test the solution offered however.
Trying to pip install lxml results in this final error:
Command "/var/www/html/ENV/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-jcCDbh/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-_oNugl-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /var/www/html/ENV/include/site/python2.7/lxml" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-jcCDbh/lxml/
Whilst two other examples are below:
pip install bottle:
(ENV) me#my-comp:/var/www/html/ENV$ pip install bottle
Collecting bottle
Installing collected packages: bottle
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 209, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 335, in run
prefix=options.prefix_path,
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 732, in install
**kwargs
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 835, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root, prefix=prefix)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 1030, in move_wheel_files
isolated=self.isolated,
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 344, in move_wheel_files
clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 322, in clobber
shutil.copyfile(srcfile, destfile)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 83, in copyfile
with open(dst, 'wb') as fdst:
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/var/www/html/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/bottle.pyc'
pip install requests:
(ENV) me#my-comp:/var/www/html/ENV$ pip install requests
Collecting requests
Using cached requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: requests
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 209, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 335, in run
prefix=options.prefix_path,
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 732, in install
**kwargs
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 835, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root, prefix=prefix)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 1030, in move_wheel_files
isolated=self.isolated,
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 344, in move_wheel_files
clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 315, in clobber
ensure_dir(destdir)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 83, in ensure_dir
os.makedirs(path)
File "/var/www/html/ENV/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/var/www/html/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests-2.9.1.dist-info'
If I use sudo pip install bottle, I get:
sudo: pip: command not found
Update:
I ran this suggestion:
$sudo chown -R $(whoami) /var/www/html/ENV
and can now pip install bottle, requests, pymongo, beautifulsoup4, Beaker, pycrypto and tldextract. However, lxml and pillow are failing.
lxml fail:
Failed building wheel for lxml
Command "/var/www/html/ENV/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-yHLQQe/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-hLznuQ-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /var/www/html/ENV/include/site/python2.7/lxml" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-yHLQQe/lxml/
pillow fail:
Failed building wheel for pillow
Command "/var/www/html/ENV/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-IkuM34/pillow/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-60McJh-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /var/www/html/ENV/include/site/python2.7/pillow" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-IkuM34/pillow/
I have tried the suggestion here:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/6504860/1063287
for troubleshooting these remaining errors and libxml2-dev, libxslt1-dev and python2.7-dev are already installed.
Update 2:
Installed zlib1g-dev as per:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/19289133/1063287
and can install lxml now.
Still can't install pillow.
Update 3:
Installed libjpeg8-dev as per:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/33582789/1063287
and can now install pillow.

Answer 1

Have you installed pip?
Try installing pip by
sudo apt-get install python
,download pip from https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing/ then do a 'python get-pip.py'. This will install pip
Then for the issue of permission denied use
$sudo chown -R $(whoami) /var/www/html/ENV

Answer 2

The solution was a combination of this suggestion:
$sudo chown -R $(whoami) /var/www/html/ENV
And making sure the following packages were installed:
python2.7-dev
libxml2-dev
libxslt1-dev ( for ^, as per https://stackoverflow.com/a/6504860/1063287)
apache2-dev
zlib1g-dev (for lxml, as per https://stackoverflow.com/a/19289133/1063287)
libjpeg8-dev (for pillow, as per https://stackoverflow.com/a/33582789/1063287)