I’m struggling to get a bit of regular expressions code to work. I have a long list of strings that I need to partially extract. I need only strings that starting with “WER” and I only need the last part of the string commencing (including) on the letter.
test <- c("abc00012Z345678","WER0004H987654","WER12400G789456","WERF12","0-0Y123")
Here is the line of code which is working but only for one letter. However in my list of strings it can have any letter.
ifelse(substr(test,1,3)=="WER",gsub("^.*H.*?","H",test),"")
What I’m hoping to achieve is the following:
H987654
G789456
F12
You can use the following pattern with gsub:
> gsub("^(?:WER.*([a-zA-Z]\\d*)|.*)$", "\\1", test)
[1] "" "H987654" "G789456" "F12" ""
See the regex demo
This pattern matches:
^ - start of a string
(?: - start of an alternation group with 2 alternatives:
WER.*([a-zA-Z]\\d*) - WER char sequence followed with 0+ any characters (.*) as many as possible up to the last letter ([a-zA-Z]) followed by 0+ digits (\\d*) (replace with \\d+ to match 1+ digits, to require at least 1 digit)
| - or
`.* - any 0+ characters
)$ - closing the alternation group and match the end of string with $.
With str_match from stringr, it is even tidier:
> library(stringr)
> res <- str_match(test, "^WER.*([a-zA-Z]\\d*)$")
> res[,2]
[1] NA "H987654" "G789456" "F12" NA
>
See another regex demo
If there are newlines in the input, add (?s) at the beginning of the pattern: res <- str_match(test, "(?s)^WER.*([a-zA-Z]\\d*)$").
If you don't want empty strings or NA for strings that don't start with "WER", you could try the following approach:
sub(".*([A-Z].*)$", "\\1", test[grepl("^WER", test)])
#[1] "H987654" "G789456" "F12"
Related
full.path = 'C:\Users\me\Desktop\Data\my_file.csv'
I can't figure out the right regex to be left with only
essential.name = 'my_file'
I'm afraid I keep on failing on encoding correctly the last backslash
A platform-independent regex solution can also look like
> full.path = 'C:\\Users\\me\\Desktop\\Data\\my_file.csv'
> sub(".*\\\\([^.]*).*", "\\1", full.path)
[1] "my_file"
See online R demo.
Details:
.* - any 0+ characters as many as possible up to the last...
\\\\ - a literal \ symbol
([^.]*) - Group 1 capturing 0+ characters other than a dot
.* - and the rest of the characters up to its end.
The \\1 just inserts the contents of the Group 1 into the result.
We can use the basename and file_path_sans_ext (from tools) to extract the file name
tools::file_path_sans_ext(basename(full.path))
#[1] "my_file"
Or if we need regex, use gsub
gsub(".*\\\\|\\..*$", "", full.path)
#[1] "my_file"
data
full.path = 'C:\\Users\\me\\Desktop\\Data\\my_file.csv'
I'm trying to detect conditions where words have repetition of letters, and i would like to replace such matched conditions with the repeated letter. The text is in Hebrew. For instance, שללללוווווםםםם should just become שלום.
Basically,when a letter repeats itself 3 times or more - it should be detected and replaced.
I want to use the regex expression for r gsub.
df$text <- gsub("?", "?", df$text)
You can use
> x = "שללללוווווםםםם"
> gsub("(.)\\1{2,}", "\\1", x)
#[1] "שלום"
NOTE :- It will replace any character (not just hebrew) which is repeated more than three times.
or following for only letter/digit from any language
> gsub("(\\w)\\1{2,}", "\\1", x)
If you plan to only remove repeating characters from the Hebrew script (keeping others), I'd suggest:
s <- "שללללוווווםםםם ......... שללללוווווםםםם"
gsub("(\\p{Hebrew})\\1{2,}", "\\1", s, perl=TRUE)
See the regex demo in R
Details:
(\\p{Hebrew}) - Group 1 capturing a character from Hebrew script (as \p{Hebrew} is a Unicode property/category class)
\\1{2,} - 2 or more (due to {2,} limiting quantifier) same characters stored in Group 1 buffer (as \\1 is a backreference to Group 1 contents).
my_string = "2011, this year I made 750,000 dollars"
Is there an elegant way to match "2011" and "750,000" in the string above. The idea is to extract numeric values when it looks like to numeric values, i.e. \d+ or \d+[\.,]?\d* depending on the presence of a comma after
I tried this but it doesn't match exactly what I wanted, I got "2011," which is no good
library(stringr)
str_match_all(fkin, "(\\d+[\\.,]?\\d*)
Here is my expected resut:
"2011" "750,000"
You can do:
[0-9]+(?:[,.][0-9]+)*
It's very elegant, I tried it in front of a mirror.
Here is a one regex pure base R approach to extract integer or float values that are not part of the string of digits separated with a hyphen:
> str <- "2011, this year I made 750,000 dollars and 750,000-589 here"
> regmatches(str, gregexpr('(?<!\\d-)\\b\\d+(?:[,.]\\d+)?+(?!-)', str, perl=T))[[1]]
[1] "2011" "750,000"
See the IDEONE demo and a regex demo.
Since the regex contains lookarounds, you need to specify the perl=TRUE argument.
Pattern explanation:
(?<!\d-) - a negative lookbehind failing the match when a digit with a hyhen precedes the current location
\b\d+ - a word boundary (before the next digit, there cannot be a word char - letter, digit or _)
(?:[,.]\d+)?+ - a non-capturing group ((?:...)) matching 1 or 0 sequences of a comma or dot ([,.]) followed with 1 or more digits (and this sequence is matched possessively (see ?+) so that the regex engine did not check for a hyphen after \b\d+)
(?!-) - a negative loookahead that fails the match if there is a hyphen after the digits detected.
I have a dataframe with columns having values like:
"Average 18.24" "Error 23.34". My objective is to replace the text and following space from these. in R. Can any body help me with a regex pattern to do this?
I am able to successfully do this using the [A-Z]. But i am not able to combine the white space. [A-Z][[:space:]] no luck.
Your help is appreciated.
We can use sub. Use the pattern \\D+ to match all non-numeric characters and then use '' in the replacement to remove those.
sub("\\D+", '', v2)
#[1] "18.24" "23.34"
Or match one or more word characters followed by one or more space and replace with ''.
sub("\\w+\\s+", "", v2)
#[1] "18.24" "23.34"
Or if we are using stringr
library(stringr)
word(v2, 2)
#[1] "18.24" "23.34"
data
v2 <- c("Average 18.24" ,"Error 23.34")
You can use a quantifier and add a-z to the pattern (and the ^ anchor)
You can use
"^\\S+\\s+"
"^[a-zA-Z]+[[:space:]]+"
See regex demo
R demo:
> b <- c("Average 18.24", "Error 23.34")
> sub("^[A-Za-z]+[[:space:]]+", "", b)
> ## or sub("^\\S+\\s+", "", b)
[1] "18.24" "23.34"
Details:
^ - start of string
[A-Za-z]+ - one or more letters (replace with \\S+ to match 1 or more non-whitespaces)
[[:space:]]+ - 1+ whitespaces (or \\s+ will match 1 or more whitespaces)
I'm looking for a regular expression to catch all digits in the first 7 characters in a string.
This string has 12 characters:
A12B345CD678
I would like to remove A and B only since they are within the first 7 chars (A12B345) and get
12345CD678
So, the CD678 should not be touched. My current solution in R:
paste(paste(str_extract_all(substr("A12B345CD678",1,7), "[0-9]+")[[1]],collapse=""),substr("A12B345CD678",8,nchar("A12B345CD678")),sep="")
It seems too complicated. I split the string at 7 as described, match any digits in the first 7 characters and bind it with the rest of the string.
Looking for a general answer, my current solution is to split the first 7 characters and just match all digits in this sub string.
Any help appreciated.
You can use the known SKIP-FAIL regex trick to match all the rest of the string beginning with the 8th character, and only match non-digit characters within the first 7 with a lookbehind:
s <- "A12B345CD678"
gsub("(?<=.{7}).*$(*SKIP)(*F)|\\D", "", s, perl=T)
## => [1] "12345CD678"
See IDEONE demo
The perl=T is required for this regex to work. The regex breakdown:
(?<=.{7}).*$(*SKIP)(*F) - matches any character but a newline (add (?s) at the beginning if you have newline symbols in the input), as many as possible (.*) up to the end ($, also \\z might be required to remove final newlines), but only if preceded with 7 characters (this is set by the lookbehind (?<=.{7})). The (*SKIP)(*F) verbs make the engine omit the whole matched text and advance the regex index to the position at the end of that text.
| - or...
\\D - a non-digit character.
See the regex demo.
The regex solution is cool, but I'd use something easier to read for maintainability. E.g.
library(stringr)
str_sub(s, 1, 7) = gsub('[A-Z]', '', str_sub(s, 1, 7))
You can also use a simple negative lookbehind:
s <- "A12B345CD678"
gsub("(?<!.{7})\\D", "", s, perl=T)